scholarly journals Biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical samples in Northern Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutthirat Sitthisak ◽  
Thawatchai Kitti ◽  
Rathanin Seng ◽  
Rapee Thummeepak ◽  
Chalermchai Boonlao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

The Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Analysis and Biofilm Formation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus cohnii Isolated from Clinical Samples in Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Delfani ◽  
Faranak Rezaei ◽  
Setareh Soroush ◽  
Pegah Shakib
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽  
Sccmec Types

Background: Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci is responsible for hospital and community-acquired infections. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic-resistance patterns, antibiotic-resistance genes, namely, ermA, ermB, ermC, blaZ, msrA, tetK, tetM, mup, and vanA, biofilm formation, and prevalence of different SCCmec types among the Staphylococcus cohniistrains isolated from clinical samples in Tehran, Iran. Methods: In this study,S. cohniiisolates were screened from the clinical samples from March 2012 to February 2013 in Tehran, Iran.Antimicrobial susceptibility test and inducible clindamycin resistance were evaluated by disc diffusion method, andresistance genes were examined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assays. Then, biofilm formation assay was analyzed by Microtiter-plate test to detect the icaA and icaDgenes. The SCCmec and the Arginine Catabolite Mobile Element (ACME) typing were performed using the PCRmethod. Results: FromtwentyS. cohnii, all isolates were resistant to cefoxitin. 95% of the S. cohnii was defined as multidrug resistance (MDR)strains. The ermB, ermC, and vanA genes were not detected in any isolates; however, the blaZ gene had the highest frequency.95% of the S. cohnii isolates produced biofilm. Also, 4 SCCmec types, including V, IV, III+ (C2), VIII+ (AB1), were identified. Therefore, the majority of SCCmec were untypable. Based on the ACME typing, arcA and opp3 genes were positive in 13 (65%) and 1 (5%) isolates, respectively. Conclusion: Due to the high antimicrobial resistance and the spread of untypableSCCmecamong the isolates studied, the control and treatment of methicillin-resistantS. cohnii in hospitals and public health centers is a significant concern.

Characterization of biofilm producing methicillin resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci from India

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermis ◽  
Staphylococcus Hominis

Abstract Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) cause infectious diseases due to their potential to form biofilm and further colonization in hospital materials. This study evaluated the antibiotic susceptible phenotypes, biofilm-producing ability, and biofilm-associated genes (mecA, icaAD, bap, cna, and fnbA). Biofilm formation was detected through Congo red agar (CRA) method and MTP method. The presence of biofilm and associated genes in MR-CoNS were detected by PCR. A total of 310 (55.95%) isolates produced the biofilm. Among these isolates, Staphylococcus haemolyticus (34.83%), Staphylococcus epidermis (31.93%), Staphylococcus capitis (16.77%), Staphylococcus cohnii (10.96%), and Staphylococcus hominis (5.48%) were identified. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of CoNS isolates indicated resistance to cefoxitin (100%), erythromycin (94.8%), ciprofloxacin (66.7%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (66.7%), gentamicin (66.12%), and clindamycin (62.9%). Resistance rate to mupirocin was 48.5% in S. epidermidis and 38.9% in S. haemolyticus isolates. All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. The prevalence rates of icaAD, bap, fnbA, and cna were 18.06%, 12.5%, 47.4%, and 27.4%, respectively. icaAD and bap genes were detected in 18.06% and 12.5% of MR-CoNS isolates. fnbA and cna genes were detected in 47.41% and 27.41% of MRCoNS isolates. icaAD positive strains exhibited a significant increase in the biofilm formation compared with those that lacked icaAD (0.86 (0.42, 1.39) versus 0.36 (0.14, 0.75), respectively; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the majority of MR-CoNS isolates were biofilm producers, and S. capitis, which possessed icaAD genes, ranked as the great biofilm producer than other Staphylococcus. The study’s findings are important to form a strategy to control biofilm formation as an alternative strategy to counter the spread of MR-CoNS in healthcare settings.

scholarly journals To determine antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm production among coagulase negative staphylococci at a tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Naga Sri Latha Bathala ◽  
M Sasidhar ◽  
S Kusuma Bai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cross Sectional

CoNS are gaining importance due to increase in resistance rates to betalactam antibiotics and multi drug resistance. Although specific virulence factors are not as clearly established, it seems clear that factors such as bacterial polysaccharide components, and ability to form biofilm are involved in attachment and/or persistence of bacteria on foreign materials. Biofilms usually result in persistent infections that cannot be easily resolved with standard antibiotic treatments; therefore, the biofilm formation ability and the resistance to antimicrobial therapy can be intimately related. A prospective cross-sectional study was done on purely isolated CoNS from various clinical samples from both out patients and inpatients. All the test strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The ability to produce biofilm was detected by tube adherence method. Among 193 CoNS isolates 156 were from inpatients and 37 were from out patients. Methicillin resistant was seen in 80.31%. Of the total, 40.41% showed moderate biofilm formation by tube adherence method. 23.32% of isolates did not form biofilm. All the isolates from blood samples showed moderate (20/26) and strong (6/26) biofilm formation. Among non biofilm producers 66.67% were MS CoNS isolates and 33.33% were MRCoNS. 94.59% of biofilm producers were MRCoNS and 5.41% were MSCoNS. Production of biofilm was relatively more (1.16) among CoNS isolates of IPD than OPD.  As Coagulase negative Staphylocooci are exhibiting multi drug resistance and are able to form biofilm, these organisms causing a major challenge for the physicians. Hence, such problems can be prevented by detection of biofilm producers and appropriate antibiotic doses modification. The issue of antibiotic resistance among CoNS needs to be addressed through a more rational use of existing antibiotics as well as the development of new antimicrobial agents.

Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles for inhibition of antibacterial resistance and biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 103008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindan Rajivgandhi ◽  
Muthuchamy Maruthupandy ◽  
Thillaichidambaram Muneeswaran ◽  
Muthusamy Anand ◽  
Franck Quero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antibacterial Resistance ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) isolated from community and hospital environments

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e0184172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathanin Seng ◽  
Thawatchai Kitti ◽  
Rapee Thummeepak ◽  
Phattaraporn Kongthai ◽  
Udomluk Leungtongkam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Environments

scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcal Bioaerosols in and around Residential Houses in an Urban Area in Central India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kumar ◽  
A. K. Goel
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Air Sampler ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Methicillin resistant staphylococci (MRS) commonly found in clinical samples or associated environment pose a major health challenge globally. The carriage rate of MRS in human population is high, especially in India but research on airborne distribution of MRS is scanty. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MRS in indoor and outdoor environment of residential houses. Air samples were collected using impactor air sampler. The total counts of viable bacteria, staphylococci, and MRS along with the particles of various sizes were determined from indoor and outdoor environment of 14 residential houses. MRS bacteria were identified as methicillin resistantS. aureus(MRSA) or coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) employing biochemical and PCR assays. The average concentration of MRS inside and outside of the houses was 5.9% and 4.6% of the total bacteria, respectively. The maximum correlation of total indoor and outdoor bacteria with particulate matter was 10 μm (r=0.74) and 5 μm (r=0.84), respectively. Statistically, significant positive correlation of staphylococci and MRS was found with particles of 10–25 μm inside the houses. Molecular surveillance, antibiotic stewardship programme, and infection control policies can help to manage increasing MRS burden in developing countries.

scholarly journals R-Thanatin Inhibits Growth and Biofilm Formation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidisIn VivoandIn Vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 5045-5052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Hou ◽  
Fei Da ◽  
Baohui Liu ◽  
Xiaoyan Xue ◽  
Xiuli Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus epidermidisis one of the most frequent causes of device-associated infections, because it is known to cause biofilms that grow on catheters or other surgical implants. The persistent increasing resistance ofS. epidermidisand other coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) has driven the need for newer antibacterial agents with innovative therapeutic strategies. Thanatin is reported to display potent antibiotic activities, especially against extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producingEscherichia coli. The present study aimed to investigate whether a shorter derivative peptide (R-thanatin) could be used as a novel antibacterial agent. We found that R-thanatin was highly potentin vitroagainst coagulase-negative staphylococci, such asS. epidermidis,S. haemolyticus, andS. hominis, and inhibited biofilm formation at subinhibitory concentrations. Properties of little toxicity to human red blood cells (hRBCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, a low incidence of resistance, and relatively high stability in plasma were confirmed. Excellentin vivoprotective effects were also observed using a methicillin-resistantS. epidermidis(MRSE)-induced urinary tract infection rat model. Electron microscopy and confocal laser-scanning microscopy analyses suggested that R-thanatin disturbed cell division of MRSE severely, which might be the reason for inhibition of MRSE growth. These findings indicate that R-thanatin is active against the growth and biofilm formation of MRSEin vitroandin vivo. R-thanatin might be considered as a specific drug candidate for treating CoNS infections.

scholarly journals Down-regulation of biofilm-associated genes in mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. aureus treated with M. communis extract and its antibacterial activity

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moj Khaleghi ◽  
Sadegh Khorrami
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Biofilm Development

AbstractConsidering the prevalence of resistance to antibiotics, the discovery of effective agents against resistant pathogens is of extreme urgency. Herein, 26 mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from clinical samples were identified, and their resistance to 11 antibiotics was investigated. Next, the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of the ethanolic extract of M. communis on these strains was evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of this extract on the expression of biofilm-associated genes, icaA, icaD, bap, sarA, and agr, was studied. According to the results, all isolated strains were multidrug-resistant and showed resistance to oxacillin and tetracycline. Also, 96.15 and 88.46 % of them were resistant to gentamicin and erythromycin. However, the extract could effectively combat the strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against different strains ranged from 1.56 to 25 mg/ml and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was between 3.125 and 50 mg/ml. Even though most MRSA (67 %) strongly produced biofilm, the sub-MIC concentration of the extract destroyed the pre-formed biofilm and affected the bacterial cells inside the biofilm. It could also inhibit biofilm development by significantly decreasing the expression of icaA, icaD, sarA and bap genes involved in biofilm formation and development. In conclusion, the extract inhibits biofilm formation, ruins pre-formed biofilm, and kills cells living inside the biofilm. Furthermore, it down-regulates the expression of necessary genes and nips the biofilm formation in the bud.

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