scholarly journals Development and preliminary validation of the work-unit performance questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Seland ◽  
Carl C. Theron
Keyword(s):  
Performance Index ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Work Unit ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Unit Performance

Background: Serious shortcomings are identified in the Performance Index (PI), developed by Spangenberg and Theron (2004). Attempts are made to correct these shortcomings.Aim: The primary objective of this research study was to develop and preliminary validate a generic Work-Unit Performance Questionnaire, based on the Performance Index of Spangenberg and Theron (2004), correcting shortcomings identified in that particular PI.Setting: The study used convenience sampling that consisted of 202 respondents from a variety of South African industries. The article draws on findings in the thesis of Seland (2019).Methods: The development and preliminary validation of the Work-Unit Performance Questionnaire (WUPQ) was required. The WUPQ consists of dual subscales, the Work-Unit Competency Questionnaire (WUCQ), which consists of seven latent behavioural competency variables, and the Work-Unit Outcome Questionnaire (WUOQ), which consists of six latent outcome variables.Results: Both measurement models (WUCP WUOQ) showed close fit; however, two factor loadings in the WUCQ measurement model had to be constrained. Reasonable structural model fit was found in the sample. Support was found for 11 of the original 21 path-specific substantive hypotheses and for an additional hypothesis.Conclusion: The proposed model can be used by managers, with caution due to the intentional exclusion of competency potential and situational variables, to diagnose poor work-unit performance. Furthermore, it is encouraged that this research be the starting point for further analyses of work-unit performance and advance validation of the instrument.

scholarly journals The internal structure of the unit performance construct as measured by the performance index (PI)1

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roline Henning ◽  
Callie Theron ◽  
Hermann Spangenberg
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Leadership Behaviour ◽  
Unit Performance

The objective of this study was to investigate the internal structure of the Performance Index in order to establish the interrelationships between the eight unit performance latent variables. The present study forms part of a larger study aimed at validating the Leadership Behaviour Inventory (LBI) (Spangenberg & Theron, 2002b) against work unit performance. The validation sample, after imputation of missing values, consisted of 273 cases with observations on all 56 items. Item analysis and dimensionality analysis was performed on each of the sub-scales using SPSS-windows. Thereafter, confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the reduced data set using LISREL. The results indicated satisfactory factor loadings on the measurement model. Acceptable model fit was achieved. Subsequently, the structural model was tested using LISREL. The results provided statistics of good fit. Only four hypotheses failed to be corroborated in this study. The results are discussed and suggestions for further research are made. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie studie was om die interne struktuur van die Performance Indexs (PI) (Spangenberg en Theron, 2002b) te ondersoek ten einde die interverwantskappe tussen die agt latente eeheidprestasiedimensies te bepaal. Hierdie studie vorm deel van ’n meer omvattende studie wat daarop gemik is om die Leadership Behaviour Inventory (LBI) teen werkeenheidprestasie te valideer. Die steekproef, na imputasie van ontbrekende waardes, het uit 273 gevalle bestaan met waarnemings ten opsigte van al 56 items. Item- en dimensionaliteitontledings is met behulp van SPSS-windows op elke subskaal gedoen. Bevestigende faktorontleding is daarna met behulp van LISREL op die verkleinde datastel uitgevoer. Die resultate het op bevredigende faktorbeladings vir die metingsmodel en ’n bevredigende passing van die metingsmodel gedui. Daarna is die strukturele model met behulp van LISREL getoets. Die resultate het bevredigende passing getoon, met slegs vier hipoteses wat nie deur die studie bevestig is nie. Die resultate word bespreek en voorstelle vir verdere navorsing word gemaak.

scholarly journals Impact of Quality Management on Business Performance of Manufacturing Firms: The Moderated Effect of Industry 4.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-135
Author(s):  
Nu Nguyen ◽  
Chuong Nguyen ◽  
Hieu Nguyen ◽  
Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Formative Measurement ◽  
Measurement Models

