LAYOUT PLAN ANALYSIS ON URBAN PATHWAYS, NODES AND EDGES IN KUALA MUDA FISHING VILLAGE

This paper studies three urban design elements, namely pathways, nodes, and edges, in Kampung Kuala Muda, Penaga, a traditional fishing village in Penang. The case study portrays the resistance of a fishing settlement by exhibiting a unique local culture of whispering auction market that is celebrated by many, including locals and tourists. The study of the paths, edges, and nodes of the case study is carried out by applying a qualitative method and data collection through a site visit, informal interviews, and literature reviews from published journals, online news, and articles. The fishing activities heavily influence the layout setting of Kampung Kuala Muda. The urban design element is observed to be the most significant in directing the users' perspectives.

Dr John Goodsir (1746–1816): The surgeon of Largo

The ancient fishing village of Lower Largo or the Seatoun of Largo stands quietly on Largo Bay along the north side of the Firth of Forth and is famous as being the birthplace of its famous resident, Alexander Selkirk, who inspired Daniel Defoe’s, Robinson Crusoe. However, it has another resident, Dr. John Goodsir, who, for forty-six years served as a medical practitioner and was a Minister of the Gospel at the Largo Baptist Church for twenty years. The current work describes the life of this ordinary early medical practitioner and surgeon, discusses his correspondences, and finally examines his role as serving as Largo’s Baptist minister.

An analysis of the backbone of the coastal defenses of the Maritime Department of Northern Spain in the eighteenth century. Illusory impregnability

The election of Ferrol as the headquarters of the Maritime Department of Northern Spain in 1726 converted this small fishing village in Galicia into mainland Spain’s principal arsenal and shipyard. In order to guarantee its protection, a permanent concern for the Crown, engineers and seamen performed surveys and studies of the Galician coast with a view to establishing a system of coastal defenses. This was then followed by the construction of castles and batteries, in addition to watchtowers from which to monitor the coast and keep Ferrol informed of any developments by means of beacons. In the following pages, this system will be examined in order to determine its quality, efficiency, and state of repair during the eighteenth century, thus revealing the huge disparity between theory and practice. For, as with the rest of the Galician coast, Ferrol was continuously at the mercy of Spain’s enemies throughout the century.

Sensory access at sxxnitk: Blockages, fluidities and futures

In the summer of 2020, tensions rose at sxxnitk, an ancestral fishing village site, for the Syilx Okanagan Peoples due to a landowner seeking to exclude access to a portion of qawsitk (Okanagan) river. Access to sxxnitk is integral for Syilx Nation building and realizing embodied relationships with the Salmon peoples, which have been hindered by a multiplicity of factors that almost removed salmon completely from the Territory. Sensory access throughout the village site is not only important to rebuild relations with the salmon, but also those with the place itself. sxxnitk remains a portal of relationality with waterscapes from the high mountains into the Pacific Ocean. Waterscapes connect peoples, polities and humans/more-than-humans throughout their spaces of motion. In an era of altered river pathways, intensified relationships grounded in particular waterscapes can help to build relations beyond the structural blockages that fragment the flow of the river and its ecologies. These relationships are important for collaborative healing throughout the watershed. Renewing relations with ecologies of flow and motion bring to question the fragmented jurisdictions that seek to carve up Indigenous territories.

Un poblado para pescadores en Cartagena (España) de Carlos de Miguel (1947-1955)

The architect Carlos de Miguel González was the author of the fishing village in Cartagena (Spain). The project promoted by the Instituto Social de la Marina in 1947 consisted of the construction of a housing complex and a Fisherman's House completed in 1955. The work was part of the Plan Nacional de Mejoramiento de la Vivienda en los Poblados de Pescadores which intended to address one of the main concerns of the Spanish state after the Civil War: the problem of poor housing. Thus, numerous actions were carried out along the entire Spanish coast, some published in Revista Nacional de Arquitectura. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to publicize the Cartagena project and the vicissitudes of its construction, as the built work is quite different from the original project. It also aims to highlight its most outstanding features through a comparative analysis with the other projects published in the journal and by studying possible links with the vernacular architecture of the Region of Murcia.

Design of vertical fisherman village in Penjaringan with sustainable development concept

Indonesia is known as an archipelago state that has more than 17,000 islands with a coastline of more than 81,000 kilometers. Therefore, the economic life of the Indonesian nation is largely centered on the coastal areas. Population growth along the coastline has resulted in fishermen choosing to live close to their source of life and building their economy there. Rapid population growth, and the scarcity of available residential land resulted in fishermen building denser settlements, expanding towards the sea and ultimately giving the impression of slums along the coast. It is felt that vertical settlements (flats) will provide solutions to problems in the conditions of these slum settlements. The effort to rejuvenate the fishing village in Penjaringan Village is the topic of this research with the limited vertical settlement approach, which takes into account: behavior patterns, habits, activities and daily needs of fishermen. A vertical development with a limited height is also seen as fulfilling the concept of sustainable development, where all fishing activities can be accommodated on a narrow area of land and do not sacrifice too much open land which is already small in the coastal area. In addition, fishermen’s life and cooperation between them can be facilitated by carrying out a compact upward design. This is one solution that will differentiate this fishing village from other settlements. This development is declared successful if all the goals that have been set together can be achieved and bring benefits to the group of residents.

