scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Over-the-Counter Products on Tooth Whitening

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammet Karadas ◽  
Zeynep Yesil Duymus
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cielab System

<p>This <italic>in vitro</italic> study evaluated the whitening effect of four different over-the-counter products compared with a 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel. Specimens obtained from bovine incisors were stained in a tea solution and randomly divided into six groups according to the product used (n=10): CT: conventional toothpaste (negative control); CWT: Crest 3D White toothpaste; CWR: Crest 3D White mouth rinse; CWS: Crest 3D White strips; DW: Dazzling White (paint-on gel); and OP: Opalescence PF 10% CP (at-home bleaching gel, positive control). Over-the-counter products and 10% CP were used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Color measurements were performed according to the CIELab system using spectrophotometer after staining, and after 4 and 8 weeks of the treatment procedure. The ∆E, ∆L, ∆a, and ∆b values were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA. Tukey's test for multiple comparisons was applied (p<0.05). All groups, except CWT, were effective in tooth whitening in comparison with conventional toothpaste. There was no significant difference in tooth whitening between CWT and CT (p=0.93). CWS, DW and OP groups presented significantly higher color changes than the CWR group. DW and CWS showed similar tooth whitening to OP.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Toothpaste Application Prior to Dental Bleaching on Whitening Effectiveness and Enamel Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. E29-E38 ◽  
Author(s):  
WF Vieira-Junior ◽  
DANL Lima ◽  
CPM Tabchoury ◽  
GMB Ambrosano ◽  
FHB Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Bleaching ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Physical Surface

SUMMARY Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on the enamel properties and effectiveness of bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) when applying toothpastes with different active agents prior to dental bleaching. Methods Seventy enamel blocks (4 × 4 × 2 mm) were submitted to in vitro treatment protocols in a tooth-brushing machine (n=10): with distilled water and exposure to placebo gel (negative control [NC]) or HP bleaching (positive control [PC]); and brushing with differing toothpastes prior to HP bleaching, including potassium nitrate toothpaste (PN) containing NaF, conventional sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste (FT), arginine-based toothpastes (PA and SAN), or a toothpaste containing bioactive glass (NM). Color changes were determined using the CIE L*a*b* system (ΔE, ΔL, Δa, and Δb), and a roughness (Ra) analysis was performed before and after treatments. Surface microhardness (SMH) and cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH) were analyzed after treatment. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA for Ra, one-way ANOVA (SMH, ΔE, ΔL, Δa, and Δb), split-plot ANOVA (CSMH), and Tukey post hoc test (α&lt;0.05). The relationship between the physical surface properties and color properties was evaluated using a multivariate Canonical correlation analysis. Results Color changes were statistically similar in the bleached groups. After treatments, SMH and CSMH decreased in PC. SMH increased significantly in the toothpaste groups vs the negative and positive control (NM &gt; PA = SAN &gt; all other groups) or decreased HP effects (CSMH). Ra increased in all bleached groups, with the exception of NM, which did not differ from the NC. The variation in the color variables (ΔL, Δa, and Δb) explained 21% of the variation in the physical surface variables (Ra and SMH). Conclusion The application of toothpaste prior to dental bleaching did not interfere with the effectiveness of treatment. The bioactive glass based toothpaste protected the enamel against the deleterious effects of dental bleaching.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS BUAH STROBERI (Fragaria x ananassa) DENGAN BUAH JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia) SEBAGAI BAHAN ALAMI PEMUTIH GIGI SECARA IN VITRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Nia Nurhaeni ◽  
Denas Symond ◽  
Bambang Ristiono
Keyword(s):  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lime Concentration

One of the aesthetic problem which had bother and become a complaint was teeth discoloration that can be overcome by dental bleaching procedures. The use of tooth whitening ingredient can cause side effects such as tooth sensitivity and mucous irritation. Therefore, many researchers have been looking for a safer alternatives materials  to be used as tooth whitening ingredients including Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) contain of elegat acid and malic acid and Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) contain of citric acid which have potential to whiten the teeth. The purpose of this research is to determine differences strawberry and lime fruit as a natural ingredient of tooth whitening. This research used in vitro laboratory experiment method by using 30 post-extraction premolar on teeth divided into three groups, namely the treatment of strawberry concentration of 100% (K1), the treatment group lime concentration of  2.5% (K2 ) and the treatment control group carbamide peroxide 10% (K3). Color changes measurements was observed pretest and posttest by 15 observers using Shade Guide VITAPAN classical. The research showed that strawberry concentration of 100% have an average difference in the color of teeth is 6.40, lime concentration of 2.5 at 6.20 and carbamide peroxide 10% as the control group amounted to 3.20. Based on the Kruskal Wallis test there are differences in the average value of the observation color of the teeth was significant (P <0.05) and continued with different test further the Post Hoc Test Mann Whitney gained significant difference (p> 0.05) between treatment groups strawberry 100% with carbamide peroxide 10%, lime and 2.5% carbamide peroxide 10%, while among the treatment groups strawberries 100% with 2.5% lime fruit is not significantly different because it has a value of p> 0.05. Strawberry concentration of 100% more effective to whiten teeth than lime concentration of 2.5%, but there is no significant difference in teeth whitening, while lime is more effective than carbamide peroxide 10%. Keywords:Strawberry, lime, carbamide peroxide 10%, tooth whitening.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness Differences Between Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Extract 100% and Carbamide Peroxide Gel 10% in Tooth Whitening (ex vivo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Any Setyawati ◽  
Syifa Nabila Farah Fauziah Nur
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Discoloration can be caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. One of the discoloration treatments is teeth whitening. Teeth whitening process usually uses chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide which can cause side effects, namely gingival irritation. Previous research has found that malic acid in strawberries can whiten teeth. Watermelons contain greater malic acid than strawberries. Objective: To analyze the  effectiveness of 100% watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) extract on teeth whitening. Methods: The study was a laboratory experimental study with a total of 15 anterior post-extraction teeth which were discolored using black tea, divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was immersed in 100% watermelon extract, group 2 was immersed in 10% carbamide peroxide as positive control and group 3 was immersed in sterile aquades as negative control, for 56 hours, measured using a shade guide and spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using one way Anova. Results: The 100% watermelon extract was effective for teeth whitening. There was a significant difference between 100% watermelon extract compared to negative control (p < 0.05). However, there was also a significant difference between 100% watermelon extract, and 10% carbamide peroxide gel (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The watermelon extract has the ability as teeth whitening agent. However, further study is still needed to explore this result and determine the proper concentration for teeth whitening.

