scholarly journals Effects of supplemental irrigation based on soil water content on water consumption, dry matter and yield of wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Zhenwen Yu ◽  
Yu Shi ◽  
Shubo Gu ◽  
Yanyan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation

The effect of chisel ploughing and inter-row cultivation on soil water content and yield of bulrush millet (Pennisetum typhoides) at Katherine, N.T

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
LJ Phillips ◽  
MJT Norman
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Pennisetum Typhoides ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Multifactorial Experiment

A multifactorial experiment comprising combinations of three pre-wet-season chisel ploughing treatments, three wet-season chisel ploughing treatments, and three inter-row cultivation treatments was carried out on bulrush millet (Pennisetum typhoides S. & H.) at Katherine, N.T., in 1963-64, and was repeated in 1964-65. Pre-wet-season ploughing throughout the growth of the nitrogen yield of millet when treatments had very little effect on the dry matter or nitrogen yield of millet crop. Increasing the depth of wet-season ploughing increased the dry matter and sampled at 7 and 12 weeks after sowing, but at the final sampling, 18 weeks after sowing, only the differences in dry matter yield were maintained. Responses in dry matter and nitrogen yield were obtained to one inter-row cultivation, but not to a second. Differences in dry matter yield due to wetseason ploughing and inter-row cultivation were associated with differences in soil water content measured in the 1-4 feet profile in 1964-65.

scholarly journals Estimate Cotton Water Consumption from Shallow Groundwater under Different Irrigation Schedules

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Guohua Zhang ◽  
Xinhu Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Soil Evaporation ◽  
Groundwater Depth ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Consumption

Shallow groundwater is considered an important water resource to meet crop irrigation demands. However, limited information is available on the application of models to investigate the impact of irrigation schedules on shallow groundwater depth and estimate evaporation while considering the interaction between meteorological factors and the surface soil water content (SWC). Based on the Richards equation, we develop a model to simultaneously estimate crop water consumption of shallow groundwater and determine the optimal irrigation schedule in association with a shallow groundwater depth. A new soil evaporation function was established, and the control factors were calculated by using only the days after sowing. In this study, two irrigation scheduling methods were considered. In Method A, irrigation was managed based on the soil water content; in Method B, irrigation was based on the crop water demand. In comparison with Method B, Method A was more rational because it could use more groundwater, and the ratio of soil evaporation to total evapotranspiration was low. In this model, the interaction between meteorological factors and the SWC was considered to better reflect the real condition; therefore, the model provided a better way to estimate the crop water consumption.

Growth and yield of rice cultivars under sprinkler irrigation in south-eastern Queensland. 3. Water extraction and plant water relations dash comparison with maize and grain sorghum

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Fukai ◽  
P Inthapan
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Leaf Water

Several physiological responses were compared, under irrigated and water-stressed conditions, in an attempt to explain the reasons for the greater reduction in dry matter production of rice compared with maize and sorghum in a water-limiting environment. Leaf water potential and leaf rolling were determined weekly, soil water profiles and root length density twice, and leaf osmotic potential once during a long dry period. Root length density of rice was at least as high as that of maize and sorghum in the top 0.6 m layer of soil in both the wet and dry trials. There was no difference in water extraction among the 3 species from this layer, while rice extracted less water than did the other species from below 0.6 m. High variability among replicates precluded any conclusion being drawn regarding root length in the deeper layer. Leaf water potential, measured in the early afternoon, was consistently lower in rice than in maize and sorghum, even when soil water content was high, indicating high internal resistance to the flow of water in the rice plants. The low leaf water potential in rice was accompanied by low osmotic potential, and this assisted in maintenance of turgor and dry matter growth when soil water content was relatively high. As soil water content decreased, however, leaf water potential became very low (less than - 2.5 MPa) and, for rice, leaves rolled tightly.

Use of long-season annual legumes and herbaceous perennials in pastures to manage deep drainage in acidic sandy soils in Western Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. P. Fillery ◽  
R. E. Poulter
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
C3 Grasses

