IMPLEMENTATION OF MICROELIMINATION STRATEGY IN ERADICATION OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS C INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH HEMOPHILIA IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF SERBIA

Background: Treating HCV in people with hemophilia not only prevents the development of ESLD and HCC, but it also greatly increases the quality of life for people living with hemophilia. There are many obstacles in reaching the WHO goal of globally eradicating HCV by the year 2030., mainly its scale, complexity and implementation. That is why many countries have implemented a micro-elimination strategy: a pragmatic elimination approach in populations with the most efficacy. The aim of this publication is to present the morbidity and mortality rates, the clinical course and treatment outcomes of chronic HCV infection in PWH, as well as to show an example of a successfully conducted HCV micro-elimination strategy among people with hemophilia in the Province of Vojvodina. Methods: A retrospective, single-center study, performed using medical documentation of all registered PWH in the Clinical center of Vojvodina from 1994. until 2020. It included 74 hemophilia patients, out of which 32 were patients with hemophilia and chronic HCV infection. Results: The mean age of HCV positive PWH was 42.3 years, with the duration of infection of 30-35 years. Co-infection with HIV was observed in 6.25% of cases. Furthermore, 18.75% of patients had spontaneous HCV elimination and 75% patients were treated with antiviral protocols. Cirrhosis developed in 21.87% with an incidence rate of 0.6 per 100 patient-years. After treatment with Pegylated IFN and ribavirin (RBV), 58.3% achieved SVR. Side effects of IFN-based therapy regiment were recorded in 20.8% of treated PWH. In 37.5% PWH, DAA protocols were administered, and these patients achieved SVR. HCV positive PWH have a statistically higher mortality rate than non-infected people with hemophilia. Among the HCV positive PWH, hemophilia-related deaths were 6.25%, and HCV-related deaths were 9.37%. Currently, in the Registry of PWH in Vojvodina, there are no patients with active HCV infection. Conclusion: The micro-elimination strategy in subpopulation of PWH was successfully implemented in the Province of Vojvodina in close collaborations of hematologist and infectious diseases specialist.

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Treatment of acute hepatitis C infection with interferon-alfa 2b monotherapy prevents development of chronic HCV infection

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)82820-1 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A567-A567 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E JAECKEL ◽

M CORNBERG ◽

T SANTANTONIO ◽

J MAYER ◽

H WEDEMEYER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Interferon Alfa ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv

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Developments in the HCV Screening Technologies Based on the Detection of Antigens and Antibodies

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19194257 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (19) ◽

pp. 4257 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Warkad ◽

Song ◽

Pal ◽

Nimse

Keyword(s):

Acute Infection ◽

Health Sector ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Global Scale ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Infected People ◽

Chronic Hcv Infection ◽

Hcv Screening ◽

Chronic Hcv ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for 15%–20% of cases of acute infection, and chronic HCV infection is developed in about 50%–80% of HCV patients. Unfortunately, due to the lack of proper medical care, difficulty in screening for HCV infection, and lack of awareness resulted in chronic HCV infection in 71 million people on a global scale, and about 399,000 deaths in 2016. It is crucial to recognize that the effective use of antiviral medicines can cure more than 95% of HCV infected people. The Global Health Sector Strategy (GHSS) aim is to reduce the new HCV infections and the HCV associated mortality by 90% and 65%, respectively. Therefore, the methods that are simple, yet powerful enough to detect HCV infections with high sensitivity, specificity, and a shorter window period are crucial to restrain the global burden of HCV healthcare. This article focuses on the technologies used for the detection of HCV in clinical specimens.

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Treatment of acute hepatitis C infection with interferon-alfa 2b monotherapy prevents development of chronic HCV infection

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(08)82820-x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A567 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elmar Jaeckel ◽

Markus Cornberg ◽

Teresa Santantonio ◽

Julika Mayer ◽

Heiner Wedemeyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Interferon Alfa ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Acute Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv

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Bacterial Translocation and Host Immune Activation in Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz255 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mi Sun Moon ◽

Gabriella Quinn ◽

Elizabeth C Townsend ◽

Rabab O Ali ◽

Grace Y Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Bacterial Translocation ◽

Immune Activation ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv ◽

Circulating Levels ◽

Hepatic Macrophage ◽

Macrophage Uptake

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 71 million individuals, and barriers to treatment remain. Bacterial translocation is a complication of chronic HCV infection, and this study evaluated circulating microbial components including lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and β-D-glucan in addition to their pattern recognition receptors and degree of hepatic macrophage uptake. The findings suggest that regulation of serum peptidoglycan and β-D-glucan differs from that of lipopolysaccharide. Additionally, macrophage activation in the liver may be better reflected by the degree of macrophage uptake than by circulating levels of microbial markers. These findings allow for a greater understanding of bacterial translocation and host immune activation during HCV infection.

