scholarly journals Integrated weed management: Tools and strategies in a world of pesticide restriction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittoria Giannini ◽  
Donato Loddo ◽  
J. Scott McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Management Tools

Not available.

Weed Problems in Uruguayan Agriculture: Evolution and Current Situation

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
M. Alejandro Garcia ◽  
Lucia V. Meneses ◽  
Tiago Edu Kaspary
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Species Frequencies ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

Uruguayan agriculture has undergone dramatic changes in the last 50 years driven by the adoption of new agricultural production systems that incorporate zero tillage and herbicide resistant crops. This has resulted in a shift in weed species frequencies and the dispersion of introduced herbicide resistant weed populations. Finally, integrated weed management tools are being developed by research and extension services to manage herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds better and to reduce environmental impact of herbicides.

Differential germination response of Navua sedge (Cyperus aromaticus) populations to environmental factors

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Perennial Weed ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Seed Biology ◽  
Cyperus Aromaticus ◽  
Flooding Depth

Abstract Navua sedge (Cyperus aromaticus) is a hard to control C4 perennial weed species in tropical regions of Australia. Knowledge of its seed biology could help to develop integrated weed management programs for this species. This study was conducted in laboratory and screenhouse conditions to evaluate the effect of alternating day/night temperatures, light, pretreatment high temperatures, burial depth, and flooding depth on the germination and emergence of two populations (Ingham and Tablelands) of C. aromaticus. Both populations germinated at temperatures ranging from 20/10 to 35/25 C; however, the Ingham population germination (76%) was greater than the Tablelands population (42%) at the highest temperature regime (35/25 C). None of the populations germinated at 15/5 C. Darkness completely inhibited germination in both populations, suggesting that the seeds are positively photoblastic. Seeds (dry and wet) of both populations germinated after exposure to pretreatment temperatures of up to 100 C for 5 min. After pretreatment at 150 C, only the Ingham population germinated, and the germination of dry seeds (62%) was greater than wet seeds (1%). None of the populations germinated after the exposure to 200 C. For both populations, maximum germination was observed for seeds at 0 cm, and a burial depth of 0.5 cm completely inhibited emergence of the Tablelands population and 2.0 cm inhibited germination of the Ingham population. A flooding depth of 10 cm greatly reduced emergence in both populations compared with 0 cm (62 and 78%) but 12 to 14% of seedlings still emerged, suggesting the need to integrate flooding with other management tools. The results also suggest that the Ingham population may have a greater potential to spread into new areas or become more invasive than the Tablelands population. Knowledge gained from this study can be used to manage C. aromaticus by fire/burning, tillage, and flooding.

Integrated Weed Management in Oilseed Brassica

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Abhinandan Singh ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management

Fungal Phytotoxins in Sustainable Weed Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Vurro ◽  
Angela Boari ◽  
Francesca Casella ◽  
Maria Chiara Zonno
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Toxic Metabolites

Fungal phytotoxins are natural secondary metabolites produced by plant pathogenic fungi during host–pathogen interactions. They have received considerable particular attention for elucidating disease etiology, and consequently to design strategies for disease control. Due to wide differences in their chemical structures, these toxic metabolites have different ecological and environmental roles and mechanisms of action. This review aims at summarizing the studies on the possible use of these metabolites as tools in biological and integrated weed management, e.g. as: novel and environmentally friendly herbicides; lead for novel compounds; sources of novel mechanisms of action. Moreover, the limiting factors for utilizing those metabolites in practice will also be briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Growth and Phenology of Vulpia Myuros in Comparison with Apera Spica-Venti, Alopecurus Myosuroides and Lolium Multiflorum in Monoculture and in Winter Wheat

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1495
Author(s):  
Muhammad Javaid Akhter ◽  
Bo Melander ◽  
Solvejg Kopp Mathiassen ◽  
Rodrigo Labouriau ◽  
Svend Vendelbo Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Neighborhood Design ◽  
Alopecurus Myosuroides ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Arable Weed

Vulpia myuros has become an increasing weed problem in winter cereals in Northern Europe. However, the information about V. myuros and its behavior as an arable weed is limited. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2017/18 and 2018/19, at the Department of Agroecology in Flakkebjerg, Denmark to investigate the emergence, phenological development and growth characteristics of V. myuros in monoculture and in mixture with winter wheat, in comparison to Apera spica-venti, Alopecurus myosuroides and Lolium multiflorum. V. myuros emerged earlier than A. myosuroides and A. spica-venti but later than L. multiflorum. Significant differences in phenological development were recorded among the species. Overall phenology of V. myuros was more similar to that of L. multiflorum than to A. myosuroides and A. spica-venti. V. myuros started seed shedding earlier than A. spica-venti and L. multiflorum but later than A. myosuroides. V. myuros was more sensitive to winter wheat competition in terms of biomass production and fecundity than the other species. Using a target-neighborhood design, responses of V. myuros and A. spica-venti to the increasing density of winter wheat were quantified. At early growth stages “BBCH 26–29”, V. myuros was suppressed less than A. spica-venti by winter wheat, while opposite responses were seen at later growth stages “BBCH 39–47” and “BBCH 81–90”. No significant differences in fecundity characteristics were observed between the two species in response to increasing winter wheat density. The information on the behavior of V. myuros gathered by the current study can support the development of effective integrated weed management strategies for V. myuros.

scholarly journals Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of Lolium rigidum (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
María Belén D’Amico ◽  
Guillermo R. Chantre ◽  
Guillermo L. Calandrini ◽  
José L. González-Andújar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Seed Removal ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
High Control ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Population models are particularly helpful for understanding long-term changes in the weed dynamics associated with integrated weed management (IWM) strategies. IWM practices for controlling L. rigidum are of high importance, mainly due to its widespread resistance that precludes chemical control as a single management method. The objective of this contribution is to simulate different IWM scenarios with special emphasis on the impact of different levels of barley sowing densities on L. rigidum control. To this effect, a weed–crop population model for both L. rigidum and barley life cycles was developed. Our results point out: (i) the necessity of achieving high control efficiencies (>99%), (ii) that the increase of twice the standard sowing density of barley resulted in a reduction of 23.7% of the weed density, (iii) non-herbicide-based individual methods, such as delayed sowing and weed seed removal at harvest, proved to be inefficient for reducing drastically weed population, (iv) the implementation of at least three control tactics (seed removal, delay sowing and herbicides) is required for weed infestation eradication independently of the sowing rate, and (v) the effect of an increase in the sowing density is diluted as a more demanding weed control is reached. Future research should aim to disentangle the effect of different weed resistance levels on L. rigidum population dynamics and the required efficiencies for more sustainable IWM programs.

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