The effect of including phases of long-growing-season annuals and herbaceous perennial pastures on water use was examined at 2 sites (deep sand and duplex soil) in Western Australia. Herbaceous perennials used were lucerne (Medicago sativa), and a mix of C3 grasses comprising phalaris (Phalaris aquatica), tall wheat grass (Thinopryum ponticum), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) (perennial grass treatment). The long-season annual treatment was a mix of yellow and pink serradella (Ornithopus sp.) and Casbah biserrula (Biserrula pelecinus). These treatments were compared with annual-based pasture that was a mixture of subterranean clover with capeweed and Brassica species, and annual crops. Pasture treatments were first sown in 1998. High senescence of C3 grasses over the 1998–99 summer and poor germination of serradella/Casbah biserrula in the autumn of 1999 necessitated the re-seeding of the long-season annual and the perennial grass treatment in 1999. Wheat was sown in 1998, lupin in 1999, and barley in 2000 in an annual crop treatment. Soil water content to 1.5 m was measured hourly using frequency domain reflectometer probes, and a neutron probe was used monthly to measure changes in soil water to 5 m. Herbage production and species composition were determined. In each year of the study, annual pasture species senesced by November. About 20 lucerne plants/m2 persisted through the first summer–autumn in deep loamy sand and 40 lucerne plants/m2 in a duplex soil. Perennial C3 grass species did not survive the summer–autumn in sufficient density and distribution to evaluate their effect on soil water. Annual dry matter (DM) production in lucerne-based and subterranean clover-based pasture was not significantly different. Dry matter production in lucerne between 1 December and the following May–June, when germination of annual-based pastures occurred, was 1.2–1.9 t/ha at one site and 0.2–1.6 t/ha at another site. Long-season annual pastures produced significantly more DM than either lucerne or subterranean clover-based pastures in one season at one site but produced significantly less DM than either lucerne or subterranean clover-based pasture at another site in another season. Long-season annual-based pastures extracted amounts of soil water to a depth of 5 m similar to subterranean clover-based pasture when these were grown on deep sand and a duplex soil. In contrast, lucerne removed an additional 128 mm of water to 5 m, with 70 mm of this water being drawn from 2.5–5 m, compared with subterranean clover-based pasture. Lucerne was comparatively less effective in extracting water from a duplex soil where rooting depth was restricted to 2 m by a saline watertable. Early germination of annual pastures appeared to reduce drainage compared with a crop treatment where weeds were killed in autumn and early winter ahead of seeding. The need for studies at landscape scales that include concurrent measurements of groundwater levels and changes in soil water content to a depth of at least 5–6 m under perennial-based production systems is highlighted.

Effect of the soil water content on Jatropha seedlings in a tropical climate

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pérez-Vázquez ◽  
G. Hernández-Salinas ◽  
C. Ávila-Reséndiz ◽  
O.A. Valdés-Rodríguez ◽  
F. Gallardo-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate growth, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis in Jatropha at different levels of soil moisture. Plants were cultivated in containers and the treatments of the soil water content evaluated were: 0% (without watering), 20, 40, 60, and 80% soil water content. Plant height was statistically similar for all treatments, but the number of leaves differed significantly. Total dry matter and chlorophyll at 40, 60, and 80% soil water content were statistically similar, but different from 0 and 20% soil water content. Leaf area at 40, 60, and 80% soil water content was statistically different from 0 and 20% soil water content. The photosynthetic rate, transpiration and stomatal conductance at 60 and 80% soil water content were statistically similar but different from 0 and 20% soil water content. Water stress affected growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration, and stomatal conductance.

scholarly journals Biometry and Water Consumption of Sunflower as Affected by NPK Fertilizer and Available Soil Water Content under Semiarid Brazilian Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (08) ◽  
pp. 668-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves ◽  
Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra ◽  
Vinícius Batista Campos ◽  
Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽  
Pedro Henrique Pinto Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

The effects of N fertilizer and soil moisture on the nodulation and growth of Phaseolus vulgaris

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siu M. T. Saito ◽  
Maria Nazareth S. Montanheiro ◽  
R. L. Victoria ◽  
K. Reichardt
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Utilization

SummarySoil water content affected the nodulation and N2 fixation of Phaseolus vulgaris by Rhizobium phaseoli and the utilization of mineral N by plants. Plants grown in wet soil produced twice as much as those grown on dry soils. Nodule weight and activity were five to ten times greater than those from dry soils. At 45 days, N additions inhibited nodulation, but this effect was partially diminished in wet soils.The maximum N utilization from fertilizer to produce dry matter did not correspond to maximum N utilization by pods.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Simulated Soil Water Content, Dry Matter and Grain Yield of Winter wheat (cv. Shiraz) using WSM and AquaCrop Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (77) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sh. Zand-Parsa ◽  
S. Parvizi ◽  
A. R. Sepaskhah ◽  
M. Mahbod ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter

scholarly journals Ridge–furrow–ridge Rainwater Harvesting System with Mulches and Supplemental Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borut Gosar ◽  
Dea Baričevič
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation ◽  
Growing Seasons

New ridge–furrow–ridge rainwater-harvesting (RFRRH) system with mulches has been promoted in agricultural production to improve economic potential for high-value plant production. In this system, plastic mulch covers two ridges and the furrow between them, which serves as the rainwater-harvesting zone. To test this system more effectively, a field study using purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea Moench) as an indicator crop was conducted to determine the effect of the RFRRH system with or without a covering of two different types of polyethylene mulches and with or without supplemental irrigation on soil water content, crop yield, and time dedicated to weed control during the growing seasons of 2007 and 2008. In the non-irrigated plots, the results showed significantly higher soil water content during dry periods at the beginning of plant growth in the mulch-covered RFRRH system in comparison with the control (uncovered ridges). In comparison with the control, the mulch-covered RFRRH system significantly increased yield and reduced time dedicated to weed control. In the event of a rainfall deficiency, the mulch-covered RFRRH system enabled simple supplemental irrigation, using an agricultural vacuum tanker, by flooding the polyethylene mulch-covered furrow with hardly any ridge erosion. However, in only 1 year did supplemental irrigation significantly increase yield.

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