Psychological Prerequisites for Motivating Prosocial Activity of Students

The article presents the results of a study of the motives of prosocial activity of students. The study was conducted on a sample of students of Russian universities (Moscow, St. Petersburg, the Republics of Buryatia, Mordovia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo, and Astrakhan regions). We used the methodology for assessing the level of prosociality on the altruism scale (F. Rushton), modification of the portrait value questionnaire of Schwartz, the method “Measurement of prosocial tendencies” (G. Carlo and B.A. Randall), as well as the author’s method of multiple comparison of variables (M.M. Basimov). The study revealed comparative psychograms of groups based on the studied quantitative psychological parameters of prosocial tendencies, altruism and values of the student youth

Measuring the Refined Theory of Individual Values in 49 Cultural Groups: Psychometrics of the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire

Researchers around the world are applying the recently revised Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ-RR) to measure the 19 values in Schwartz’s refined values theory. We assessed the internal reliability, circular structure, measurement model, and measurement invariance of values measured by this questionnaire across 49 cultural groups ( N = 53,472) and 32 language versions. The PVQ-RR reliably measured 15 of the 19 values in the vast majority of groups and two others in most groups. The fit of the theory-based measurement models supported the differentiation of almost all values in every cultural group. Almost all values were measured invariantly across groups at the configural and metric level. A multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that the PVQ-RR perfectly reproduced the theorized order of the 19 values around the circle across groups. The current study established the PVQ-RR as a sound instrument to measure and to compare the hierarchies and correlates of values across cultures.

Valores motivacionais nas organizações: um estudo com diferentes grupos de trabalho de servidores públicos da educação

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os Valores Motivacionais que se destacam na percepção dos colaboradores de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino.Metodologia: O instrumento aplicado foi o questionário eletrônico sobre as características demográficas e o modelo da estrutura de valores básicos utilizando a escala de Schwartz (1992), Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ). A coleta de dados foi realizada em todos os campi do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (IFES), com amostra de 549 servidores, os quais foram analisados por estatística descritiva e regressão múltipla.Principais Resultados: Os resultados sugerem que há percepções distintas sobre os valores motivacionais percebidos na instituição. Quanto ao grupo de trabalho Docentes, pode-se considerar que dão mais importância à transmissão dos conhecimentos para gerações futuras, priorizando o cuidado com a preservação do planeta e das relações. Quanto ao grupo Técnicos Administrativos pode-se destacar que apreciam a segurança nas relações e a continuidade dos processos.

The Worldview and Values – Analysing Relations

The described study serves as a basis for analysing relationships between two constructs: a worldview and values. In case of the former one, three types of worldview are considered: traditional, modern and postmodern (the Borowiak Questionnaire “How do you view yourself and the world around you?”). For the latter, the article refers to the Schwartz circular model of values: 19 values are located in two bipolar dimensions: conservation – openness to change and self-transcendence – self-enhancement (the Schwartz Portrait Value Questionnaire – PVQ-R3). Values were also classified into collective and individual types. The study involved 368 people. The aim was to find an answer to the question: which values are associated with the indicated worldviews? It appeared that collective values (the pole conservation and partially self-transcendence) were connected with the traditional worldview, individual values (the pole openness to change and partially selfenhancement and self-transcendence) – with modern and postmodern worldviews. The indicated regularities do not concern two individual values – “hedonism” and “achievement”, where the correlations with the postmodern worldview were not statistically significant.

Human values in students from a Higher Education Institution

The purpose of this study was to identify the preference level of the human values that students from a higher education institution endorse during August 2016-June 2017 school year, based on the Portrait Value Questionnaire. For this purpose, the basic values of Benevolence, Universalism, Stimulation, Power, Security, Tradition, Hedonism, Self-Direction, Achievement, and Conformity were studied. The study was exploratory, following a nonexperimental cross-sectional design. The sample was composed of 321 students from a higher education institution in Mexico. 67.6% (217) of the students were female, whereas 32.4% (104) were male. Their ages ranged from 18 to 30 years old. The Portrait Value Questionnaire devised by Shalom Schwartz was administered to them. The most important findings revealed that the basic values of Hedonism, Benevolence, and Self-Direction were highly preferred by the students, whereas the basic value of Achievement scored a preference level below the average. These findings highlighted the importance of identifying the portrait values of university students, so higher education institutions can establish appropriate strategies and actions that foster the students’ development in order to make them professionals with values.

Value priorities of future preschool and class teachers in Serbia in terms of the Schwartz refined value theory

To understand an individual?s behavior, attitudes, and decisions, it is necessary to learn his/her value priorities. In order to explore the structure and hierarchy of values of future preschool and class teachers we conducted a survey (N = 232). It relies on the famous Schwartz value theory in its refined version, applying his PVQ-57 (Portrait Value Questionnaire). The analysis encompassed reliability analysis, goodness of fit, multidimensional scaling, mean rating and ranking, and t-test. The obtained data fits the theoretical model well, and the location of empirical value types can be predicted by the proposed circumplex, except for universalism and benevolence values, which are located in reverse. Several values adjacent in the model appear combined in the data. The value hierarchy starts with Benevolence (Care and Dependability), Self-direction?Action, Security?Personal, Universalism?Concern, and finishes with Humility, Power?Resources and Dominance.