scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS AND LEGAL BASES FOR COASTAL AREA EVALUATION: THE SEIXAS BEACH SAMPLE - PB

2018 ◽  
pp. 226-234
Author(s):  
Max Furrier ◽  
Alexandre dos Santos Souza ◽  
Larissa Fernandes De Lavor
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Coastal Space ◽  
Technical Measures ◽  
High Tide Line

The present work aims at performing an environmental analysis focused on the current legislation applied to Seixas Beach, located in the southern littoral of João Pessoa city, in the State of Paraíba – Brazil. In this coastal zone as well as in other littoral areas of Brazil and Paraíba, natural processes linked to anthropogenical activities have increased coastal erosion, changing significantly the local scenery. This study identified the eminent necessity of applying technical measures that may promote area conservation or the mitigation of present-day erosive processes. Among the implications of disorderly occupation in this coastal space, we observe marked erosion on the coastline that has caused serious socio-economical and landscape damages. Another characteristic of this littoral zone are the elements of civil infrastructure built on permanent preservation areas, including the Average High Tide Line (Marine Line). This fact violates the current environmental legislation in Brazil and contributes noticeably to the degradation of the area.

Stranded in the high tide line: Spatial and temporal variability of beached microplastics in a semi-enclosed embayment (Arcachon, France)

2021 ◽  
pp. 149144
Author(s):  
Charlotte Lefebvre ◽  
Isabel Jalón Rojas ◽  
Juliette Lasserre ◽  
Sandrine Villette ◽  
Sophie Lecomte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
High Tide Line

scholarly journals Simultaneous coastal measurements of ozone deposition fluxes and iodine-mediated particle emission fluxes with subsequent CCN formation

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 20567-20597 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Whitehead ◽  
G. McFiggans ◽  
M. W. Gallagher ◽  
M. J. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Ultrafine Particle ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Particle Emission ◽  
Deposition Fluxes ◽  
Ozone Deposition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emission Fluxes

Abstract. Here we present the first observations of simultaneous ozone deposition fluxes and ultrafine particle emission fluxes over an extensive infra-littoral zone. Fluxes were measured by the eddy covariance technique at the Station Biologique de Roscoff, on the coast of Brittany, north-west France. This site overlooks a very wide (3 km) littoral zone controlled by very deep tides (9.6 m) exposing extensive macroalgae beds available for significant iodine mediated photochemical production of ultrafine particles. The aspect at the Station Biologique de Roscoff provides an extensive and relatively flat, uniform fetch within which micrometeorological techniques may be utilized to study links between ozone deposition to macroalgae (and sea water) and ultrafine particle production. Ozone deposition to seawater at high tide was significantly slower (vd[O3]=0.302±0.095 mm s−1) than low tidal deposition. A statistically significant difference in the deposition velocities to macroalgae at low tide was observed between night time (vd[O3]=1.00±0.10 mm s−1) and daytime (vd[O3]=2.05±0.16s−1) when ultrafine particle formation results in apparent particle emission. Very high emission fluxes of ultrafine particles were observed during daytime periods at low tides ranging from 50 000 particles cm−2 s−1 to greater than 200 000 particles cm−2 s−1 during some of the lowest tides. These emission fluxes exhibited a significant relationship with particle number concentrations comparable with previous observations at another location. Apparent particle growth rates were estimated to be in the range 17–150 nm h−1 for particles in the size range 3–10 nm. Under certain conditions, particle growth may be inferred to continue to greater than 120 nm over tens of hours; sizes at which they may readily behave as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) under reasonable supersaturations that may be expected to pertain at the top of the marine boundary layer. These results link direct depositional loss and photochemical destruction of ozone to the formation of particles and hence CCN from macroalgal emissions at a coastal location.

