Color changes after tooth bleaching with ozone and 10% ozonized carbamide peroxide for in-office use

Burst release of carbamide peroxide (CP) from traditional hydrogels causes severe inflammation to periodontal tissues. The present study explores the development of a novel CP nanoemulgel (CP-NG), an oil-in-water nanoemulsion-based gel in which CP was loaded with a view to controlling CP release. CP solid dispersions were prepared, using white soft paraffin or polyvinylpyrrolidone-white soft paraffin mixture as a carrier, prior to formulating nanoemulsions. It was found that carrier type and the ratio of CP to carrier affected drug crystallinity. Nanoemulsions formulated from the optimized CP solid dispersions were used to prepare CP-NG. It was found that the ratio of drug to carrier in CP solid dispersions affected the particle size and zeta potential of the nanoemulsions as well as drug release behavior and tooth bleaching efficacy of CP-NG. Drug release from CP-NG followed a first-order kinetic reaction and the release mechanism was an anomalous transport. Drug release rate decreased with an increase in solid dispersion carriers. CP-NG obtained from the solid dispersion with a 1:1 ratio of CP to the polymer mixture is suitable for sustaining drug release with high tooth bleaching efficacy and without reduction of enamel microhardness. The developed CP-NG is a promising potential tooth bleaching formulation.

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Combination of at-home and in-office bleaching techniques: case series

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-863720200003620190149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

Author(s):

Marcela Alvarez FERRETTI ◽

Matheus KURY ◽

Beatriz Curvello de MENDONÇA ◽

Marcelo GIANNINI ◽

Vanessa CAVALLI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Case Series ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Tooth Sensitivity ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Shade Guide ◽

At Home

ABSTRACT Tooth bleaching is one of the most conservative aesthetic techniques. At-home and in-office bleaching may be performed, as well as the combination of both techniques. As this combination may be done in different manners, distinct orders of combinations were proposed in this report. A 24 years-old man, whose upper central incisor and canine shades were A2 and A3 respectively, was initially treated by chair-side with 40-min application of 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for two sessions. Afterwards, an two-week overnight at-home bleaching was performed with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). The shade of upper central incisors changed to 1M1 and canine was B1. Conversely, a 30 years-old woman was firstly conducted with at-home bleaching (overnight 4-weeks 10% CP) and, subsequently, with a single appointment of in-office bleaching for 45 minutes (35% HP). The shade of her upper central incisor changed from A1 to 0.5M1 and the upper canine from A3 to B1. The VITA classical (A1-D4) shade guide and VITA Bleached guide 3D-MASTER were used to determine the tooth color during the treatments. In both bleaching treatments, patients reported no significant tooth sensitivity and the final outcomes met their expectation.

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3D Surface Profile and Color Stability of Tooth Colored Filling Materials after Bleaching

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/327289 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bryant Anthony Irawan ◽

Stacey Natalie Irawan ◽

Sam’an Malik Masudi ◽

Ninin Sukminingrum ◽

Mohammad Khursheed Alam

Keyword(s):

Surface Profile ◽

Color Stability ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Color Changes ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Atomic Force ◽

3D Surface ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Dental Restorative

This study aims to evaluate the effects of vital tooth bleaching with carbamide peroxide home bleaching and in-office bleaching on the color stability and 3D surface profile of dental restorative filling materials. Thirty discs (n=30) measure 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick for each of three restorative materials. These are nanofilled composite Filtek Z350 XT, the submicron composite EsteliteΣQuick, and nanofilled glass ionomer Ketac N100 nanoionomer and were fabricated in shade A2. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n=10): subgroup A (Opalescence PF), subgroup B (Opalescence Boost in-office bleaching), and subgroup C (distilled water) serving as control. Samples were bleached according to the manufacturer’s instructions for a period of two weeks. The Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIEL*,a*,b*) system was chosen for image processing, while 3D surface profile was tested with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Statistical analyses were performed with the Mann-Whitney tests and Krusal-Wallis with aPvalue of ≤0.05. The three restorative materials showed significant color changes (ΔE);P≤0.05. In diminishing order, the mean color changes recorded were EsteliteΣ(3.82 ± 1.6) > Ketac Nano (2.97 ± 1.2) > Filtek Z350 XT (2.25 ± 1.0). However, none of the tested materials showed statistically significant changes in surface roughness;P>0.05.

