Serum cholinesterase levels to predict all-cause mortality in a community-based study: The Takahata study

Introduction: Serum albumin (Alb) levels have been found to be independent predictors of all-cause mortality in a community-based population, but whether this is the case for serum cholinesterase (ChE) levels is uncertain. This study aimed to determine whether serum ChE levels are independent predictors of all-cause mortality in a community-based population. Methods: A total of 3,504 subjects (mean age 62.5 years) from Takahata, Japan participated and were followed up for 13.5 years (median 13.2 years). Based on baseline serum Alb and ChE levels, subjects were stratified by interquartile range as low, middle, and high. The correlation between serum Alb and ChE levels was examined by calculating correlation coefficients. The association between each group and all-cause mortality was examined by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results: During follow-up, 568 subjects died. There was a positive correlation between serum Alb and ChE levels (r=0.30). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that all-cause mortality in the low group was significantly higher for both serum Alb and ChE levels (log-rank P<0.01). Adjusted Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that the serum Alb level was not an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95-1.46 for all-cause mortality in the low group compared to the middle group), whereas the serum ChE level was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.06-1.59 for all-cause mortality in the low group compared to the middle group). Conclusion: The serum ChE level is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in the general community-based population.

Distal Insertion Rupture of Lateral Ankle Ligament as a Predictor of Weakened and Delayed Sports Recovery after Acute Ligament Repair: Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes of 148 Cases

Background Surgical repair has been considered for ankle sprain patients with high sports demanding to achieve stronger ankle stability and allow for an earlier return to sports. However, there is a lack of systematic research regarding arthroscopic treatment followed by ligament repair for severe acute ankle sprain. The purpose of this study was to analyze the mid- to long-term outcome of arthroscopy followed by open anatomic lateral ankle ligament repair surgery for acute lateral ankle sprain and the impact of ligament rupture site on the outcome. Methods 166 professional or semi-professional athletes with clinically- and radiologically-confirmed grade III acute lateral ankle ligament injuries underwent ankle arthroscopy followed by open anatomic ligament repair. Intra-articular lesions and rupture site of the lateral ankle ligament were treated and explored under arthroscopy. Simple suture repair was performed for mid- substance ligament rupture (middle group), while suture repair with anchors were used for the ruptures near the ligament attachment site on the fibular (proximal group), talar or the calcaneal side (distal group). The evaluation parameters included VAS score, AOFAS score, Tegner score, time to return to sports and resumption of pre-injury sports level at final follow-up, sprain recurrence and range of motion (ROM). Results The mean follow-up duration was 64.5 (range, 37–132 months) months and 148 (89.2%) patients were evaluated at final follow-up. Intra-articular lesions were treated under arthroscopy in 63 (43%) patients. The average time to return to pre-injury sports activity was 4.37 ± 1.10 months and 17 (11.5%) patients complaint sprain recurrence after operation. There were 71 (48%) cases in the proximal group, 46 (31%) cases in the middle group and 31 (21%) cases in the distal group respectively. The proximal group achieved shortest time to return to sports (4.14 ± 1.09 months) and highest resumption proportion of pre-injury sports level (94% ± 11%) at final follow-up, followed by middle group (89% ± 15%, 4.61 ± 0.93 months, respectively) and distal group (87% ± 13%, 4.53 ± 1.29 months, respectively) (p =0.008, p =0.04, respectively). At final follow-up, all of the VAS score, AOFAS score and the Tegner score were significantly improved from the pre-operative level (p < 0.001). 18 (12%) patients reported mild ROM restriction and 7 (4.7%) patients experienced transient skin numbness. Conclusions Ankle arthroscopy followed by open anatomic ligament repair is a reliable procedure for patients with high sports demands after severe acute ankle sprains. Rupture near the talar or calcaneal side weakened the sports resumption and delayed about 2 weeks of sports recovery.

BEHAVIOR OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN THE SOIL AND VEGETABLE COVER OF URBAN LANDSCAPES IN SOCHI

The geochemical regional specialization of the behavior of rare earth elements (REE) in the soils of Sochi, manifested in the predominance of REE of the middle group, has been established. The enrichment by the middle group of REE is inherited from the rocks (mainly clayey mudstones) of the territory. At the same time, the features of the distribution of REE, characteristic of natural soils, are not violated for soils formed under the conditions of technogenesis. This indicates that the pollution of urban soils is determined by a natural and technogenic factor. The sources of pollution are man-made sites and talus, which lack a soil-vegetation layer, including those recently formed during the preparation for the 2014 Winter Olympic Games and composed of the same material as the parent rocks, but significantly crushed and, accordingly, subject to active weathering. In mosses of the urban zone, in the eluvial landscape, the predominance of the middle group of REE is not observed. However, as we move down the slope, the REE distribution curve relative to the North American shale standardization becomes similar to the similar graph for soils and rocks. The relationship between the accumulation of elements in mosses, and in soils and underlying rocks is revealed when considering the features of fractionation of REE in mosses of the super-aquatic landscape.