Evaluating Dentin Surface Treatments for Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Imbery ◽  
A Namboodiri ◽  
A Duncan ◽  
R Amos ◽  
AM Best ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Band Matrices ◽  
Dentin Surface ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Significant Difference

SUMMARY This in vitro study evaluated the effect of six surface treatments on the shear bond strength of three resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGIs) to dentin. Occlusal surfaces of caries-free third molars were reduced to expose only dentin. Surface treatments were smear layer intact (negative control), Cavity Conditioner, EDTA, Ketac Primer, Self Conditioner, and etching with 35% phosphoric acid followed by the application of Optibond Solo Plus. Filtek Z250 composite resin bonded with Optibond Solo Plus served as a positive control. Conditioning agents were used according to the manufacturers' instructions. After surface treatments, Fuji II LC, Riva LC, Ketac Nano, and Filtek Z250 were placed in copper-band matrices 5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height and were light-cured for 20 seconds. Specimens were stored in 100% humidity for 24 hours, after which they were placed in deionized water for 24 hours at 37°C. They were then tested under shear forces in an Instron Universal Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. A two-way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference statistical analyses (p&lt;0.05) indicated significant interaction between RMGIs and conditioning agents. Acid etching followed by Optibond Solo Plus provided highest bond strengths for all three RMGIs, which were not statistically different from the positive control.

Effect of Different Intermediary Bases on Microleakage of a Restorative Material in Class II Box Cavities of Primary Teeth

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faika Y. Abdelmegid ◽  
Fouad S. Salama ◽  
Waleed M. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Saud K. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Sultan O. Baghazal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the effect of different intermediary bases on microleakage between tooth and a nanocomposite interface in Class II box cavities in primary teeth. Methods Standard Class II box cavities were prepared in 52 primary molars and randomly divided into 9 groups according to the intermediary base used (Multicore Flow, Fuji II LC, SDR, Smart Dentin Replacement, and Biodentine). All specimens were subjected to thermocycling and prepared for microleakage testing and evaluation. Results There was significant difference in the mean ranks of microleakage between the 9 groups, which was observed in the gingival side (p<0.0001) and the occlusal side (p<0.0001). The mean ranks microleakage was significantly higher with experimental SDR, experimental Multicore Flow, and positive control materials when compared with the other 6 groups. The microleakage mean ranks were statistically significantly lower in experimental Fuji II LC, experimental Biodentine, and all negative control groups when compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions Microleakage is affected by the application of intermediate material. Experimental Biodentine and Fuji II LC showed the lowest microleakage while experimental SDR and experimental Multicore Flow showed the highest microleakage.

scholarly journals Cleaved CD31 as a target for in vivo molecular imaging of inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Vigne ◽  
Sylvie Bay ◽  
Rachida Aid-Launais ◽  
Guillaume Pariscoat ◽  
Guillaume Rucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Biodistribution Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThere is a need for new targets to specifically localize inflammatory foci, usable in a wide range of organs. Here, we hypothesized that the cleaved molecular form of CD31 is a suitable target for molecular imaging of inflammation. We evaluated a bioconjugate of D-P8RI, a synthetic peptide that binds all cells with cleaved CD31, in an experimental rat model of sterile acute inflammation. Male Wistar rats were injected with turpentine oil into the gastrocnemius muscle two days before 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI (or its analogue with L-Proline) SPECT/CT or [18F]FDG PET/MRI. Biodistribution, stability study, histology, imaging and autoradiography of 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI were further performed. Biodistribution studies revealed rapid elimination of 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI through renal excretion with almost no uptake from most organs and excellent in vitro and in vivo stability were observed. SPECT/CT imaging showed a significant higher 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake compared with its analogue with L-Proline (negative control) and no significant difference compared with [18F]FDG (positive control). Moreover, autoradiography and histology revealed a co-localization between 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI uptake and inflammatory cell infiltration. 99mTc-HYNIC-D-P8RI constitutes a new tool for the detection and localization of inflammatory sites. Our work suggests that targeting cleaved CD31 is an attractive strategy for the specific in vivo imaging of inflammatory processes.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Whole and Fat-Free Fluoridated Milk, Applied before or after Acid Challenge, against Dental Erosion

