Socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with low birth weight in Nepal: Data from 2016 Nepal demographic and health survey

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) in Afghanistan.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThis study used data collected from the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015.ParticipantsFacility-based data from 2773 weighted live-born children enrolled by a two-stage sampling strategy were included in our analysis.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was LBW, defined as birth weight <2.5kg.ResultsOut of 2773 newborns, 15.5% (n=431) had LBW. Most of these newborns were females (58.3%, n=251), had a mother with no formal schooling (70.5%, n=304), lived in urban areas (63.4%, n=274) or lived in the Central region of Afghanistan (59.7%, n=257). In multivariable analysis, residence in Central (adjusted OR (AOR): 3.4; 95% CI 1.7 to 6.7), Central Western (AOR: 3.0; 95% CI 1.5 to 5.8) and Southern Western (AOR: 4.0; 95% CI 1.7 to 9.1) regions had positive association with LBW. On the other hand, male children (AOR: 0.5; 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8), newborns with primary maternal education (AOR: 0.5; 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8), birth interval ≥48 months (AOR: 0.4; 95% CI 0.1 to 0.8), belonging to the richest wealth quintile (AOR: 0.2; 95% CI 0.1 to 0.6) and rural residence (AOR: 0.3; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.6) had decreased odds of LBW.ConclusionsMultiple factors had association with LBW in Afghanistan. Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health programmes should focus on enhancing maternal education and promoting birth spacing to prevent LBW. To reduce the overall burden of LBW, women of the poorest wealth quintiles, and residents of Central, Central Western and South Western regions should also be prioritised. Further exploration is needed to understand why urban areas are associated with higher likelihood of LBW. In addition, research using nationally representative samples are required.

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Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: A Multi-Level Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3709852 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Addisu Alehegn Alemu ◽

Liknaw Bewket Zeleke ◽

Bewket Aynalem ◽

Melaku Desta ◽

Eskeziaw Abebe Kasahun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Health Survey ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Multi Level ◽

Level Analysis

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DETERMINANTS OF NEONATAL MORTALITY BASED ON THE 2017 INDONESIAN DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY (IDHS)

The Indonesian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.20473/ijph.v16i3.2021.363-374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 363

Author(s):

Fidya Rumiati ◽

Asri C. Adisasmita

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Health Interventions ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Major Health Problem

ABSTRACTInfant mortality is still a major health problem in Indonesia as 63% of deaths occur in the neonatal period. The trend of the neonatal mortality rate in Indonesia has decreased from 15 (2017) to 13 deaths per 1,000 live births (2018), but this does not meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target. Evidence-based health interventions are based on determinants that most influences neonatal mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the most influential determinants of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. This research is an analytic observational study that uses the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data, with a cross-sectional design. This study’s population was the last baby of married women of childbearing age (15-49 years) and was recorded in the 2017 IDHS with a sample of 15,102 babies. The outcome variable in this study was neonatal mortality. The analysis was conducted in stages, namely univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using the chi-square statistical test (X2), and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The results showed that 85.71% of deaths occurred in the early neonatal period. The most influential determinants of neonatal mortality were male sex (adj OR = 2.91: 95% CI 1.78-4.76), low birth weight (adj OR = 12.08: 95% CI 7.38-18.86) and parity status ≥ 4 (adj OR = 2.11: 95% CI 1.22-3.61). Public health interventions aimed at reducing neonatal mortality should be linked to newborn and maternal characteristics that significantly influence Indonesia's neonatal mortality. Therefore, health services must consider adequate postpartum neonatal care that is fully integrated with medical care. Moreover, further prevention of potential factors that cause low birth weight before conception should be implemented and further control of births would optimize the family planning program. Keywords: gender, low birth weight, parity status, determinant, neonatal mortality, Indonesia

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Predictive accuracy of perceived baby birth size for birth weight: a cross-sectional study from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031986 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e031986

Author(s):

