scholarly journals Knowledge of sexual abuse amongst female students in Malawi

Curationis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dzimadzi ◽  
H. Klopper
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Sexually Abusive ◽  
Prevention Programmes

Sexual abuse is an increasing problem in Malawi amongst female students, and is associated with physical and mental health problems. This study aimed to determine existing knowledge of sexual abuse amongst female students in tertiary education institutions in Malawi. A descriptive, comparative, quantitative and contextual research design was used. Participants (n=219) were selected through systematic random sampling from a population of female students aged 18 to 21, at fifteen (n= 15) tertiary education institutions in Malawi. Sexually abusive behaviours demonstrated by a lover and friend were interpreted as not being abusive. There were no significant differences in knowledge of sexual abuse between the abused and non-abused respondent groups (p > 0.05). The overall prevalence rate of sexual abuse was 41%. Common forms of sexual abuse experienced were touching of breasts (54.4%) and attempted sexual intercourse (47.8%). Completed sexual intercourse was experienced by 18.9% of the respondents. The majority reported that they were sexually abused by men (98.9%). Twenty one percent experienced more than one sexually abusive incident and some respondents were abused by friends (30%). The abusers mostly used physical threats. Only 55.6% reported their sexual victimisation to others. Female students aged 18 to 21 in tertiary education institutions in Malawi had some knowledge of sexual abuse, but there were deficits in the interpretation of sexually abusive behaviours. The majority of abusers were male adolescents and young adults. Respondents should know what the Malawi law stipulates and what can be done to control and prevent sexual abuse. The information obtained from the study was used to develop guidelines for sexual abuse prevention programmes.

scholarly journals Preventing the Onset of Child Sexual Abuse by Targeting Young Adolescents With Universal Prevention Programming

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Letourneau ◽  
Cindy M. Schaeffer ◽  
Catherine P. Bradshaw ◽  
Kenneth A. Feder
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Universal Prevention ◽  
Adolescent Dating Violence ◽  
Young Adolescents ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Early Evaluation

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a serious public health problem that increases risk for physical and mental health problems across the life course. Young adolescents are responsible for a substantial portion of CSA offending, yet to our knowledge, no validated prevention programs that target CSA perpetration by youth exist. Most existing efforts to address CSA rely on reactive criminal justice policies or programs that teach children to protect themselves; neither approach is well validated. Given the high rates of desistance from sexual offending following a youth’s first CSA-related adjudication, it seems plausible that many youth could be prevented from engaging in their first offense. The goal of this article is to examine how school-based universal prevention programs might be used to prevent CSA perpetrated by adolescents. We review the literature on risk and protective factors for CSA perpetration and identify several promising factors to target in an intervention. We also summarize the literature on programs that have been effective at preventing adolescent dating violence and other serious problem behaviors. Finally, we describe a new CSA prevention program under development and early evaluation and make recommendations for program design characteristics, including unambiguous messaging, parental involvement, multisession dosage, skills practice, and bystander considerations.

scholarly journals Children and adolescents: victims who become perpetrators

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnon Bentovim ◽  
Bryn Williams
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Sexually Abusive ◽  
Sexually Abuse ◽  
Abusive Behaviour ◽  
Research Initiatives

Irrespective of whether one considers official statistics, the proliferation of clinical referrals, research initiatives, review articles or even media attention, the problem of children and adolescents who sexually abuse other children has become a subject of increased attention. Given the proportion of young abusers who are themselves victims of sexual abuse, understanding the continuities between sexual victimisation and sexually abusive behaviour has been important. Despite the paucity of reliable evidence, it is clear that the majority of children who are sexually abused do not become abusers. Moreover, we know that around half of all young abusers have not themselves been victims of abuse. This paper sets out to consider these issues and highlight potentially important factors in understanding the origins and development of sexually abusive behaviour at an early age.

