GROWTH AND METABOLIC PARAMETERS IN STEERS FED HIGH LEVELS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE AND LIMESTONE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. CROOM Jr. ◽  
R. W. HARVEY ◽  
D. M. AMARAL ◽  
J. W. SPEARS
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Key Words Sodium ◽  
Total Gain

Sixty-four yearling steers were fed a fattening diet plus 0.5% NaCl (control), 2% limestone, 5% NaCl, or 5% NaCl plus 2% limestone. Feeding 5% NaCl and 5% NaCl plus 2% limestone resulted in decreased total gain (P < 0.01), average daily gain (P < 0.01) and carcass weight (P < 0.05) while 5% NaCl decreased the efficiency of organic matter utilization (P < 0.05). Sodium chloride supplementation decreased ruminal pH and acetate to propionate ratio at day 62 but there was no effect of NaCl evident in samples collected on day 118. Blood glucose was decreased (P < 0.05) at days 62 and 118 in steers fed 5% NaCl and 5% NaCl plus 2% limestone. Supplementation with high levels of sodium chloride nonsignificantly increased the percentage of starch in cecal and colon digesta samples collected at slaughter. Also the NaCl treatment decreased pH (P < 0.05) in the colon and acetate to propionate ratio (P < 0.10) in the cecum. Although NaCl supplementation altered ruminal and digestive parameters, it did not result in increased performance. Key words: Sodium chloride, limestone, beef cattle, growth

Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande silage and concentrate levels in diets for beef cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. da Silva ◽  
O. G. Pereira ◽  
R. M. Martins ◽  
M. C. N. Agarussi ◽  
L. D. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Potential Use

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ruminal and intestinal digestion, the ruminal fermentation and the performance of beef cattle fed diets containing Stylosanthes silage (StS) and corn silage (CS). The treatments consisted of diets containing StS with different concentrate levels, based on dry matter (DM) (g/kg): 200 (StS-200), 400 (StS-400), 60 (StS-600), and a Control treatment with 600 g/kg CS and 400 g/kg concentrate (CS-400). In Experiment 1, 32 Nellore bulls, 364.28 ± 2.82 kg bodyweight, were distributed in a complete randomised design with eight replicates. Four Holstein × Zebu bulls (average bodyweight of 429 ± 15 kg) were used in Experiment 2, distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Nutrient intake was similar between StS-400 and CS-400 (P > 0.05), however, only StS-600 showed the same intake of total digestible nutrients as CS-400 (P < 0.05). Only the animals fed the StS-600 diet had similar (P > 0.05) average daily gain of carcass in comparison with those fed the Control diet. The StS-200 and StS-400 diets showed lower (P < 0.05) total tract digestibility of DM and crude protein than CS-400 (P < 0.05). Ruminal pH values of StS-200 and SE-400 were higher (P < 0.05) than in CS-400. The StS-600 diet showed a similar productive performance to CS in diets with 600 g/kg of concentrate, highlighting the potential use of this legume in diets for beef cattle in tropical conditions.

PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY CROSSES WITH THE HEREFORD IN A RANGE ENVIRONMENT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-724
Author(s):  
J. E. LAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Daily Gain

The performance of Brown-Swiss-, Holstein-, and Hereford-sired calves produced in a specific Hereford cow herd over 2 yr was evaluated in a southern Alberta range environment. Holstein × Hereford heifers exceeded Brown Swiss × Hereford and Hereford heifers in 200-day weight and 365-day weight, and lost less weight during the winter. Crossbred bull calves were heavier than Herefords in initial feedlot weight and 365-day weight, and had heavier and longer carcasses at the same age. Although the crossbreds consumed about 15% more digestible energy (DE) than the Herefords during the 168-day feedlot period, the three groups did not differ in megajoules (Mj) of dietary energy per kilogram of gain. Holstein × Hereford bulls had the highest feedlot average daily gain and the least fat cover over the longissimus dorsi. Brown Swiss × Hereford bulls had more lean, less marbling, and the highest cutability percent. An important aspect of the study was the demonstrated hardiness of the crossbred heifers derived from the apparently well-adapted Hereford cow herd in the tough range environment. Key words: Beef crosses, beef cattle performance, crossbreeding

GENETIC EFFECTS ON POSTWEANING GROWTH OF THREE-WAY CROSS BEEF CATTLE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
G. M. WEISS ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
J. A. NEWMAN ◽  
J. E. LAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Sire Breed