Dabere Nigatu ◽

Demewoz Haile ◽

Bereket Gebremichael ◽

Yordanos M Tiruneh

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Health Survey ◽

Predictive Accuracy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Birth Size ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Influencing

ObjectivesThe study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of maternally perceived baby birth size assessments as a measure of birth weight and examine factors influencing the accuracy of maternal size assessments.Study designCross-sectional study.SettingThe study is based on national data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.ParticipantsWe included 1455 children who had both birth size and birth weight data.Main outcome measuresPredictive accuracy of baby birth size for low birth weight. Level of discordance between maternally perceived birth size and birth weight including factors influencing discordance.ResultsMother-reported baby birth size had low sensitivity (57%) and positive predictive value (41%) to indicate low birth weight but had high specificity (89%) and negative predictive values (94%). The per cent of agreement between birth weight (<2500 g vs ≥2500 g) and maternally perceived birth size (small size vs average or above) was 86% and kappa statistics indicated a moderate level of agreement (kappa=0.41, p<0.001). Maternal age, wealth index quintile, marital status and maternal education were significant predictors of the discordance between birth size and birth weight.ConclusionsMaternal assessment of baby size at birth is an inaccurate proxy indicator of low birth weight in Ethiopia. Therefore, a mother’s recall of birth size should be used as a proxy indicator for low birth weight with caution and should take maternal characteristics into consideration.

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Coverage and factors associated with full immunisation among children aged 12–59 months in Bangladesh: insights from the nationwide cross-sectional demographic and health survey

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e028020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdur Razzaque Sarker ◽

Raisul Akram ◽

Nausad Ali ◽

Marufa Sultana

Keyword(s):

Health Survey ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Coverage Rate ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Medium Size ◽

Immunisation Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Full Immunisation ◽

Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

ObjectiveTo estimate the coverage and factors associated with full immunisation coverage among children aged 12–59 months in Bangladesh.Study designThe study is cross sectional in design. Secondary dataset from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey was used for this analysis. Immunisation status was categorised as ‘fully immunised’ if the children had received all the eight recommended vaccine doses otherwise ‘partially/unimmunised’.SettingsBangladesh.ParticipantChildren aged 12–59 months were the study participants. Participants were randomly selected through a two-stage stratified sampling design. A total of 6230 children were eligible for the analysis.ResultsAbout 86% of the children (5356 out of 6230) were fully immunised. BCG has the highest coverage rate (97.1%) followed by oral polio vaccine 1 (97%) and pentavalent 1 (96.6%), where the coverage rate was the lowest for measles vaccine (88%). Coverage was higher in urban areas (88.5%) when compared with rural ones (85.1%). Full immunisation coverage was significantly higher among children who lived in the Rangpur division (adjusted OR (AOR)=3.46; 95% CI 2.45 to 4.88, p<0.001), were 48–59 months old (AOR=1.32; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.64, p=0.013), lived in a medium size family (AOR=1.56; 95% CI 1.32 to 1.86, p<0.001), had parents with a higher level of education (AOR=1.96; 95% CI 1.21 to 3.17, p=0.006 and AOR=1.55; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.29, p=0.026) and belonged to the richest families (AOR=2.2; 95% CI 1.5 to 3.21, p<0.001). The likelihood of being partially or unimmunised was higher among children who had the father as their sole healthcare decision-maker (AOR=0.69; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.92, p<0.012).ConclusionsThere were significant variations of child immunisation coverage across socioeconomic and demographic factors. These findings will inform innovative approaches for immunisation programmes, and the introduction of relevant policies, including regular monitoring and evaluation of immunisation coverage—particularly for low-performing regions, so that the broader benefit of immunisation programmes can be achieved in all strata of the society.