scholarly journals Sea Oats, Uniola paniculata

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Miller ◽  
Mack Thetford ◽  
Chris Verlinde ◽  
Gabriel Campbell ◽  
Ashlynn Smith
Keyword(s):  
Wind Waves ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Uniola Paniculata ◽  
Vertical Growth ◽  
Sea Oats ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Florida Panhandle ◽  
High Tide Line

Sea oats occur throughout Florida on beach dunes and beaches and on coastal areas west to Texas and north to Maryland. Sea oats are vital dune builders that accumulate sand and prevent erosion due to wind, waves, and large storms. As sand is trapped by the long leaves of sea oats, vertical growth is stimulated, and rooting occurs at the buried nodes. This plant is extremely drought- and salt-tolerant, grows up to the high tide line of beaches, and propagates both vegetatively and by seed in the wild (Shadow 2007).https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/sg186 This publication is derived from information in SGEB-75/SG156, Dune Restoration and Enhancement for the Florida Panhandle, by Debbie Miller, Mack Thetford, Christina Verlinde, Gabriel Campbell, and Ashlynn Smith. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/sg156.

Changing Information Extraction of Coastal Accretion-Erosion from High Resolution Satellite Images

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3685-3688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Gu ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Zheng Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Tidal Level ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sea Reclamation ◽  
High Tide Line

Methods for extracting information about coastline, mean high tide line and mean low tide line from satellite images are investigated based on the satellite images which have a spatial resolution of 10m and were obtained in the coastal area of Yancheng of Jiangsu province in 2006, 2008 and 2009, respectively. The evolution of the coastal zone influenced by human activities such as harbor construction and sea reclamation for farming is analyzed. The results show that (1) comparing with low resolution RS images, the high resolution images can be used to extract more subtle culture features, from which the mean high tidal line can be extracted; (2) by combing with the tidal level of the day and based on the high tidal line extracted already, the instantaneous water line on the images and leaner relationship among them, the mean low tidal line may possibly be worked out; (3) it has been being in an accretion status since 2006, with an increasing magnitude every year, while the mean low tide line was in a dynamic balance status from 2006 to 2008, but was eroded by 840m from 2008 to 2009, being very distinct in its change.

scholarly journals Jamesiella scotica new to North America from USA, Alaska

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor Tønsberg
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
National Park ◽  
High Tide ◽  
High Tide Line

Jamesiella scotica is reported new to North America from Kenai Fjords National Park in Alaska. It was found on live and moribund leaves of the bryophyte Paraleucobryum longifolium on sea-shore rocks just above high tide line. 

scholarly journals Spontaneous Order

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sugden
Keyword(s):  
High Tide ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Spontaneous Order ◽  
Fishing Village ◽  
Unwritten Rule ◽  
High Tide Line

In a fishing village on the Yorkshire coast, there used to be an unwritten rule about the gathering of driftwood after a storm. Whoever was first onto a stretch of the shore after high tide was allowed to take whatever he wished without interference from later arrivals and to gather it into piles above the high-tide line. Provided he placed two stones on the top of each pile, the wood was regarded as his property for him to carry away when he chose. If, however, a pile had not been removed after two more high tides, this ownership right lapsed. My concern is to try to explain how rules regulating human action can evolve without conscious human design and can maintain themselves without there being any formal machinery for enforcing them. I want to be able to say something about the kinds of rules that are likely to evolve and survive. And I want to find how these rules link with rationality and with morality.

Diversity and zoogeography of the non-oceanic Crustacea of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador (excluding terrestrial Isopoda)

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart B. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Pelagic Larvae ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Subterranean Waters ◽  
High Tide Line