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza P.S. Cassiano ◽  
Senda Charone ◽  
Juliana G. Souza ◽  
Ligia C. Leizico ◽  
Juliano P. Pessan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Protective Treatment

This study analysed in vitro the effect of milk against dental erosion, considering three factors: the type of milk (bovine whole/fat-free), the presence of different fluoride concentrations and the time of application (before/after erosive challenge). Bovine enamel (n = 15/group) and root dentine (n = 12/group) specimens were submitted to the following treatments: after the first erosive challenge - 0.9% NaCl solution (negative control), whole milk with 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 ppm F, fat-free milk with 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 ppm F, and 0.05% NaF solution (positive control); before the first erosive challenge - whole milk with 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 ppm F, fat-free milk with 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 ppm F, and 0.05% NaF solution (positive control). Specimens were submitted to demineralisation-remineralisation regimes 4 times/day for 5 days. The response variables were enamel and dentine loss (in micrometres). Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's test (p < 0.05). For enamel, whole milk containing 10 ppm F, applied before the erosive challenge, was the most protective treatment, but with no significant difference compared with the same treatment carried out after the erosive challenge. For dentine, whole fluoridated milk (all concentrations, after), fat-free 10 ppm F milk (after, before) and whole milk with or without F (except 2.5 ppm F, all before) significantly reduced dentine erosion. It seems that the presence of fluoride, especially at 10 ppm, is the most important factor in reducing dental erosion.

scholarly journals The antifungal effect of roselle calyx extract on Trichophyton rubrum growth in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
SITA AULIA SARI ◽  
RUBEN DHARMAWAN ◽  
PARAMASARI DIRGAHAYU
Keyword(s):  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
One Way Anova

Sari SA, Dharmawan R, Dirgahayu P. 2012. The antifungal effect of roselle calyx extract on Trichophyton rubrum growth in vitro. Biofarmasi 10: 17-22. Dermatophytosis is a fungal infection on skin that one of them caused by Trichophyton rubrum. Dermatophytosis treatment by using chemical drugs has many shortcomings, such as a high cost and a drug resistance. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx content was flavonoid, which have an antifungal effect. Flavonoids on roselle calyx include anthocyanin, gossypeptin (hexahydroxyflavone) 3-glucoside, flavonol glucoside hibiscritin, flavonoid gossypeptin, delphinidine 3-monoglucoside, cyanidin 3-monoglucoside. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of roselle calyx on Trichophyton rubrum growth in vitro. The study was performed as an experimental laboratory. The object of study was T. rubrum. The sample of T. rubrum colonies in this study was taken by a random sampling. The study used T. rubrum colonies on seven Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates. Each plate had four holes. Each hole was filled by aquadest as a negative control, fluconazole 25 µg/mL as a positive control, and various roselle calyx extract concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). The plates were incubated in an incubator with a temperature of 25oC for 7 days and measured for the diameter of roselle calyx extract inhibition effect. The data were collected and analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Least Significance Difference (LSD) tests on SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The result of One-way ANOVA test showed that there was a difference of inhibition diameter mean among all of the various roselle calyx extract concentration groups (p<0.05). The diameter of roselle calyx extract inhibition effect increased for each concentration up to 50%. The inhibition diameter of positive control compared to 20% roselle calyx extract concentration had no a significant difference. The study was concluded that roselle calyx extract has an antifungal effect to T. rubrum growth in vitro.

scholarly journals Análise da eficácia de dentifrícios clareadores e seus efeitos na superfície dental: um estudo in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Eduardo Monteiro Toschi ◽  
Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow ◽  
Luísa Weber Mercado ◽  
Rafael Melara ◽  
Sandra Liana Henz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Color System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Tooth whitening can be performed at the dental office, at-home or upon the use of OTC (Over-the-Counter) products. Among the latter, there are whitening toothpastes that promise to bleach and to prevent tooth staining. Objectives: (1) to investigate the bleaching and abrasive potential of different whitening dentifrices to enamel; and (2) to evaluate the effect of Oral-B 3D White Perfection® (Oral-B) toothpaste in preventing staining. Materials and Methods: Bovine enamel samples were stained and brushed for 14 days with water (negative control) or with different products: Colgate Total 12® (control), Oral-B, Sensodyne Branqueador Extra Fresh® (Sensodyne), and Colgate Luminous White Advanced® (Colgate). Oral-B was also tested before and after staining. The samples were tested by their color (spectrophotometer) and surface roughness (profilometer). Color change (ΔDE00) was calculated using the CIEDE2000 color system. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, SNK, and Mann-Whitney tests (ɑ=5%). Results: The negative control showed the lowest ΔE00 (p

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