Premolar extraction in orthodontics: Does it have any effect on patient′s facial height?

Introduction: To evaluate and compare the vertical changes in patients treated orthodontically with or without different patterns of premolars extraction. Materials & Method: The lateral cephalograms of 112 orthodontically treated patients were categorized into four groups of 28 each based upon extraction strategy. Cephalometric analysis comprised of 3 angular and 8 linear measurements were used to analyze vertical changes from pre- to post treatment. Result: Active orthodontic treatment with or without various premolar extraction therapies led to a statistically significantly increase in the anterior facial height. Second premolar extraction resulted in significantly greater forward movement of the maxillary and mandibular first molars compared to non-extraction therapy. Conclusion: Active orthodontic treatment resulted in no significant changed in maxillary to mandibular (MM) angle with or without extraction therapy.

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Comprehensive Orthodontic Treatment with Maxillary Expansion and Premolar Extraction for an Adolescent Patient with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Clinical Journal of Korean Association of Orthodontists ◽

10.33777/cjkao.2020.10.4.251 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 251-263

Author(s):

Seung-Weon Lim ◽

Sung Ja Kang ◽

Hyun-Hee Choo ◽

Min-Hee Oh ◽

Kyung-Min Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Adolescent Patient ◽

Maxillary Expansion ◽

Premolar Extraction

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Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.10.7614 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (10) ◽

pp. 3649-3653

Author(s):

David Angelescu ◽

Teodora Angelescu ◽

Meda Romana Simu ◽

Alexandrina Muntean ◽

Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Craniofacial Morphology ◽

Respiratory Pattern ◽

Control Group ◽

Upper Lip ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Oral Breathing ◽

Facial Height ◽

Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

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Variations in Facial Anthropometric Measurements among Major Ethnic Groups in Nigeria: A 3-Dimentional Stereophotogrammetry Analysis

FACE ◽

10.1177/27325016211029013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 273250162110290

Author(s):

Adegbayi Adeola Adekunle ◽

Abiodun Yusuff Olowo ◽

Moses Adetona ◽

Olutayo James ◽

Olawale Olatubosun Adamson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Group ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Imaging System ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Facial Height ◽

3D Photogrammetry

Objectives: The aim of the study is to highlight variations in facial anthropometric measurements among the major ethnic groups in Nigeria using 3D photogrammetry. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Lagos, Nigeria. Acquisition of 3D facial photographs was done using a Vectra H1 portable 3D photogrammetry imaging system. Descriptive analysis of collected data was done and a test of associations performed using independent samples t-test. The level of significance was set at <.05. Results: The total number of participants in this study was 503. The study population was made up of 302 (60%) males and 201 (40%) females. Mean upper facial height among Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa, and other ethnic groups were 68.93 ± 5.85, 70.18 ± 5.99, 63.79 ± 4.80, and 69.29 ± 5.95 mm respectively, while mean interpupillary distances were 66.99 ± 3.70, 67.34 ± 3.56, 66.73 ± 3.80, and 67.09 ± 3.72 mm respectively. A Tukey posthoc test revealed significant pairwise differences for upper facial height between the Yoruba and Hausa population with a mean difference of 5.15 mm ( P < .001, 95% CI 2.94-7.35) ( P < .001, 95% CI 2.94-7.35), and Hausa and Igbo population with a mean difference of 6.39 mm ( P < .001, 95% CI 3.75-9.03). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed the presence of significant inter-ethnic differences between Hausa ethnic group and the Yoruba ethnic group for midfacial height ( P < .001), upper lip height ( P = .004), lower lip height ( P = .003), total face height ( P = .010), and orbital fissure width ( P < .001). Conclusion: The result of this study shows that distinct difference does exist in the facial anthropological measurements between the ethnicities included in this study especially in vertical facial measurements.

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Recovery of anterior torque loss and correction of deep bite occurred during orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction in Class II patients

AJO-DO Clinical Companion ◽

10.1016/j.xaor.2021.01.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ki-Ho Park ◽

Young-Guk Park ◽

Jae Hyun Park

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Class Ii ◽

Deep Bite ◽

Premolar Extraction ◽

Torque Loss

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A Comparison of Craniofacial Characteristics between Two Different Adult Populations with Class II Malocclusion—A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10050438 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 438

Author(s):

Arvind Sivakumar ◽

Prasad Nalabothu ◽

Huyen Nguyen Thanh ◽

Gregory S. Antonarakis

Keyword(s):

Growth Pattern ◽

Class Ii ◽

Class Ii Malocclusion ◽

South Indian Population ◽

The South ◽

Facial Height ◽

South Indian ◽

Mandibular Plane ◽

Lateral Cephalograms ◽

Craniofacial Characteristics

The dental, skeletal, and soft-tissue characteristics of a particular malocclusion can differ based on ethnicity, race, age, sex and geographical location with Class II malocclusion being one of the most prevalent malocclusions encountered in orthodontic clinical practice. The broad understanding of the characteristics of vertical skeletal and dental parameters in patients with Class II malocclusion can help clinicians to identify patterns and variations in the expression of this phenotype for better treatment outcomes. Hence, we compared the craniofacial characteristics of skeletal and dental Class II malocclusion traits from Indian and Vietnamese individuals to analyze the vertical skeletal and dental patterns in both population groups. The sample comprised of lateral cephalograms from 100 young adults with Class II malocclusion, of which fifty (25 males and 25 females) were from South India and the other 50 age- and sex-matched adults from Vietnam. The lateral cephalometric radiographs were digitized into anonymous image files and were traced and assessed for 16 vertical skeletal and dental parameters. The ANB angle was greater in males (+1.4 deg; p < 0.001) and females (+1.9 deg; p < 0.001) in the South Indian population. The Vietnamese males had a larger mandibular plane angle, articular angle, anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height compared to the Indian males. The Vietnamese females had larger mandibular plane and articular angles compared to the Indian females. The skeletal class II malocclusion was more severe in the South Indian compared to the Vietnamese adults. The Vietnamese sample showed a generalized tendency towards a more vertical skeletal growth pattern and in males this pattern seemed to be due to the dentoalveolar component. The Vietnamese females showed a tendency towards a vertical growth pattern, but without apparent contribution by the dentoalveolar component.

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