scholarly journals A Rare Case of Laryngopyocele with Airway Obstruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Yu Lam ◽  
Hin Yue Lau
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Neck Swelling ◽  
Airway Protection ◽  
Cystic Dilatation ◽  
Acute Presentation ◽  
Severity Of Disease

Laryngocele is a rare entity and can be defined as an abnormal cystic dilatation of saccule of the laryngeal ventricle with communication to the lumen of larynx. Laryngopyocele is a rare complication of laryngocele when it is infected. Patients may present with fever, neck swelling, shortness of breath, and hoarseness. Acute presentation can develop rapidly with alarming symptom, such as stridor, which signifies airway obstruction and warrants immediate treatment and airway protection. Computed tomography and endoscopy are useful in making the diagnosis and delineate the severity of disease. Laryngopyocele should be treated with antibiotics, drainage of purulent content, and followed by definitive surgical excision.

scholarly journals Post-pneumonectomy and post-lobectomy syndromes: case series and review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigoris Stratakos ◽  
Vlassis Vitsas ◽  
Nikos Koufos ◽  
Charalambos Zissis ◽  
Philip Emmanouil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives ◽  
Left Pneumonectomy

The post-pneumonectomy syndrome is a rare complication consisting of rotation and herniation of the mediastinal structures, the remaining lung and the respective bronchi, into the contralateral hemithorax. This situation may produce symptomatic airway obstruction and varies in its presentation and severity. We describe one case of right and one of left pneumonectomy syndrome as well as one case of post-lobectomy syndrome. We review the literature on the pathophysiology, the clinical, radiological and bronchoscopic characteristics of this rare entity and discuss all available therapeutic alternatives.

Hepatic brucelloma: a rare complication of a common zoonotic disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e237076
Author(s):  
George Vatidis ◽  
Eirini I Rigopoulou ◽  
Konstantinos Tepetes ◽  
George N Dalekos
Keyword(s):  
Rare Complication ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Coombs Test ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Bone Marrow Cultures ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Hepatic brucelloma (HB), a rare manifestation of brucellosis, refers to liver involvement in the form of abscess. A 35-year-old woman stockbreeder was admitted due to 1-month history of evening fever, sweating and weight loss, while she was on 3-week course of rifampicin/doxycycline for suspected brucellosis. On admission, she had hepatosplenomegaly and a systolic murmur, while cholestasis, increased inflammation markers and a strong-positive Wright-Coombs test were the main laboratory findings. As blood and bone marrow cultures were unrevealing, further investigation with CT imaging showed a central liver calcification surrounded by heterogeneous hypodense area being compatible with HB. Material from CT-guided drainage tested negative for Brucella spp. After failure to improve on a 10-week triple regiment, surgical excision was decided and Brucella spp were identified by PCR. Our case highlights challenges in establishing HB diagnosis, which should be considered on the right epidemiological context and when serological and radiological evidence favour its diagnosis.

Surgical excision of an epicardial ventricular hydatid cyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Paritosh Ballal ◽  
Alur Chikkabasavaiah Nagamani ◽  
Sadiq Ahmed Sheriff
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Cyst Excision ◽  
Cyst Rupture

Isolated cardiac hydatid cyst is a rare entity. It warrants early surgical repair because cyst rupture is potentially fatal. We report the case of a 32-year-old lady with an epicardial ventricular hydatid cyst, which was managed successfully by complete cyst excision.

scholarly journals Multiple Koenen Tumors, a Rare Entity: Combination Treatment with 1% Topical Sirolimus Electrofulguration and Excision

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Vishalakshi Viswanath ◽  
Jay D. Gupte ◽  
Niharika Prabhu ◽  
Nilima L. Gour
Keyword(s):  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Elderly Female

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Koenen tumors are benign, cutaneous manifestations of tuberous sclerosis. These are disfiguring, painful, and challenging to treat as they frequently recur. We report a case of long-standing, multiple Koenen tumors affecting all twenty nails in an elderly female who was successfully treated with a combination of topical sirolimus 1%, surgical excision, and electrofulguration. <b><i>Case Report:</i></b> A 57-year-old lady presented with multiple, asymptomatic periungual, and subungual tumors affecting all twenty nails since 27 years. Cutaneous examination revealed confetti macules, ash-leaf macule, and shagreen patch over trunk. Nail biopsy was compatible with Koenen’s tumor. Computerized tomography of brain showed diffuse patchy sclerosis. The tumors were treated with topical sirolimus 1% ointment for 10 months with excellent regression. Electro­fulguration for both great toenails and surgical excision of right thumbnail periungual fibroma was done. 1% sirolimus was advised after the surgical treatment. There were no adverse effects or recurrence of tumors over a 2-year follow-up. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> Topical sirolimus 1% was effective in tumor regression and preventing new tumor formation. Larger tumors that interfered in daily chores were treated with excision and electrofulguration. Thus, a combination treatment for this rare presentation of tuberous sclerosis provided optimum results.

scholarly journals Duret Hemorrhage after Extradural Hematoma Evacuation–A Rare Entity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamkordor Tyngkan ◽  
Nazia Mahfouz ◽  
Sobia Bilal ◽  
Bazla Fatima ◽  
Nayil Malik
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Extradural Hematoma ◽  
Transtentorial Herniation ◽  
Hematoma Evacuation ◽  
Brainstem Injury ◽  
Acute Epidural Hematoma

