scholarly journals Job characteristics, burnout and the relationship with recovery experiences

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crizelle Els ◽  
Karina Mostert ◽  
Leon T. De Beer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Mastery Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

Orientation: Job characteristics (consisting of job demands and job resources) have an impact on burnout. However, it is unclear whether recovery strategies might influence this relationship amongst staff members at a tertiary education institution in South Africa.Research purpose: The primary objective of this study was to determine whether recovery strategies influence and moderate the relationship between job demands, job resources and burnout. Motivation for the study: Recovery strategies may influence and buffer the negative effects of job demands on burnout and may influence and enhance the positive influence of job resources on burnout. Research approach, design and method: Cross-sectional data was collected amongst employees at a tertiary education institution (N = 366).Main findings: The results of the structural equation modelling revealed significant positive relationships between work pressure, emotional demands and a lack of social support with burnout. Also, work pressure was related to all four recovery strategies and different job resources were associated with different recovery strategies. Finally, mastery experiences were the only recovery strategy that significantly predicted burnout. Practical/managerial implications: Employees are encouraged to engage in recovery strategies that will reduce their burnout levels, especially mastery experiences. Contribution/value-add: This study adds to the body of literature on effort recovery in South Africa. Very little empirical research has been done in South Africa regarding the use and benefits of different recovery strategies. Recommendations for future research are made.

scholarly journals Employees’ Job Characteristics and Job Crafting Behavior: The Mediating Role of Perceived Opportunities to Craft

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Jessica Van Wingerden ◽  
Rob Poell
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Dutch Health ◽  
The Relationship

The present study was designed to gain knowledge about the relationship between job characteristics in the workplace (job demands and job resources), employees’ perceived opportunities to craft, and subsequently their actual job crafting behavior. Specifically, the potential mediating role of perceived opportunities to craft could shed better light on the mechanisms that lead employees to job craft in the context of particular work characteristics. We collected data among a group of Dutch health care professionals working in an organization that offers care for patient with mental disabilities (N=522). Participants of the study reported their job demands; workload, emotional demands and work-home interference, their job resources; role clarity, communication and team cohesion, their perceived opportunities to craft, and their job crafting behavior. We tested the hypothesized antecedents of job crafting perceptions and behavior model with structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses. Results indicated that perceived opportunities to craft mediates the relationship between job resources and employees actual job crafting behavior. The insights provided in this study do not only build on job crafting literature but are also helpful to understand which aspects of the workplace influence employees’ job crafting behavior. Therefore, these insights may be useful for the deliberate cultivation of job crafting behavior within organizations.

scholarly journals Work-nonwork interference: Can ministers currently cope with increasing job demands against limited resources within South Africa?

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anso Van der Westhuizen ◽  
Eileen Koekemoer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
And Coping

Ministers of religion have a unique occupation with designated job demands and incongruous resources at their disposal. Literature indicates that stressors within the work environment are significant predictors of work-nonwork interference. Ministers play a key role within society and provide support for individuals on multiple levels. However, limited studies are found in South Africa focussing on ministers’ job characteristics related to work-nonwork interference, and how ministers cope. The main objective of this study was to investigate job demands and job resources as significant predictors of work-nonwork interference amongst ministers of religion, and to identify which coping strategies are most significant for ministers in dealing with work-nonwork interference. A cross-sectional survey design was used amongst ministers working in the three sister churches (N = 199). Various instruments were administered to measure job characteristics, work-nonwork interference and coping strategies empirically. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, product-moment correlations and multiple regression analyses. Results indicated that for ministers different job demands (i.e. cognitive demands and pace and amount of work) and job resources (i.e. financial support and job significance) significantly predicted work-parent, work-home and work-religion/spirituality interference. Results indicated turning to religion as the only significant coping strategy used by ministers to deal with work-parent interference and work-religion interference. Ministers of religion are continually exposed to increasing job demands and a lack of job resources, and therefore experience work-nonwork interference. Nevertheless, the ministers apparently cope by using the strategy best related to their profession, turning to religion/spirituality. Turning to religion/spirituality seems to be the most effective in dealing with work-nonwork interference.

scholarly journals De relatie tussen werkeisen, energiebronnen, spanning en werkplezier: een kwestie van leeftijd?