Experiencing Loneliness by Seniors during the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Example of Poland and Slovakia

Loneliness - a subjective, emotional state of feeling social isolation and being cut off from others. It comes and goes when life situation changes. In the case of chronic loneliness, it is experienced no matter what the circumstances. Loneliness functions in the temporal (time) dimension: it can be continuous, but it can also occur temporarily. The feeling of loneliness occurs in situations where the emotional bond is broken or in the case of isolation. The aim of this article is to address the problem of seniors' loneliness which is caused by the limitations of the Covid-19 pandemic. The participants of the study are seniors living in Poland and Slovakia. Research conducted in Poland, with two elderly women over 70, living in a small fishing village in the north of the country, shows that they experience unpleasant states of loneliness despite having adequate relationships with other people. As observations show, the increase in loneliness is caused by conditions that require the observance of precautionary measures related to the pandemic and restrictions on socializing and conducting classes in senior clubs. The above factors result in shallowing interpersonal interactions; weakening interpersonal relations; contribute to more superficial contacts mainly by telephone. Seniors who are in care at the Retirement Home and Nursing Home in Slovakia also admit to feeling lonely, though not directly. From the conversation, however, it can be concluded that this condition does not result directly from pandemic limitations, but rather from too little contact with loved ones. The presence of other residents and staff, contact with people, meals, activities and conversations significantly fill the time during the day. The study was aimed at checking the facts of loneliness faced by seniors living in Slovakia and Poland as well as providing information about their views on their situation. The aim of the study is also to indicate the direction that will be helpful in combating and preventing such a pejorative phenomenon as loneliness. The research was conducted in the form of an interview. In order for the quality of the interviews to be as high as possible, the respondents were selected from various backgrounds. In Poland, there were two single women, aged over 70, living in a tiny fishing village; in Slovakia they were clients of the Retirement Home and the Nursing Home in Rimavska Sobota. The authors of the texts on the situation in Poland and Slovakia would like to add that the respondents waited with interest for contact from the authors of the publication; were happy that they could speak; that there were people who were interested in their problems. The researchers tried to comprehensively present the analysis of the obtained data, situations and statements of the respondents and, using the bricollage technique, to interpret it in detail. The most important issues raised in the interviews were additionally summarized in the conclusions.

‘Noordwijk aan Zee is no more’

From around 1866, Noordwijk aan Zee morphed from a small fishing village into a fashionable seaside resort. Although this transformation was set in train by a local hotelier, it was not fully realized until 1887, thanks to the initiatives of a developer from outside the village. The evolution from fishing village to seaside resort followed the model formulated in 1980 by the geographer R.W. Butler. This model distinguished seven stages: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, decline and rejuvenation. In the period 1887-1920, Noordwijk aan Zee underwent the stages of involvement and development. Some residents spotted an opportunity to make some money by providing services. The ambience of the village, originally determined by traditional fishermen’s cottages and sheds, changed dramatically. Development extended beyond the existing street plan and the sandy paths lining the sea wall were transformed into boulevards. Among the dunes to the south of the village core, an enclave of villas arose; to the north of the village core, labourers’ cottages. The role played by local architect-builders in the urban and architectural development of the Noordwijk aan Zee resort has received scant attention to date. In most architectural histories of Noordwijk, and of seaside resorts in general, the focus is on established architects. But given that their contribution was usually confined to a single work, their role in the spatial development of fashionable Noordwijk was negligible. It was primarily local builders who shaped the new streetscape. Working to order or on their own account, they were the most prolific builders. They drew their inspiration from the formal idiom of established architects and from the available pattern books. Various local builders ventured into tourism, as managers of summer villas, guesthouses or hotels. In that enterprise, too, they set their stamp on the appearance of the village. The construction boom that characterized the years 1887-1920 also drew builders from outside Noordwijk to settle in the village. Up to that point the local construction world had been dominated by builders’ families that had lived in the village for generations. The old families tended to confine their activities to the historical core, while most of the newcomers built outside the core. The study of local architect-builders in Noordwijk aan Zee sits within the context of Baukultur as formulated in the 2018 Davos Declaration. Local government has shown little interest in the Baukultur of Noordwijk in the period up to 1945. Although the seaside resort escaped major damage during the Second World War, since 1960 Noordwijk aan Zee has undergone large-scale demolition and redevelopment. The current situation is one of attrition; every year, one or two buildings from the town’s heyday as a popular seaside resort disappear forever.