AbstractTraumatic brainstem injury can be classified as primary or secondary. Secondary brainstem hemorrhage that evolves from raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and transtentorial herniation is referred to as Duret hemorrhage. We report a 25-year-old male who underwent emergency craniotomy, with evacuation of acute epidural hematoma, and postoperatively developed fatal Duret hemorrhage. Duret hemorrhage after acute epidural hematoma (EDH) evacuation is a very rare complication and the outcome is grave in most of the cases.

scholarly journals Positive Signs on Physical Examination Are Not Always Indications for Endotracheal Tube Intubation in Patients with Facial Burn

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruo-Yi Huang ◽  
Szu-Jen Chen ◽  
Yen-Chang Hsiao ◽  
Ling-Wei Kuo ◽  
Chien-Hung Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Inhalation Injury ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Airway Protection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Facial Burn

Abstract BackgroundAfter clinical evaluation in the emergency department (ED), facial burn patients are usually intubated to protect their airways. However, the possibility of unnecessary intubation or delayed intubation after admission exists. Objective criteria for the evaluation of inhalation injury and the need for airway protection in facial burn patients are needed.MethodsFacial burn patients between January 2013 and May 2016 were reviewed. Patients who were and were not intubated in the ED were compared. All intubated patients received routine bronchoscopy to evaluate whether they had inhalation injuries. Patients with and without confirmed inhalation injuries were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for inhalation injuries in facial burn patients. The reasons for intubation in patients without inhalation injuries were also investigated.ResultsDuring the study period, 121 patients were intubated in the ED among a total of 335 facial burn patients. Only 73 (60.3%) patients were later confirmed to have inhalation injuries on bronchoscopy. The comparison between patients with and without inhalation injuries showed that shortness of breath (odds ratio=3.376, p=0.027) and high total body surface area (TBSA) (odds ratio=1.038, p=0.001) were independent risk factors for inhalation injury. Other physical signs (e.g., hoarseness, burned nostril hair, etc.), laboratory examinations and chest X-ray findings were not predictive of inhalation injury in facial burn patients. All patients with a TBSA over 60% were intubated in the ED even if they did not have inhalation injuries.ConclusionIn the management of facial burn patients, positive signs on conventional physical examinations may not always be predictive of inhalation injury and the need for endotracheal tube intubation in the ED. More attention should be paid to facial burn patients with shortness of breath and a high TBSA because they have an increased risk of inhalation injuries. Airway protection is needed in facial burn patients without inhalation injuries because of their associated injuries and treatment.

scholarly journals A rare case of paradoxical pulmonary embolism in spontaneous aortocaval fistula

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200183
Author(s):  
Valentina Vespro ◽  
Stefano Fusco ◽  
Anna Maria Ierardi ◽  
Viviana Grassi ◽  
Ilenia D’Alessio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Paradoxical Embolism ◽  
Aortocaval Fistula ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Aortocaval fistula (ACF) is a rare complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), occurring in less than 1% of all AAAs. Paradoxical embolism can rarely be associated with ACF, pulmonary embolism may originate from dislodgment of thrombotic material from the AAA in the inferior vena cava (IVC) through the ACF. We report a case of a patient admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain and shortness of breath who immediately underwent thoraco-abdominal CT. Imaging allowed a prompt pre-operative diagnosis of an ACF between an AAA and the IVC, also identifying CT signs of right heart overload and the presence of a paradoxical pulmonary embolism.

Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast: Report of 2 Cases Including One With Long-Term Local Recurrence

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupma Nayak ◽  
Ira J. Bleiweiss ◽  
Kimberly Dumoff ◽  
Tawfiqul A. Bhuiya
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Rare Entity

Primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of breast is an exceedingly rare tumor with histologic resemblance to MCA arising in ovary, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. In this article, we present 2 additional cases of MCA of breast, one highlighting the diagnostic challenges of a rare entity that may potentially lead to unnecessary chemotherapy and the second case presenting with recurrence after 8 years of primary surgical excision defying the indolent behavior reported in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of such behavior.

Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn L. Yancey ◽  
Robert A. Doughty ◽  
Barbara A. Cohlan ◽  
Balu H. Athreya
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Sinus Tachycardia ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Cardiac tamponade is a rare complication of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Three cases seen in the last two years at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia are reported and compared to four previously reported cases. All three children had systemic-type juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with tachypnea, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Cardiac signs in these children included decreased heart sounds, pericardial friction rub, jugular venous distention, and pulsus paradoxus greater than 12 mm Hg. Roentgenograms of the chest showed cardiomegaly with bilateral pleural effusions. Electrocardiograms showed sinus tachycardia and nonspecific ST-T wave changes. Echocardiograms demonstrated pericardial effusions in all subjects and poor ventricular movements in one child. All three children were treated with short-acting anti-inflammatory drugs and/or prednisone. Pericardiocentesis was performed in two cases. There was no significant morbidity after a mean follow-up of two years.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Acute Airway Compromise due to Subcutaneous Emphysema

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Olmstead ◽  
Gary Gelfand ◽  
Ian Anderson ◽  
John B. Kortbeek
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Acute Management ◽  
Airway Compromise ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Airway Patency

In the acute management of a trauma patient, airway patency is of utmost importance. The present case describes a male patient who presented with delayed severe upper airway obstruction secondary to massive subcutaneous emphysema following blunt traumatic injury two days previously. Airway compromise is a rarely described but serious complication of subcutaneous emphysema. Current management of subcutaneous emphysema and its association with pneumothorax is summarized. Early decompression of underlying pneumothoraces in patients with significant subcutaneous emphysema should be performed to avoid this rare complication.

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