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Schreurs ◽  
Anja Van den Broeck ◽  
Guy Notelaers ◽  
Beate van der Heijden ◽  
Hans De Witte
Keyword(s):  
Job Strain ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Middle Group ◽  
Work Enjoyment ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between job demands, job resources, strain, and work enjoyment: a matter of age? The relationship between job demands, job resources, strain, and work enjoyment: a matter of age? Drawing on the Selection-Optimization-Compensation theory and the Job Demands-Resources model this study addresses the following research questions: (1) are there mean differences in the perceived levels of particular job characteristics between employees from different age groups; and (2) to what extent does the relationship between job characteristics and work outcomes (i.e., job strain and work enjoyment) differ across age groups? Data were collected from a sample of 15,464 employees, of which 3,850 were younger than 35 (young group), 7,273 were between 36 and 45 (middle group), and 4,341 were older than 45 (old group). Significant age differences were found in the levels of job characteristics: Young employees are most positive about their relationships with their colleagues and direct supervisor, and report to have the lowest levels of workload; employees from the middle group report to have the highest levels of role conflict; employees from the oldest age group perceive to have the highest levels of autonomy, and perceive more than other employees to be confronted with hindering changes at work. In addition, the strength of the relationship between job characteristics and work outcomes differed across age groups, although differences were rather small. From this we conclude that HR management should focus on creating high-quality jobs for all employees, young and old.

scholarly journals Retention of women accountants: The interaction of job demands and job resources

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Ribeiro ◽  
Anita Bosch ◽  
Jurgen Becker
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Voluntary Turnover ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Public Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Orientation: Most CEOs in South Africa are chartered accountants (CAs). Retaining women CAs might therefore lead to an increase in women in leadership. The Job Demands-Resources model presents a framework to investigate organisational job-related factors that promote or deter voluntary turnover of women CAs.Research purpose: The primary objective was to investigate which organisational factors promote or reduce the risk of turnover intentions for South African women CAs. The secondary objective was to investigate the moderating potential of job resources on the relationship between job demands and turnover intentions.Motivation for the study: There is a fair amount of research on the problems associated with the retention of women CAs in public practice but very little is known about how those problems interact with each other, and whether there are factors that could buffer them.Research design, approach, and method: The study consisted of a sample (n = 851) of women CAs in public practice firms nationally in South Africa. We used structural equation modelling together with moderated regression analysis.Main findings: Job demands promote turnover intentions, whereas job resources have a negative effect on turnover intentions. Counter-intuitively a negative direct effect was found between job insecurity and turnover intentions. Statistical support was found for the moderating role of all job resources, except financial advancement, on the relationship between work–family conflict and turnover intentions; and growth opportunities, on the relationship between job insecurity and turnover intentions.Practical/managerial implications: No job resource measured could buffer the impact of job overload on turnover intentions.Contribution: This is the first study to investigate factors that may retain women CAs in public practice audit, tax, and advisory firms (Big Four Accountancy Firms) using the JD-R model. Few studies have investigated the buffering effect of job resources on the relationship between job demands and turnover intentions in general.Keywords: gender; auditing; voluntary turnover; female; moderate; JD-R model

scholarly journals Examining Burnout and the Relationships Between Job Characteristics, Engagement, and Turnover Intention Among U.S. Educators

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402097236
Author(s):  
Mia B. Russell ◽  
Prince A. Attoh ◽  
Tyrone Chase ◽  
Tao Gong ◽  
Jinhee Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Underlying Processes

As a modern epidemic, burnout is the leading reason educators leave the profession. Guided by the job demands–resources theory, this study empirically examines the underlying processes associated with burnout and the direct relationships between job characteristics (i.e., job demands and job resources), turnover intention, and work engagement among a U.S. sample of educators ( n = 855). Although both job demands and job resources were positively related to work engagement, job demands had a stronger influence. Job demands and job resources were related to burnout; however, job resources had a stronger effect. Burnout mediated the relationship between job demands and work engagement as well as job resources and turnover intention. This study shows that job demands and job resources play an important role in burnout and work engagement. As a workplace phenomenon, addressing burnout requires leaders and managers to create organizational strategies that strengthen and support the work environment. Findings from this study may help inform practice and policy changes, including the intentional development of supportive work environments, carefully crafted positions with person-fit in mind, and effective monitored paid time off policies and processes. Other recommendations and future research are also offered.