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Effects of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Administration on Dental Sensitivity during In-Office and At-Home Interventions

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj6040052 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 52 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Giacomo Oldoini ◽

Antonino Bruno ◽

Anna Genovesi ◽

Luca Parisi

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽

Potassium Fluoride ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Casein Phosphopeptides ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1 ◽

At Home

Background. Tooth bleaching is the most frequently employed whitening procedure in clinics. The major side effect of tooth bleaching is dental sensitivity during and after the treatment. Here, we evaluated whether the administration of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), during in-office and at-home procedures may impact on dental sensitivity. Methods. Eighty patients, responding to the study requirements were enrolled according to the following criteria. Group 1 (n = 40), received in-office, 10% ACP prior to 30% professional hydrogen peroxide application. The whitening procedure continued at home using 10% carbamide peroxide with 15% ACP for 15 days. Group 2 (n = 40) received only 30% hydrogen peroxide application and continued the whitening procedures at home, using 10% carbamide hydroxide, without ACP- Casein phosphopeptides (CPP), for 15 days. Dental sensitivity was recorded with a visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline, immediately after, and at 15 days after treatment in the two groups. Results. We observed that patients receiving ACP in the bleaching mixture experienced decreased dental sensitivity (* p ≤ 0.05), as detected by VAS scale analysis immediately following the procedures. Patients receiving ACP-CPP during at-home procedures showed a statistically significant (*** p ≤ 0.0001) reduction of dental sensitivity. Conclusions. We demonstrated that ACP-CPP administration, while exerting the same whitening effects as in control subjects receiving potassium fluoride (PF), had an impact on the reduction of dental sensitivity, improving patient compliance.

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High-concentration carbamide peroxide can reduce the sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0573 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Aline Carvalho PEIXOTO ◽

Savil Costa VAEZ ◽

Natalia Andrade de Resende PEREIRA ◽

Carla Nogueira da Silva SANTANA ◽

Karla Danielly Alves SOARES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

High Concentration ◽

Randomized Controlled

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Over-the-Counter Products on Tooth Whitening

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-64402013x0111 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 373-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Muhammet Karadas ◽

Zeynep Yesil Duymus

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Tooth Whitening ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Color Changes ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cielab System

<p>This <italic>in vitro</italic> study evaluated the whitening effect of four different over-the-counter products compared with a 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel. Specimens obtained from bovine incisors were stained in a tea solution and randomly divided into six groups according to the product used (n=10): CT: conventional toothpaste (negative control); CWT: Crest 3D White toothpaste; CWR: Crest 3D White mouth rinse; CWS: Crest 3D White strips; DW: Dazzling White (paint-on gel); and OP: Opalescence PF 10% CP (at-home bleaching gel, positive control). Over-the-counter products and 10% CP were used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Color measurements were performed according to the CIELab system using spectrophotometer after staining, and after 4 and 8 weeks of the treatment procedure. The ∆E, ∆L, ∆a, and ∆b values were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA. Tukey's test for multiple comparisons was applied (p<0.05). All groups, except CWT, were effective in tooth whitening in comparison with conventional toothpaste. There was no significant difference in tooth whitening between CWT and CT (p=0.93). CWS, DW and OP groups presented significantly higher color changes than the CWR group. DW and CWS showed similar tooth whitening to OP.</p>

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Brushing Effect of Abrasive Dentifrices during At-home Bleaching with 10% Carbamide Peroxide on Enamel Surface Roughness

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-7-1-25 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 25-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Luís Roberto Marcondes Martins ◽

Claudia Cia Worschech ◽

José Augusto Rodrigues ◽

Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Enamel Surface ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Human Enamel ◽

Over Time ◽

At Home

Abstract During tooth bleaching abrasive dentifrices might change the outer superficial enamel. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the roughness of human enamel exposed to a 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent at different times and submitted to different superficial cleaning treatments. The study consisted of 60 sound human enamel slabs, randomly assigned to different treatment groups: G1 - not brushed; G2 - brushed with a fluoride abrasive dentifrice; G3 - brushed with a non-fluoride abrasive dentifrice; and G4 - brushed without a dentifrice. There were 15 enamel slabs per group. Slabs of molar teeth were obtained and sequentially polished with sandpaper and abrasive pastes. A perfilometer was used to obtain the mean of Ra value on the surface of each specimen to initial and experimental times. Bleaching was performed on the enamel surface for six hours daily. After that, each slab received a cleaning surface treatment and was stored in artificial saliva. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD hoc analysis (α =0.05) revealed significant differences in roughness values over time for enamel bleached and treated with different superficial cleaning methods. G1 and G4 showed no significant differences in roughness over time, G2 and G3 showed a significant increase in the surface roughness values. This in vitro investigation showed the sole use of 10% carbamide peroxide did not alter the enamel surface roughness, but the cleaning treatments that employed the use of brushing with abrasive dentifrices resulted in a significant increase of enamel surface roughness. Citation Worschech CC, Rodrigues JA, Martins LRM, Ambrosano GMB. Brushing Effect of Abrasive Dentifrices during At-home Bleaching with 10% Carbamide Peroxide on Enamel Surface Roughness. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:025-034.

