'Double Trouble' -Antimicrobial resistance and COVID-19 A study on health care associated infections and multidrug resistant organisms in critical care units during the global pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
K Raksha ◽  
Poorani Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections

Relationship between job burnout, psychosocial factors and health care-associated infections in critical care units

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Galletta ◽  
Igor Portoghese ◽  
Ernesto D’Aloja ◽  
Alessandra Mereu ◽  
Paolo Contu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections

Embodied Spatial Practices and the Power to Care

2019 ◽  
pp. 360-377
Author(s):  
Elise Paradis ◽  
Warren Mark Liew ◽  
Myles Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Health Care Delivery ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Interprofessional Care ◽  
The Social

Drawing on an ethnographic study of teamwork in critical care units (CCUs), this chapter applies Henri Lefebvre’s ([1974] 1991) theoretical insights to an analysis of clinicians’ and patients’ embodied spatial practices. Lefebvre’s triadic framework of conceived, lived, and perceived spaces draws attention to the role of bodies in the production and negotiation of power relations among nurses, physicians, and patients within the CCU. Three ethnographic vignettes—“The Fight,” “The Parade,” and “The Plan”—explore how embodied spatial practices underlie the complexities of health care delivery, making visible the hidden narratives of conformity and resistance that characterize interprofessional care hierarchies. The social orderings of bodies in space are consequential: seeing them is the first step in redressing them.

scholarly journals Incidence and predictors of 14-day mortality in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in ventilator-associated pneumonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1323-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basima Abdalla Almomani ◽  
Amanda McCullough ◽  
Rawan Gharaibeh ◽  
Shaher Samrah ◽  
Fatimah Mahasneh
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
Case Series Study

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) is common in hospitals and impacts patient survival. We determined the incidence of MDR-AB VAP in critical care units and examined the predictors of 14-day mortality in these patients. Methodology: A retrospective case series study was conducted at a tertiary referral teaching hospital in north Jordan. A list of patients with a positive culture of A. baumannii between January 2007 and June 2013 was retrieved using computerized hospital databases. Medical records of all these patients were reviewed, and cases of VAP infected with MDR-AB were identified. Predictors of 14-day mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for possible confounders. Results: Out of 121 A. baumannii-VAP cases, 119 (98.3%) were caused by MDR-AB. The incidence rate of MDR-AB VAP was 1.59 cases per 100 critical care unit admissions. The mortality of A. baumannii-VAP cases in critical care units was 42% (50/119). Being prescribed two or more definitive antibiotics (prescribed based on susceptibility data) (OR = 0.075, 95% CI = 0.017–0.340, p = 0.001) and ipratropium/salbutamol during mechanical ventilation (OR = 0.140, 95% CI = 0.028–0.705, p = 0.017) were independently associated with lower hospital mortality. Conclusions: Our results suggest incidence of MDR-AB VAP in critical care units is high and that prescription of antibiotics based on antibiotic susceptibility and use of bronchodilators is associated with lower mortality in this population. Larger prospective studies are needed to explore whether these findings can be replicated in different clinical settings.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Potential for Inducing Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant Organisms from Exposure to Minocycline, Rifampin, and Chlorhexidine Used To Treat Intravascular Devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Rosenblatt ◽  
Nylev Vargas-Cruz ◽  
Ruth A. Reitzel ◽  
Issam I. Raad
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Triple Combination ◽  
Surveillance Studies ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Intravascular Devices ◽  
Inducing Resistance

ABSTRACT To assess the potential for the induction of antimicrobial resistance following repeated subinhibitory exposures to the combination minocycline (MIN), rifampin (RIF), and chlorhexidine (CHX), a total of 29 clinical microbial pathogenic isolates were repeatedly exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of MIN, RIF, and CHX for 20 passages. MICs of the MIN, RIF, and CHX combination were assessed at each passage to evaluate the potential for resistance to have been induced. The combination of MIN, RIF, and CHX showed significant antimicrobial efficacy and synergy against organisms resistant to all 3 individual components (MIC of ≥16 μg/ml for MIN or MIC of ≥4 μg/ml for RIF or CHX). Among the organisms originally resistant to 2 or more individual components and the organisms originally susceptible to 2 or more individual components, there was no evidence that organisms became resistant following 20 repeated subinhibitory exposure cycles to the triple combination. The risk of resistance developing to the triple combination is extremely low because microbes are inhibited or killed before resistance can simultaneously emerge to all three agents. Surveillance studies monitoring the development of resistance should be conducted in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of a Multidrug-Resistant Strain of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with Carbapenem Resistance, Isolated from King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyaa M. Abdel-Haleem ◽  
Zineb Rchiad ◽  
Babar K. Khan ◽  
Abdallah M. Abdallah ◽  
Raeece Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Strain

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have been regarded as major challenges among health care-associated infections worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of an MDR Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain isolated in 2014 from King Abdulla Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Emerging Chryseobacterium indologenes Infection in Indian Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Case Report

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishika Mehta ◽  
Ashish Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Chryseobacterium Indologenes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections

Antibiotic-resistant pathogens and nosocomial infections constitute common and serious problems for neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units worldwide. Chryseobacterium indologenes is a non-lactose-fermenting, gram-negative, health care-associated pathogen (HCAP). It is ubiquitous and intrinsically resistant to several antibiotics. Despite its low virulence, C. indologenes has been widely reported to cause life-threatening infections. Patients on chronic immunosuppressant drugs, harboring invasive devices and indwelling catheters become the nidus for C. indologenes. Typically, C. indologenes causes major health care-associated infections such as pneumonia, empyema, pyelonephritis, cystitis, peritonitis, meningitis, and bacteremia in patients harboring central venous catheters. Management of C. indologenes infection in neonates is not adequately documented owing to underreporting, particularly in India. Because of its multidrug resistance and the scant availability of data from the literature, the effective empirical treatment of C. indologenes is challenging. We present an uncommon case of bacteremia caused by C. indologenes in a preterm newborn baby with moderate respiratory distress syndrome who was successfully treated. We also provide a review of infections in the neonatal age group. Henceforth, in neonates receiving treatments involving invasive equipment use and long-term antibiotic therapy, multidrug resistant C. indologenes should be considered an HCAP.

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