scholarly journals Child Maltreatment: Brief Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Amanda Plácido da Silva Macêdo ◽  
Monnic Maria Lóssio Rocha Maia ◽  
Izadora De Sousa Pereira ◽  
Thânia Maria Rodrigues Figueiredo ◽  
Modesto Leite Rolim Neto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Increased Risk

Child maltreatment has serious consequences, including increasing an individual's risk of physical and mental health problems across their life course. Objective: Here we show that there  is an important public health message to focus, not only on approaches that prevent or detect childhood maltreatment, but also to explore methods of prevention and detection of mental ill health. Results: The study Childhood maltreatment and adult suicidality: a comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis (2019) showed that all different types of childhood maltreatment including sexual abuse [odds ratio (OR) 3.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.76–3.64], physical abuse (OR 2.52, 95% CI 2.09–3.04) and emotional abuse (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.64–3.77) were associated with two- to three-fold increased risk for suicide attempts. Conclusion: It is important to highlight emotional violence may actually be more powerful than physical and sexual abuse in its impact on adolescent suicide behaviors in low- and middle-income countries. Keywords: Child Maltreatment; Mental Health; Prevention.

Relation between Consumption of Fast Food with its Associated Physical and Mental Aspects of Health among Medical Students in Lahore, Pakistan; A Cross Sectional, Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1945-1948
Author(s):  
Sana Noor ◽  
Aemun Shaukat Kayani ◽  
Noor Shahid ◽  
Fatima Jalal Ch ◽  
Javeria Ali Asghar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Fast Food Consumption

Background; Unhealthy dietary patterns or fast-food consumption increase the probability of physical health problems. Junk food consumption effect the physical appearance as well as can be the cause of mental illness. Aim: The main aim of the study is o observe the perception of junk food consumption and the associated physical and mental health problems. Methodology; The data was collected using self-designed questionnaire on junk food consumption and related mental or physical issues. The questionnaire was distributed physically to the students with their written consent. The data was collected from 200 students enrolled at a private medical college in Lahore. The data was analyzed and chi-square test of association was used to observe and any link between junk food consumption and health issues. Results; It was seen that 90% of the total female students were ate fast food while, it was evident in 96% for the male students in comparison to female students. The overall fast-food consumption is 70%. It was seen that fast food consumption has been significantly associated with mental health. Fast food consumption was also found to be associated with less physical wellbeing and risk of obesity. Conclusion; Male students were found to be more involved in junk food consumption. The significance link of fast-food intake was observed with progress in mental health. Intake of fast food also found to be associated with anger and depression. Consumption of fast-food increases the risk for weight gain and obesity. Keywords: Consumption, Fast food, Junk food, Obesity, Risk.

Childhood Sexual Abuse and Violence

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Jyoti Mishra Pandey ◽  
Abhishek Pandey ◽  
Preeti Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Sexually Abused ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The World

The current chapter will focus on how serious this concern is and how this can be identified and overcome with different psychological methods or techniques. Childhood is a phase of innocence. The darker side of the world is yet to be known to them. Sexual abuse and violence is seen to occur in all ages, in all socioeconomic classes, and nearly in all countries with some differences in the magnitude. Consequences of child sexual abuse and violence include impaired lifelong physical and mental health. Many a times a person who was sexually abused in his/her childhood remains have some experiences that haunt them may be throughout his/her life. These may be guilt or shame of not able to stop the abuser or didn't tell it to others. Sexual abuse in children is very difficult to identify and may even harder to see. Knowledge of the risk factors for child maltreatment can be used to identify children at risk and may represent opportunities for prevention. Preventing child maltreatment before it starts is possible and requires a multidimensional approach.