Gender discrimination and job characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lonneke Dubbelt ◽  
Sonja Rispens ◽  
Evangelia Demerouti
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between gender discrimination and the perceived job demands and job resources of women and men. This is important because it may provide insight into what factors contribute to women’s disadvantaged position at work. Design/methodology/approach – Two cross-sectional studies were conducted, Study 1 in a male-dominated organization and Study 2 in a gender-balanced organization. Findings – The results showed that in both organizations, gender discrimination was positively associated with women’s job demands and negatively associated with their job resources. Additionally, in the male-dominated organization the perceived gender discrimination was also negatively associated with men’s job resources. Overall, the results were more consistent across the two organizations for women’s job resources. Originality/value – This paper links gender literature with the job demands-resources model to translate gender discrimination into quantifiable job characteristics and may provide alternative explanations for previous found gender differences in well-being and career success.

scholarly journals Are managers also ‘crafting leaders’? The link between organizational rank, autonomy, and job crafting

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Anna Roczniewska ◽  
Malwina Puchalska-Kamińska
Keyword(s):  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Abstract Although research has examined the role leaders may play in shaping job re-design behaviors among their subordinates, little is known about the way managers craft their jobs as compared to other employees. In two crosssectional studies we tested whether organizational rank affects the frequency of job crafting (H1), and to what extent this relationship is mediated via perceived autonomy (H2). Study 1 (N = 267) demonstrated that managers craft their jobs more frequently than non-managers by increasing structural job resources and seeking challenges at work. We also showed that autonomy explains the relationship between organizational rank and the frequency of increasing structural and social job demands, as well as seeking challenges. However, managers did not craft their jobs by decreasing job demands more often than regular employees. In Study 2 (N = 262) we replicated this pattern of results, subsequently demonstrating that managers with shorter tenure use their autonomy to craft their jobs via decreasing job demands. We discuss the contributions and potential implications of these results.

A Confirmatory Investigation of a Job Demands-Resources Model Using a Categorical Estimator

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon de Beer ◽  
Sebastiaan Rothmann ◽  
Jaco Pienaar
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Relationship

A confirmatory investigation of a job demands-resources model was conducted with alternative methods, in a sample of 15, 633 working adults aggregated from various economic sectors. The proposed model is in line with job demands-resources theory and assumes two psychological processes at work which are collectively coined “the dual process.” The first process, the energetic, presents that job demands lead to ill-health outcomes due to burnout. The second process, the motivational, indicates that job resources lead to organizational commitment due to work engagement. Structural equation modelling analyses were implemented with a categorical estimator. Mediation analyses of each of the processes included bootstrapped indirect effects and kappa-squared values to apply qualitative labels to effect sizes. The relationship between job resources and organizational commitment was mediated by engagement with a large effect. The relationship between job demands and ill-health was mediated by burnout with a medium effect. The implications of the results for theory and practice were discussed.

Kan het daderschap van pesterijen verklaard worden via het Job Demands-Resources model?

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfi Baillien ◽  
Nele Sijmens ◽  
Hans De Witte
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Job Demands And Resources

Can workplace bullying be explained by the Job Demands-Resources model? Can workplace bullying be explained by the Job Demands-Resources model? Workplace bullying leads to negative consequences and should be prevented. Studies investigating antecedents of bullying showed however two shortcomings. First, they mainly focused on targets, so little is known about perpetrators. Second, they rarely used theoretical frameworks to structure the antecedents. Therefore, this study aims to apply the Job Demands-Resources (JDR) model to being a perpetrator of bullying. We hypothesized that job demands related positively and job resources related negatively to being a perpetrator of bullying. We assumed an interaction effect between demands and resources and expected exhaustion to mediate the relationship between demands, resources and being a perpetrator. The results (N = 706) showed a significant interaction: job resources buffered the positive relation between job demands and being a perpetrator. No evidence was found for the direct effects and for exhaustion as a mediator. In summary, the JDR model is a valuable framework to explain being a perpetrator of bullying: job demands and resources interact in the prediction of being a perpetrator. Future studies may focus on other mediators that could explain this relationship.

Personal Resources Influence Job Demands, Resources, and Burnout: A One-year, Three-wave Longitudinal Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yansong Wang ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Xuqun You
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Job Demands And Resources

Our purpose in this 1-year, 3-wave longitudinal study was to investigate the relationships among job demands, job resources, personal resources, and job burnout in a group of 263 Chinese employees. Specifically, we examined the mediating role of personal resources in the relationships between job resources and job burnout, and between job demands and job burnout, as well as the reversed effect of job burnout on job demands and job resources. The results showed that job demands positively affected job burnout, whereas job and personal resources negatively affected job burnout over a 6-month period. Further, personal resources mediated the relationship between job resources and job burnout, but not that between job demands and job burnout. In addition, job burnout had a reversed effect on job demands and job resources. Implications are discussed in relation to balancing job demands and resources, and avoiding job burnout by utilizing personal resources.

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