A NUTRITIONAL COMPARISON OF VARIOUS RAPESEED AND MUSTARD SEED SOLVENT-EXTRACTED MEALS OF DIFFERENT GLUCOSINOLATE COMPOSITION

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL ◽  
C. G. YOUNGS ◽  
R. K. DOWNEY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Growth Depression ◽  
Regression Methods

Seven solvent-processed meals from Brassica napus, B. campestris and B. juncea seed, were compared with soybean meal in a replicated factorial experiment involving three levels of meal (5, 10 and 20%), with and without a flavoring mixture, with and without dietary myrosinase, in a feeding trial with male weanling mice. The addition of 0.3% myrosinase improved the digestibility of both protein and energy fractions, but resulted in growth depression in diets containing meals high, in glucosinolates and fed at 10 or 20% levels. Removal of feed intake differences by regression methods revealed that non-hydrolyzed glucosinolates in diets containing 10% Brassica meals had little effect on growth rate, except for one B. napus meal high in 2-hydroxy-3-butenyl glucosinolate. Diets containing glucosinolates giving rise to allyl- and butenyl isothiocyanates, as well as oxazolidinethione, inhibit growth; therefore, total glucosinolate content should be considered in assessing the nutritional value of Brassica meals.

NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEAL FOR SWINE

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Ad Libitum

Five swine experiments were conducted to evaluate rapeseed meal (RSM) of low glucosinolate content (Brassica napus L. cv. Bronowski). Two experiments involved 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% substitution of either Bronowski meal or regular (B. campestris) meal for soybean meal or fishmeal used in the control diet. One experiment compared ad libitum-fed and partially restricted pigs. Another experiment involved digestibility studies, and the final one involved methionine and lysine supplementation. As the dietary levels of either Bronowski or regular RSM increased in the ration, protein digestion coefficients decreased from 79 and 80% to 76 and 78%, respectively, and energy coefficients decreased from 82% to 79 and 78%, respectively. The protein and energy digestibility coefficients for Bronowski RSM were estimated to be 68 and 59%; for regular RSM, 65 and 54%. With barley–wheat–RSM diets, pigs responded to 0.1% methionine, but not to lysine (P > 0.05). Pigs fed ad libitum consumed more Bronowski than regular RSM diet and performed as well as pigs fed soybean meal diets.

Performance of growing-finishing pigs fed barley-based diets containing toasted or non-toasted canola meal

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
R. W. Newkirk
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Similar Weight

Eighty crossbred pigs (28.7 ± 3.9 kg BW) were assigned to one of five dietary treatments in a factorial design experiment (sex × treatment). The control diet was formulated using barley and soybean meal, while four experimental diets were formulated with either toasted or non-toasted canola meal replacing either half or all of the soybean meal in the test diets. The total glucosinolate content of the non-toasted meal was more than 15-fold higher than the to asted meal (1.01 vs. 15.58 µmol g-1). The principal glucosinolates in the non-toasted meal were 3-butenyl (3.05 µmol g-1), 2-OH-3-butenyl (5.47 µmol g-1) and 4-OH-3-methylindoyl (4.68 µmol g-1). Digestibility coefficients for dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy were significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the toasted and non-toasted canola meal diets compared with the soybean meal diet. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in digestibility coefficients between the two canola meals. Digestibility coefficients were higher (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the diets in which canola meal supplied only 50% of the supplementary protein compared with diets in which 100% of the supplementary protein was supplied by canola meal. Pigs fed toasted canola meal had similar weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion (P > 0.05) as pigs fed soybean meal while pigs fed non-toasted canola meal had lower weight gain and feed intake (P < 0.05) than pigs fed soybean meal. Feed conversion was unaffected by dietary treatment (P > 0.05). There were no significant effects (P < 0.05) due to diet on any carcass trait. The overall results of this experiment indicate that omitting the desolventization/toasting procedure from the process involved in the production of canola meal did not result in an improvement in the performance of pigs fed diets containing canola meal. Key words: Pigs, canola meal, performance, digestibility, carcass, toasting

scholarly journals Effect of dietary raw, cooked and toasted mucuna pruriens seeds (velvet bean) on the performance of Finisher broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
O. O. Emenalom ◽  
A. B. I. Udedibe
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Dietary Level