Purpose: The research aims to investigate the individual quality management (QM) factors impact on business performance in manufacturing firms. We then assess their influence and look at how industry 4.0 affects business performance directly. Furthermore, the study will demonstrate the moderate effect of industry 4.0 on the interaction between QM and business performance.        Methodology/Approach: The authors used two methodologies. The first is qualitative methods, by interviewing experts to develop a realistically appropriate model. The second is quantitative methods, by carrying out the survey and getting 84 observations. This research used the multivariate data analysis technique PLS-SEM to evaluate three measurement models: formative measurement model, reflective measurement model, and structural model. Findings: The QM was operationalised as a multi–dimensional construct. According to the findings, these individual QM factors significantly affect the organisation’s performance, including customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction and quality performance. Besides, QM and Industry 4.0 have directly impact on performance. The study also shows that industry 4.0 has a positive moderating role in the relationship between QM and business performance. Research Limitation/Implication: The survey was only done in emerging countries and the sample size is limited. There are other QM and business performance measurement parameters that have not yet to be discussed. Originality/Value of paper: The study contributes to the QM literature by building a business quality model, in which the role of Industry 4.0 was explored.

scholarly journals Development of a questionnaire for assessing work unit performance

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Spangenberrg ◽  
C. Theron
Keyword(s):  
Performance Index ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Work Unit ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Acceptable Model ◽  
Dimensionality Analysis ◽  
Work Units ◽  
Unit Performance

The aim of this study was to develop a generic work unit performance measure that can be utilised in private, public and non-profit work units. Development of such a questionnaire, called the Performance Index (PI) comprised three steps, namely deciding on a baseline structure for the model; verifying the model and dimensions through subject expert feedback; and consolidating the model and refining the questionnaire. The sample consisted of 60 units rated on a 360 basis by 257 respondents. Item and dimensionality analysis, followed by confirmatory factor analysis utilising LISREL produced acceptable model fit. Overall, results provided reasonable psychometric support for the Performance Index. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om ’n generiese werkeenheid- prestasiemeting te ontwikkel wat in privaat, openbare en nie-winsgerigte organisasies gebruik kan word. Die ontwikkeling van die vraelys, die Prestasie-Indeks (PI) het drie stappe behels, naamlik om te besluit op ’n onderliggende struktuur vir die model; om die model en dimensies deur middel van ekspert-beoordeling te verifieer; en om die model te konsolideer en die vraelys af te rond. Die steekproef het bestaan uit 60 eenhede wat op ’n 360-basis deur 257 respondente beoordeel is. Item- en dimensionaliteitsontledings, gevolg deur Lisrel-gedrewe bevestigende faktorontleding het gedui op aanvaarbare modelpassing. In geheel beslou het resultate redelike psigometriese ondersteuning aan die Prestasie-Indeks verleen.

scholarly journals Invariance Test: Detecting Difference Between Latent Variables Structure in Partial Least Squares Path Modeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lamberti ◽  
Tomas Aluja Banet
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Reasonable Doubt ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Invariance Test

In the context of heterogeneity, almost all partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) approaches focus on differences in the causal relationships between the latent variables. The principal goal is to detect segments that have different path coefficients in the structural model, yet inadequate attention is generally given to the measurement model. Thus, anytime that we define specific sub-models for different groups of individuals, we may wonder if the latent variables are the same in all detected sub-models. Taking this into consideration, the problem of invariance arises, meaning that if the estimation of latent variables are specific in each sub-model, there is reasonable doubt regarding whether we can compare the distinct behavior of individuals who belong to two different segments. In this paper, we present an invariance test as a possible solution, whereby the goal is to verify whether or not the measurement models of each sub-model may be assumed equal among themselves.