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COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO 10% CARBAMIDE PEROXIDE TOOTH-BLEACHING SYSTEMS USING SPECTROPH OTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS

Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry ◽

10.1111/j.1708-8240.2004.tb00071.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 375-376

Author(s):

Van B. Haywood

Keyword(s):

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Comparison Of Effectiveness

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Impact of Bioactive Glass-Based Toothpaste on Color Properties and Surface Microhardness of Bleached Enamel

European Journal of General Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1732773 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Raíssa Manoel Garcia ◽

Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior ◽

Jéssica Dias Theobaldo ◽

Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar ◽

Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Glass ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Enamel Surface ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Surface Microhardness ◽

Color Changes ◽

Knoop Microhardness ◽

Bovine Enamel

Abstract Objectives The role of toothpaste used during aesthetic treatments is rarely investigated. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a bioactive glass-based toothpaste (BGT) used before or after the dental bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Materials and Methods Bovine enamel blocks (4 × 4 mm; n = 12) were submitted to tooth bleaching and different treatments/storage, before or after HP, based on: (1) no toothpaste and immersion in artificial saliva (AS) after HP for 24 hours, 7 days, or 14 days (control); (2) daily BGT use and AS storage for 7 or 14 days (after HP); and (3) daily BGT use and AS storage for 7 or 14 days (prior to HP). Surface and in-depth color were determined using the CIE L*a*b* system (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE) on enamel surface and underlying dentin. The surface microhardness (SMH) was evaluated using a Knoop microhardness tester. Statistical Analysis Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) (color variables), repeated measures ANOVA (SMH), and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results The color changes on the enamel or underlying dentin were not statistically different among the groups (p > 0.05). Twenty-four hours after HP presented a decrease in SMH differing from baseline (p < 0.01). This decrease did not occur in the groups previously exposed to BGT (p > 0.05). BGT use after HP for 7 days differed from group with exclusive AS storage (p < 0.05). Conclusion In-office tooth bleaching can decrease the microhardness of enamel surface; however, the use of BGT promotes the protection or enables the mineral recovery of tooth without the influence the bleaching efficacy.

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Dental bleaching with and without LED/Laser association: a split-mouth controlled study

Revista Brasileira de Odontologia ◽

10.18363/rbo.v73n4.p.267 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 73 (4) ◽

pp. 267

Author(s):

André Manoel Lima da Fonseca ◽

Inger Campos Tuñas ◽

Fábio Vidal ◽

Fábio Ramôa Pires ◽

Lucio Souza Gonçalves

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Dental Bleaching ◽

Color Changes ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Color Scale ◽

Bleaching Procedure ◽

Visual Color

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare dental color changes after a one-session tooth bleaching procedure using 35% hydrogen peroxide with and without hybrid light (LED/diode laser) activation. Material and Methods: 20 volunteers were included in a split-mouth controlled clinical trial. A 35% hydrogen peroxide gel was applied directly on the buccal surface and adjacent areas of all upper anterior teeth. The six teeth were divided into two groups: the upper right incisors and canine were submitted to the tooth bleaching with the gel and the hybrid light (LED/diode laser) while the left incisors and canine were submitted to tooth bleaching with only the gel. Dental color was measured with a visual color scale and a spectrophotometer at five different moments: initial appointment, immediately after prophylaxis, and 14, 30 and 180 days after bleaching. Results: The comparison between the results of both treatments (with and without LED/laser) did not show any statistically significant differences (p > 0.05; Wilcoxon’s test) neither for objective (spectrophotometer) nor for subjective evaluations (visual color scale). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that there are no differences in dental color changes between dental bleaching with gel and LED/Laser activation and dental bleaching with only gel.

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