A 5-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of dietary raw, cooked and toasted Mucuna puriens seeds contained 30.3% crude protein. At 10% dietary level, raw and toasted Mucuna puriens seed meals significantly (P<0.05) depressed growth rate of broilers. At 20% dietary level, cooked Mucuna puriensseedmeal also significantly (P<0.05) depressed growth rate of the birds. Feed intake was also significantly (P<0.05) reduced at 20% and 10% dietary levels of cooked and toasted meals, respectively. The feed intake of the group on 10% raw Mucuna diet remained unexpectedly high

RESPONSE OF PIGLETS TO SUBOPTIMAL PROTEIN DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH LYSINE, METHIONINE, THREONINE AND TRYPTOPHAN

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANY CINQ-MARS ◽  
G. GOULET ◽  
G. J. BRISSON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Isocaloric Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

A 4-wk feeding trial was conducted with castrated piglets weaned between 18 and 21 d of age, and fed either 22, 29 or 17% crude protein isocaloric diets, adjusted to the same calculated content for total lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan. Piglets fed the 22 or 19% protein diets had the same feed intake, practically the same growth rate, and the same gain/feed ratio. Those fed the 17% protein diet had the same feed intake, but gained less than those fed the 19% protein diet. Therefore, it seems possible to lower the protein content of a weanling diet from 22 to 19%, provided that lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan are adjusted to the same calculated content. Key words: Piglets, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan

PERFORMANCE OF SELF-FED PIGS, FROM TWO BREED POPULATIONS DIFFERING IN GROWTH RATE, FROM 18 TO 90 kg LIVEWEIGHT WHEN FINISHER DIETS CONTAINED 0 OR 2.2 ppm BAMBERMYCINS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1013
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Finisher Diets

Seventy-two Lacombe and 72 Yorkshire pigs were separately assigned, at 18-kg average liveweight, to three replicates, each consising of three pens containing eight male castrates, eight gilts or four of each sex. A 16% protein, barley-wheat-soybean meal, diet was fed ad libitum until the pen weight averaged 34 kg. Subsequently, the eight pigs were divided between two adjacent pens and received a 14.5% protein, barley-soybean meal, diet supplemented with 0 or 2.2 ppm bambermycins (Flavomycin) up to 90-kg market weight. Growth rate in the Lacombe population was faster (P < 0.01) in both the growing (730 g/day) and finishing (906 g/day) periods than in the Yorkshires (547 and 767 g/day, respectively). Daily feed intakes were higher (P < 0.01) for the Lacombes (1727 and 3174 vs. 1392 and 2659 g/day, respectively) but gain:feed ratios and carcass measurements were similar in both breeds. Differences between castrates and gilts, for performance and carcass data, were relatively greater in the Yorkshires and appeared to be a result of the breed differences in feed intake. Results from mixed-sex pens were within the range of values obtained from unisex pens. Inclusion of bambermycins did not affect (P > 0.05) live performance or carcass measurements of pigs in either population, perhaps because the experimental conditions allowed a level of growth, in unsupplemented pigs, superior to those typical of commercial production. Key words: Market pigs, sex differences, live performance, carcass measurements, bambermycins, feed intake

EFFECT OF ALKALI TREATMENT AND AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF YELLOW AND ORIENTAL MUSTARD MEAL FOR SWINE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL ◽  
A. SHIRES ◽  
J. A. BLAKE ◽  
S. CAMPBELL ◽  
D. I. McGREGOR
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Protein Nitrogen

Mustard seed batches of Brassica hirta 'Sabre' and of B. juncea 'Oriental' were oil-extracted, treated with Na2CO3 solutions to provide 0, 1 and 2% Na2CO3 based on meal, heat-treated, fed to growing pigs in diets containing 16–17% protein and tested in digestibility trials. Heat treatment alone resulted in significant reductions in glucosinolate content, especially of the allyl type in B. juncea. Na2CO3 treatment reduced glucosinolate and sinapine contents by 20–40% and reduced available lysine by 15–20%. Growth responses of swine showed Oriental meal to be inferior to Sabre meal and both inferior to soybean meal. Digestibility of Sabre protein was 64%; digestibility of energy was 65%, giving 12.3 MJ digestible energy (DE) per kilogram. Digestibility of Oriental protein was 87%; digestibility of energy was 65%, giving 12.3 MJ DE/kg. The nutritional differences between the mustard meals and soybean meal were attributed to glucosinolates affecting palatability or thyroid function, since available energy, protein or lysine were not sufficiently limiting in the diets to account for the dietary responses obtained. Nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors, correcting for both the amino acid composition of the protein and for the non-protein nitrogen component, were about 4.43 and 4.95 for mustard meals and soybean meal respectively.