Productivity and Distribution of Fish Aggregation Devices (FADs) in Outer Ambon Bay Waters, Indonesia

Distribution of small pelagis fish in FADs, and produktivity of FADs in AmFADs are usually used by fishermen to concentrate fish for an efficient catching activity. However, the number, distance, and distribution in the waters need to be assessed in relation to the productivity of the FADs in order to maintain the sustainability. This study was aimed to map the distribution of FADs; to analyze the distribution of species, number and size of fish associated with FADs; and to calculate FAD productivity based on distribution in the Outer Ambon Bay waters. Data was obtained by observation and interview. Field observation, including: coordinates and number of FADs, species, number and size of fish. The distance and distribution of FADs, was mapped using software (Argis web), while the productivity of FADs was analyzed base on catch per unit effort (CPUE). The result, FAD in Outer Ambon Bay waters was found 25 unit and the average distance of FAD was obtained 0.47 nautical miles, and the placement of the device was irregular. The placement pattern of FADs were generally straight to coastline. Small pelagic fish was found 7 species and the 5 of the dominant species were obtained Decapterus sp, Selar crumenophthalmus, Rastreliger sp, Sardinella sp and Selaroides sp. The species were unevenly spread at each FAD with quite varied sizes. FAD productivity showed that the highest productivity was found in the middle group FAD at Ambon Bay waters.Keywords: Distance, size, small pelagis, productivitybon Bay

Purulent-septic complications in patient with renal calyx diverticulum

The calyx diverticulum is a cavity lined with urothelium that communicates through a narrow canal with the renal calyx-pelvis system. Most calyx diverticula are 0.5 to 2.0 cm in diameter and require surgical treatment exclusively for clinical manifestations of associated diseases. The most common complications of this nosology include urolithiasis and recurrent urinary tract infections. This article presents a rare case of a large diverticulum of the middle group of the calyces of the left kidney. The dimensions of the cavity filled with urine were 10 cm, which resulted in recurrent pyelonephritis, paranephritis and urosepsis.

EVALUATION OF CITATION TRENDS BY ANALYSING PAPERS OF AN ISSUE OF THE JOURNAL SCIENTOMETRICS

The citation indicators of the research papers, published in a random issue of the journal Scientometrics , are analyzed. These papers, published at the same date, can be correctly ranked according to the citations accumulated by May 1, 2021. A significant variation in the citation of the papers was found. The article analyzes both the subject matter and structure of the leading papers, papers from the middle group, as well as papers from the outsider group. It is shown that the largest citation values are achieved by the papers dealing with gender issues in science, the development of methods for processing large amounts of scientific information, as well as issues of publication and publishing policy. The relationship between citation and demand for articles is investigated.

Analysis of the Correlation Between the Tissue Metabolism of Sodium Alginate Microspheres and the Interventional Therapy of Liver Cancer

To explore the tissue metabolism of sodium alginate microspheres in treating liver cancer using alginate microspheres. Rabbit liver cancer model was established by direct inoculation of liver cancer tissues. Rabbits of experimental group were treated with hepatic arterial embolization (HAE) as follows: sodium alginate microspheres was injected through femoral artery to three targeting sites which was 0.5 cm (proximal group), 2 cm (middle group), and 3.5 cm (distal group) far from the lesion, respectively, to block the tumor’s nutrient supply. Short-term clinical efficacy, 3 month survival rate, 6-month mortality rate, 1-year survival rate, and adverse reactions were used as parameters to analyze the prognosis. The complete remission rates of proximal group, middle group, and distal group was 80%, 40%, and 20%, respectively. The complete remission rate of proximal group was significantly higher than other two groups, and the complete remission rate of middle group was significantly higher than distal group (P < 0.05). In terms of progress, a significant difference was observed between proximal group and distal group (P < 0.01). 3-month and 1-year survival rates were increased along with decrease of distance from injection position to the lesion with a correlation equation of y = −15.567x + 104.47 (R2 = 0.9429) and y = −13.333x + 91.133 (R2 =0.9639). Six-month mortality rate decreased along with the decrease of distance from injection position to the lesion with the correlation equation of y = 15.343x−5.9967 (R2 = 0.9943). The prognosis is correlated with the injection position of alginate microspheres. The closer the injection position to the lesion, the better prognosis.

Mineralogical-Petrographic Study of the Thaba Mine, Western Bushveld (South Africa)

Here we present results of a detailed petrographic and mineralogical study of rock textures in a vertical profile through the Middle Group chromitite layers at the Thaba mine in the north-western part of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa

Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Terhadap Tingkat Kesejahteraan Masyarakat di Kabupaten Bantul

Education is one of the keys someone in improve their life.Education someone able to perform social mobility, like a from those can do the down to the middle group up since schooling ditempuhnya have of that he get job. But, conditions on the ground now cannot be entirely describe the state of society.Research aims to understand what factors melatar such recognition of the importance of educated at Kabupaten Bantul and to know the education level the end of concerning the economic welfare in kabupaten Bantul.This research used the quantitative type. This research used the quantitative kind of stressing the analysis on data-data numerical (figures) mixed with statistika method. To know relations , used statistical tests using the correlation product moment. The result showed that is no link between the level of education ( TP ) for the welfare of (Ks)