Forced Zero Cross-Loading Misspecifications in Measurement Component of Structural Equation Models

Methodology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Yuan Hsu ◽  
Susan Troncoso Skidmore ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Bruce Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Fit Statistics ◽  
Path Coefficients

The purpose of the present paper was to evaluate the effect of constraining near-zero parameter cross-loadings to zero in the measurement component of a structural equation model. A Monte Carlo 3 × 5 × 2 simulation design was conducted (i.e., sample sizes of 200, 600, and 1,000; parameter cross-loadings of 0.07, 0.10, 0.13, 0.16, and 0.19 misspecified to be zero; and parameter path coefficients in the structural model of either 0.50 or 0.70). Results indicated that factor pattern coefficients and factor covariances were overestimated in measurement models when near-zero parameter cross-loadings constrained to zero were higher than 0.13 in the population. Moreover, the path coefficients between factors were misestimated when the near-zero parameter cross-loadings constrained to zero were noteworthy. Our results add to the literature detailing the importance of testing individual model specification decisions, and not simply evaluating omnibus model fit statistics.

Structural Model of Service Quality Factors Affecting Loyalty Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Al-erqi ◽  
◽  
Mohd Lizam Mohd Diah ◽  
Najmaddin Abo Mosali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This study seeks to address the impact of service quality affecting international student's satisfaction towards loyalty tothe Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM). The aim of thestudy is to develop relationship between service quality factor and loyalty to the university from the international students’ perspectives. The study adopted quantitative approach where data was collected through questionnaire survey and analysed statistically. A total of 246 responses were received and found to be valid. The model was developed and analysed using AMOS-SEM software. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) function of the software was to assessed the measurement models and found that all the models achieved goodness of fit. Then path analysis function was used to assessed structural model and found that service qualityfactors have a significant effect on the students’ satisfaction and thus affecting the loyaltyto the university. Hopefully the outcome form this study will benefit the university in providing services especially to the international students.

scholarly journals Measuring the Refined Theory of Individual Values in 49 Cultural Groups: Psychometrics of the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112199876
Author(s):  
Shalom H. Schwartz ◽  
Jan Cieciuch
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Model ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Refined Theory ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Circular Structure ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Portrait Value Questionnaire

Researchers around the world are applying the recently revised Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ-RR) to measure the 19 values in Schwartz’s refined values theory. We assessed the internal reliability, circular structure, measurement model, and measurement invariance of values measured by this questionnaire across 49 cultural groups ( N = 53,472) and 32 language versions. The PVQ-RR reliably measured 15 of the 19 values in the vast majority of groups and two others in most groups. The fit of the theory-based measurement models supported the differentiation of almost all values in every cultural group. Almost all values were measured invariantly across groups at the configural and metric level. A multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that the PVQ-RR perfectly reproduced the theorized order of the 19 values around the circle across groups. The current study established the PVQ-RR as a sound instrument to measure and to compare the hierarchies and correlates of values across cultures.

Aspects of project learning in construction: a socio-technical model

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mohammed Alashwal ◽  
Hamzah Abdul-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variable ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Project Learning

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the measurement constructs of learning within construction projects' milieu. The literature indicated some mechanisms of learning in projects under four aspects, namely knowledge sharing, knowledge creation, team action to learn, and learning support. The empirical study attempts to verify whether intra-project learning can be measured through these aspects. Design/methodology/approach – The study used a survey method to collect the data from 36 mega-sized building projects in Malaysia. In total, 203 questionnaires were collected from professionals working in the sites of these projects. The data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the constructs of intra-project learning. Partial least squares-path modeling was used then to confirm the results of PCA and determine the contribution of each construct to intra-project learning. Findings – The results affirmed two constructs of intra-project learning, named, social and technical and each consisted of four indicators of learning. Originality/value – The paper emphasized the socio-technical perspective of learning and contributed to developing a hierarchical measurement model of learning in construction project. A project manager can propose new initiatives in response to the new perspective of learning for team building and continuous development. Lastly, the paper provides a comprehensive presentation of how to estimate the hierarchical measurement models of project learning as a latent variable.

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