The nutritional value of zero-tannin faba bean for grower-finisher pigs

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Zijlstra ◽  
K. Lopetinsky ◽  
E. Beltranena
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Nutrient Profile

The nutrient profile of zero-tannin faba bean and its effects on performance and carcass characteristics of grower-finisher pigs was investigated. In exp. 1, chemical characteristics were analyzed. Faba bean contained (as fed) 27.5% crude protein (CP), 1.75% lysine, 0.88% threonine, and 0.21% methionine. Twelve 55-kg barrows were fitted with an ileal cannula and fed twice daily at 3 x maintenance either a 96% faba bean diet or a 62% faba bean diet containing cornstarch to measure apparent total tract energy and ileal amino acid (AA) digestibility, respectively, and calculate standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA and net energy (NE) content. After a 6-d acclimation, faeces were collected for 2 d and ileal digesta for 2 d. Apparent total tract energy digestibility, and digestible energy and NE content were 88.5%, and 3.47 and 2.27 Mcal kg-1 (as fed), respectively. Apparent ileal digestibility was 85.9, 76.1, and 74.1%, and SID AA content was 1.54, 0.70, and 0.16% (as fed), for lysine, threonine, and methionine, respectively. In exp. 2, 100 grower pigs in 20 pens were fed either a soybean or faba bean-based diet regimenfrom 35 to 115 kg. Diets were formulated to equal NE and SID [Grower (35 to 60 kg), 2.40/3.95; Finisher 1 (60 to 90 kg), gilts 2.38/3.15, barrows 2.38/2.76; Finisher 2 (90 to 115 kg), gilts 2.38/2.92, barrows 2.35/2.55; Mcal kg-1 NE/g SID lysine Mcal-1 NE, respectively] using determined NE and SID values for faba bean. Pigs were weighed, feed intake was measured, and carcass measurements were obtained. From 35 to 115 kg, average daily feed intake (ADFI; 2.58 and 2.56 kg d-1, respectively) and gain (0.96 and 0.98 kg d-1) did not differ between faba bean and soybean meal. Feed efficiency was 0.02 higher for soybean meal than for faba bean in the Grower phase (P < 0.05). At slaughter, back fat thickness did not differ; however, loin depth was 4.0 mm thicker for soybean meal than for faba bean (P < 0.05). In summary, zero-tannin faba bean has an attractive nutrient profile and does not alter ADFI or average daily gain (ADG) of grower-finisher pigs at inclusion rates up to 30%.The reduced feed efficiency in the Grower phase and reduced lean thickness for pigs fed faba bean indicate that dietary AA supply might have been limiting for the faba bean diets early in the study. In conclusion, the zero-tannin faba bean is a worthwhile energy and protein feedstuff to consider in swine feed formulation. Key words: Digestibility, energy, faba bean, growth performance, nutritional value, pig

NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF UNEXTRACTED AND EXTRACTED DEHULLED CANOLA RAPESEED FOR BROILER CHICKENS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SHIRES ◽  
J. M. BELL ◽  
R. BLAIR ◽  
J. A. BLAKE ◽  
P. FEDEC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Progressive Decrease ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Sulphur Amino Acids

Two experiments were conducted with broiler chickens from 1 day old to 4 wk of age to determine the nutritional value of unextracted and extracted dehulled canola rapeseed (DCS). In exp. 1, raw or autoclaved DCS at levels of 10 and 20% of the diet were compared with extracted DCS at levels of 5 and 10%. The inclusion of extracted DCS in the diet had no adverse effects on the performance of chicks. Dietary levels of 10 and 20% raw DCS resulted in a decrease in feed intake (P > 0.05) and weight gain (P < 0.05) and an increase in feed/gain ratio (P < 0.05). The performance of birds fed autocalved DCS was intermediate between that of birds fed raw or extracted DCS. Experiment 2 involved a comparison of extracted DCS at levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of the diet with variable or constant levels of dietary lysine and sulphur amino acids. Dietary levels of 20 and 30% extracted DCS resulted in a progressive decrease (P < 0.001) in feed intake and weight gain, and an increase (P < 0.001) in feed/gain ratio. Lysine supplementation improved the nutritional value of extracted DCS. It was concluded that canola rapeseed should be heated before feeding to broiler chickens. Autoclaved or extracted DCS may be included in the diet of broiler chickens at levels of 10% with no reduction in growth rate.

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