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Mental health outcomes for individuals with chronic hepatitis C infection.

Online Journal of Public Health Informatics ◽

10.5210/ojphi.v11i1.9800 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

William W. Thompson ◽

Mohammed A. Khan ◽

Jay Soh ◽

Lauren Canary ◽

Michael Blank ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Hcv Rna ◽

Fee For Service ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Hcv Antibody ◽

Chronic Hcv Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv ◽

Test Result

ObjectiveUsing data from the 2011–2015 IBM MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters, we sought to assess the relationship between mental health outcomes and chronic hepatitis C infection after adjusting for important confounders. Persons with HCV antibody and RNA test results between 2011 and 2015 and continuous enrollment in fee-for-service plans were included in the analysisIntroductionHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver disease-related morbidity and mortality in the United States and HCV incidence has been increasing. Mental illness may impact the likelihood of initial HCV infection, progress and adherence to treatment along the hepatitis C care cascade, and risk of subsequent reinfection for those cured of hepatitis C. The relationship between HCV infection and mental illness is not well understood and many studies have lacked sufficient sample size to adjust for important confounders. We sought to explore the association between chronic HCV infection and mental illness after adjusting for important confounders.MethodsWe obtained data from the 2011–2015 IBM MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefits databases. These data consist of inpatient and outpatient service claims for persons with employer-sponsored health insurance coverage and their dependents. Persons with HCV antibody and RNA test results between 2011 and 2015 and continuous enrollment in a fee-for-service plan were included in the analysis. Chronic HCV infection was defined by a positive HCV RNA test result. Controls without chronic HCV infection had a negative HCV antibody test result and no positive HCV antibody or RNA test result in the preceding or following year. The index date was defined by the date of the earliest positive HCV RNA or negative HCV antibody test. Demographic characteristics were obtained from the MarketScan® enrollment tables. All enrollees in the study population were at least 18 years old during the year of the index date. The analysis sample was restricted to persons who were identified as receiving outpatient prescription drug claims data feeds. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the association between mental illness (ICD-9 code 295 or 296) and HCV RNA status. Multivariate models included age (18-44, 45-64, 65+ years), sex, region, and an adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index which excluded liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.ResultsWe identified 2,847 individuals with chronic HCV infection (HCV RNA+) and 57,418 controls who were HCV antibody negative. With respect to age, 83% of HCV RNA+ individuals were aged 45-64 years while only 43% of the HCV antibody negative individuals were in the same age range. Similarly, for sex, 62% and 40% of HCV RNA+ individuals and controls, respectively, were male. For unadjusted analyses, age, sex, region, comorbid conditions, and mental illness (OR= 2.25 [95% CI; 1.52 - 3.34]) were all statistically associated with HCV RNA+. For the multivariate adjusted models, these same variables remained statistically significant. For the multivariate model, individuals with a mental illness were more likely to be HCV RNA+ relative to HCV antibody negative controls. (OR= 1.95 [95% CI; 1.30 - 2.93]).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a strong association between mental illness and HCV chronic infection after adjusting for important confounders including other comorbid conditions. A growing body of research suggests that persons with mental illness are at increased risk for contracting and transmitting HCV due to high rates of substance use and high-risk sexual behavior among infected persons as well as high rates of sexual victimization. HCV prevention efforts should be directed toward individuals with mental illness or seeking treatment for mental illness.

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Hepatitis C Virus Infection

JMS SKIMS ◽

10.33883/jms.v23i2.762 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nissar Ahmad Wani

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Liver Cancer ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv Infection ◽

Chronic Hcv

Hepatitis C Virus Infection I have read with great interest the review entitled “Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Brief Review” recently published by Saleem Kamili and Hisham Qadri in JMS, SKIMS (Vol 23 No 1 (2020): Jan-Mar).Useful information has been presented and these efforts will definitely help the clinicians to treat Hepatitis C patients in a better and effective way. I wish to make the following comments on the diagnostic evaluation of Hepatitis C infection. This was need of an hour to know the prevalence, causes, symptoms and available treatment of this disorder. As we know the virus can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis, ranging in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. New HCV infections are usually asymptomatic. Some persons get acute hepatitis which does not lead to a life-threatening disease. It is important to note here that around 30% (15–45%) of infected persons spontaneously clear the virus within 6 months of infection without any treatment. The remaining 70% (55–85%) of persons will develop chronic HCV infection. Of those with chronic HCV infection, the risk of cirrhosis ranges between 15% and 30% within 20 years. Globally, an estimated 71 million people have chronic hepatitis C virus infection. WHO estimated that in 2016, approximately 399 000 people died from hepatitis C, mostly from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma primary liver cancer).Antiviral medicines can cure more than 95% of persons with hepatitis C infection, thereby reducing the risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer, but access to diagnosis and treatment is low.

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