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Prevalence of and socioeconomic gradient in low birth weight in Ethiopia: further analysis of the 2016 demographic and health survey data

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-020-03313-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gebretsadik Shibre ◽

Mulugeta Tamire

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Health Survey ◽

Socioeconomic Position ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Socioeconomic Gradient

Abstract Background Evidence suggests appearance of socioeconomic gradient in the probability of low birth weight (LBW). Such evidence, however, is scanty in Ethiopia. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of and socioeconomic gradient in LBW in Ethiopia. Method Data for the study were drawn from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2016. The 2016 EDHS is the fourth wave in the series of nationally representative household surveys carried out in the country to deliver up-to-date health and demographic indicators for the Ethiopian population. Women aged 15 to 49 years were the main focus of the survey, with data also gathered from men aged 15 to 59 years and under five children. The study pursued complex sampling strategy to draw samples representative at national as well as at urban and rural levels. The data are available to the public domain and were accessed from the MEASURE DHS following registration. Multivariable logistic regression model and marginal standardization were used to estimate socioeconomic gradient in the probability of LBW. We performed sensitivity analysis to evaluate variation of LBW according to different categories of socioeconomic position. Maternal education and household wealth were used as measures of the socioeconomic position in the study. Results 13.2% (95% confidence interval = 10.73, 15.65) of births were complicated by LBW. The findings showed that socioeconomic gradient was evident between maternal education and LBW; as education increases from no education to secondary education, the probability of occurrence of LBW consistently declined. However, no gradient in LBW was detected for household wealth. Conclusions We have identified education gradient in LBW, with the highest burden of LBW occurring among the non-educated women. To redress the observed education disparity in LBW, targeted interventions need to be implemented with greater emphasis placed on illiterate women.

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A decomposition analysis of inequalities in Low birth weight in Sri Lanka: findings from the Demographic and Health survey- 2016

Ceylon Medical Journal ◽

10.4038/cmj.v65i1-2.9132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (1-2) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Gayathri Abeywickrama ◽

Chamara Anuranga

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Health Survey ◽

Decomposition Analysis ◽

Demographic And Health Survey

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Individual and Area Level Factors of Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: Evidence from Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016: Multilevel Modeling

10.21203/rs.2.12595/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kibrom Taame Weldemariam ◽

Kebede Embaye Gezae ◽

Haftom Temesgen Abebe ◽

Tsegay Teklu Tsegay

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Birth Order ◽

Health Survey ◽

Educational Level ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Multiple Birth ◽

Individual Level ◽

Significant Factors

Abstract Background Low birth weight is one of the critical issues in Ethiopia that causes many babies’ short- term and long-term health consequences. In Ethiopia, low birth weight is increasing; however, limited evidences of multilevel factors associated with low birth weight in the study setting, Ethiopia. Objective The objective of this study was to assess individual and area level factors of Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: from Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Methods The data were extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. For analysis a sample of 2110 birth weights within five years preceding the survey were included. The analysis was carried out using STATA software version 14. A two level mixed effects logistic regression analysis was used to estimate both the fixed effects of the individual and contextual factors and the random effects of the between cluster difference. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% Confidence Interval to express measures of association and Intra Class Correlation to express measures of variation were used. Results A total of 2110 children nested within 445 clusters were included in the analysis. Among them, 13% were with low birth weight. The ICC implied 11.7% of the variance in low birth weight was attributable to Area level unobservable factors. At individual level; multiple birth (AOR=2.74; 95%CI: 1.450-5.184), preterm birth (AOR=4.83; 95%CI: 2.644-8.830), anemic mothers (AOR=1.49; 95% CI: 1.069-2.092), six and above birth order (AOR=0.42; 95%CI: 0.242-0.752), mothers with primary educational level (AOR=0.61; 95%CI: 0.418-0.896) and secondary/higher educational level (AOR=0.39; 95%CI: 0.252-0.612) as well as region from Area level were significantly associated with low birth weight. Conclusion The results of this study showed that multiple births, anemic mothers, birth order, not-educated mothers and preterm gestational age at birth were significant factors of low birth weight. Hence, switching off/on the significant factors accordingly could reduce the risk of having low birth weight child.

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