Fifty-three species of adult crustaceans (excluding Isopoda) are now known from a diversity of non-oceanic habitats on the Galápagos Islands. These include hypersaline, brackish, and fresh coastal and inland surface waters, anchialine subterranean waters, and terrestrial habitats above the high-tide line such as supralittoral beach wrack and upland leaf litter. The faunal assemblage is physiologically defined by evolving away from the ancestral marine environment, before or after reaching the Galápagos Islands. It is taxonomically diverse and includes Notostraca, Conchostraca, Anostraca, Ostracoda (Myodocopa and Podocopa), Copepoda (Calanoida and Cyclopoida), Tanaidacea, Amphipoda, and Decapoda (Caridea, Anomura, and Brachyura). All members of the fauna (or their progenitors) have dispersed across an oceanic gap of at least 1000 km and have colonized the archipelago by three principal methods: (1) as swimming pelagic larvae or adults that dispersed passively by being carried through the sea; (2) through passive transport of nonswimming forms by rafting in or on floating debris on the sea surface; and (3) through passive biological transport of propagules by birds or insects. There is no direct evidence for the aerial (wind) transport of desiccation-resistant dormant stages such as eggs, but it is possible that this has occurred. Twenty-eight species are native and 25 are endemic. The supralittoral species and those in both temporary and permanent surface waters are generally native and widespread in the Americas. Three amphipod genera and one crab genus are endemic. Subterranean (anchialine) waters contain a high percentage of (often eyeless) endemics. The largest evolutionary shift is represented by an upland terrestrial amphipod that has evolved in situ from an ancestral supralittoral species.

PERSISTENCE OF OIL IN BEACH SAND FOLLOWING A CATASTROPHIC RELEASE OF NO. 2 FUEL OIL

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 409-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Mulhare ◽  
Paula-Jean Therrien
Keyword(s):  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Beach Sand ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town ◽  
High Tide Line

ABSTRACT Contamination of beach sand from two large releases of no. 2 fuel oil was found to persist for years in intertidal sand and for months in sand at the storm high tide line. This information on the unexpected persistence of this light, volatile fuel oil in the beach environment is invaluable in determining whether active remediation or natural attenuation is appropriate for the restoration of a contaminated beach. The major receptors of the impact of this contamination are a driving force in deciding what remedial approach should be taken. The two releases reported had different receptors. The major impact from the World Prodigy spill was to a public bathing beach. The oil contamination was of primary importance to residents of the town of Jamestown. Active remediation was conducted to restore an important socioeconomic resource. The major impact from the North Cape spill was to a beach in a wildlife refuge that is a protected nesting area for the threatened bird species, the piping plover. Active remediation was not conducted because of concern over disturbing the plover habitat, but would have been conducted had this been a public bathing beach.

scholarly journals A Framework for Classifying and Assessing Sea Level Rise Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Hauer ◽  
Dean Hardy ◽  
Scott Kulp ◽  
Valerie Mueller ◽  
David Wrathall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
High Tide ◽  
High Water ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Adaptation Policies ◽  
New Research ◽  
High Tide Line ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Population risk assessments of sea level rise are key to understanding the impacts of climate change on coastal communities and necessary for adaptation planning. Future sea level rise exposes coastal populations to a spectrum of risk, but assessments often define exposure narrowly, such as areas experiencing permanent inundation only. We reviewed the most common sea level rise exposure assessment methods and identified three widely used spatial definitions of physical exposure risk: mean higher high water, the 100-year floodplain, and the low-elevation coastal zone. Taken individually, each treat risk to sea level rise as binary (affected or not affected), resulting in narrow definitions, homogenizing risk and exposure across space and time. We present a framework that integrates and smooths these classifications under a single continuous metric. To do so, we advance a sophisticated spatiotemporal flood-modeling approach -- expected annual exposure -- based on a probabilistic spatial envelope that unifies spatial extents between the high-tide line and the 10,000-year floodplain. We show that the effects from sea level rise will impact far more people far sooner than previously thought. In particular, our results suggest that single, binary extent assessments either underestimate or overestimate the magnitude of the at-risk populations while also spatially homogenizing the impacts to sea level rise. Our advance on modeling annual exposure provides a more robust and holistic assessment of the populations most at-risk to flooding from sea level rise. This typology can be used to guide new research connecting risk of sea level rise to related adaptation policies and planning.

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