Intimate Sexual Victimization Among Women With Protective Orders: Types and Associations of Physical and Mental Health Problems

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cole ◽  
TK Logan ◽  
Lisa Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sexually Abusive ◽  
Protective Orders ◽  
Criminal Justice Professionals

Intimate sexual violence was examined among a sample of women who had recently obtained protective orders against male partners using three groups: no sexual victimization (n = 368), sexual insistence (n = 114), and threatened and/or forced sex (n = 117). Differences in childhood sexual abuse as well as types of partner psychological abuse, stalking, and severe physical violence experiences were found across the groups. Multivariate analysis showed that women with no sexual victimization had significantly fewer mental health problems than women who had experienced sexual insistence and women who had been threatened or forced to have sex. Findings from this study underscore the importance of health, mental health, and criminal justice professionals assessing for a range of sexually abusive acts when working with victims of partner violence.

Socio Demographic and Clinical Profile of Indoor Female Patients of RINPAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Rajni Suri ◽  
Anshu Suri ◽  
Neelam Kumari ◽  
Amool R. Singh ◽  
Manisha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The role of women is very crucial in our society. She cares for her parents, partner, children and other relatives. She performs all types of duties in family and also in the society without any expectations. Because of playing many roles, women often face many challenges in their life including both physical and mental. Mental health problems affect women and men equally, but some problems are more common among women including both physical and mental health problems. Aim of the study - The present study is aimed to describe and compare the clinical and socio-demographic correlates of female mentally ill patients. Methods and Materials: The study includes 180 female mentally ill patients based on cross sectional design and the sample for the study was drawn purposively. A semi structured socio-demographic data sheet was prepared to collect relevant information as per the need of the study. Result: The present study reveals that the socio-demographic factors contribute a vital role in mental illness. Findings also showed that majority of patients had mental problems in the age range of 20-30 have high rate. Illiterate and primary level of education and daily wage working women as well as low and middle socio-economic status women are more prone to have mental illness. Other factors like marital status, type of family and religion etc also important factors for mental illness. Keywords: Socio demographic profile, female, psychiatric patient

Knowledge and Use of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Bachelor's Level Female Students of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Bhu Dev Jha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

 Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) is used for preventing pregnancy after having unprotected sexual intercourse, contraceptive failure or forced sex. The use of ECP within 120 hours of sexual intercourse could prevent unwanted pregnancy and its adverse effects particularly unintended childbirth and unsafe abortion. The study, therefore, aimed to assess knowledge and use of emergency contraceptives among Bachelors level female students from Kathmandu Valley. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from August to November 2017 among 347 female students who were studying at the Bachelors's level. A random sampling technique was used to select study participants and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and use of ECP after securing informed consent. Epi data and SPSS version 22 were used for data processing and analysis. The mean age of the female students was 21.5 years. Overall, 91.4% of the respondents had ever heard about emergency contraceptives. The main sources of information were radio or television, the internet and newspapers. About 4.6% of the undergraduate female students used ECP. Age, marital status, use of contraceptives and knowledge of ECP used within 72 hours were significantly associated with use of ECP. Although the findings of this study showed a high prevalence of knowledge among respondents, the improvement of female students’ knowledge on specific details of ECP and its advantages/disadvantages and timely utilization needs to be considered for any future awareness programmes.  

Loneliness, social isolation and cardiovascular risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Alun ◽  
Barbara Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly being acknowledged as risk factors for both physical and mental health problems. Recent statistics demonstrate that loneliness and isolation are on the rise internationally, to the point of being classed as an epidemic. In this paper, the authors outline some of the recent research linking loneliness and isolation to significant chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes; mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression; cognitive disorders and dementia. Isolation has also been shown to compromise recovery after acute cardiac events, being associated with increased hospital readmission and premature death. Indeed, isolation has now been identified as a risk factor equivalent in effect to traditional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension and obesity. While distinguishing between objective and subjective indicators of isolation, the authors highlight the complexity of this phenomenon, both in terms of definition and measurement, as well as the interplay between subjective and objective indicators. Important clinical implications for health professionals working with cardiac patients are also proposed, in terms of screening for isolation, and possible interventions to support patients at risk of isolation. The aim of the current article is to emphasise the importance of acknowledging loneliness and isolation as key risk factors requiring urgent attention, both in research and in clinical practice.

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