Genetic effects on postweaning growth traits were evaluated for 3592 crossbred steers and heifers fed at two locations, Brandon, Manitoba and Lacombe, Alberta during a 6-yr period (1973–1978). The calves were sired by Chianina (Chi), Charolais (C), Limousin (L) and Simmental (S) bulls mated to 10 F1 dam-crosses representing the Hereford × Angus (HA) and nine dam-cross combinations produced by mating C, S and L sires with H, A and Shorthorn (N) females. Progeny rankings by terminal sire breed for weight on-test were C = Chi = S > L. For the trait 140-d postweaning average daily gain, progeny rankings were C > Chi = S, C = Chi > L and Chi > S > L. The progeny from the majority of "exotic" cross-dams were heavier on-test, and had higher postweaning average daily gain than progeny from HA dams. Ranking of dam-crosses according to their breed of sire (DS) for the trait weight on-test were S > C > L. The DS comparisons for postweaning average daily gain were C > S > L. The ranking of dam-crosses by breed of dam's dam, for on-test weight and postweaning average daily gain were N > H = A. Genetic interactions (terminal sire by breed cross of dam) were absent. Genotype environment interactions involving breed of terminal sire with year, sex and location were found for weight on-test and postweaning average daily gain. All resulted from changes in the magnitude of breed of sire differences, not from changes in sire rankings. Key words: Cattle, breeds, cross breeding, growth

The effect of thickness of steam-rolled barley on its utilization by beef cattle

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hironaka ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin ◽  
T. J. Lysyk
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

All-concentrate diets consisting of thin-, medium- or coarse-rolled barley or whole barley were fed to 24 Hereford steers and 24 Hereford bulls. Digestibility trials and chewing studies were conducted on each of the diets. Cattle fed medium-rolled barley gained faster (P < 0.05) (1.62 kg d−1) than those fed thin-rolled (1.49 kg d−1) or whole barley (1.38 kg d−1), and cattle fed coarse-rolled barley gained faster (P < 0.05) (1.53 kg d−1) than those fed whole barley. The average daily gain was similar in cattle fed thin-rolled and whole barley. Feed intake was lower from week 2 to week 8 in cattle fed the thin- and medium-rolled barley diets than in those fed the coarse-rolled and whole-barley diets. Gain-to-feed ratio decreased as the thickness of the roll increased and was lowest in cattle fed whole barley. Energy, protein and starch digestibilities declined with thickness of roll and were lowest for the whole-barley diets. Ruminating time and the time ruminating per kilogram of feed increased as the thickness of the roll increased; rumination time was longest on the whole-barley diet. Key words: Beef cattle, barley, rolling, processing, rumination, digestibility

HIGH LEVELS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE IN BEEF CATTLE DIETS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. JAMES CROOM Jr. ◽  
R. W. HARVEY ◽  
M. FROETSCHEL ◽  
A. C. LINNERUD
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Finishing Steers

Trials were conducted to determine the effectiveness of adding elevated levels of NaCl and limestone to the diet of fattening beef steers as a means of improving feedlot performance. In Trial 1, 24 Hereford steers were fed high grain diets containing 0.5% (control), 3%, 5%, or 7% NaCl for 126 days. Growth and feed efficiency were not affected by level of NaCl, although feed intakes, organic matter intakes and carcass weights were reduced at the 7% level as compared with the control. Acetate to propionate ratio increased from 1.9 to 2.8 (P < 0.05) with NaCl supplementation while fecal starch tended to increase from 10.3% to 18.7% (P < 0.12). In Trial 2, 24 steers were fed finishing diets containing 0.5% NaCl (control), 2% limestone, 5% NaCl or 5% NaCl plus 2% limestone for 119 days. Steers consuming 5% NaCl or 5% NaCl plus 2% limestone showed 7.4% and 8.9% increases (P < 0.05) in efficiency of organic matter utilization over those fed the control diet. Addition of limestone to the 5% NaCl diet did not markedly increase performance over that seen with NaCl supplementation alone. Similar to Trail 1, fecal starch concentrations tended to increase (P < 0.10) in diets containing NaCl regardless of limestone supplementation. Use of 5% NaCl in the diet of finishing steers may be useful in increasing feed efficiency. Key words: Beef cattle, sodium chloride, high grain

A preliminary evaluation of growth and carcass traits in Alpine and Boer goat crosses

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
P. A. Day ◽  
N. Patrick ◽  
H. D. Scheer ◽  
D. Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Daily Gain

Birth weights of Boer (BO) sired kids were 9% higher than Alpine (AL) sired kids. Weaning, 160 d weight and preweaning average daily gain (ADG) were similar for the AL × AL, AL × SA and BO × AL. Breed of dam was significant (P < 0.02) for birth, weaning, 100-d weight, and preweaning ADG. Similar dressing percentage (DP) and ribeye muscle area (REA) were observed among AL × AL, AL × SP, and BO × SP crosses. Key words: Crossbreeding, Boer, Alpine, growth, carcass, ultrasound

Corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based backgrounding beef cattle diets: Effect on growth and efficiency during the backgrounding and finishing periods

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Swanson ◽  
M. Ko ◽  
C. J. Mader
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based diets on backgrounding calf performance and subsequent feedlot performance. Crossbred steers [n = 48, initial body weight (BW) = 303 ± 3.4 kg] were individually fed dietary treatments consisting of: (1) haylage [17.5% crude protein, dry matter (DM) basis; control], (2) haylage + 20% (DM basis) cracked corn, and (3) haylage + 20% (DM basis) soybean hulls during a 112-d backgrounding period. After the backgrounding period, all steers were adapted to a common high moisture corn-based finishing diet and fed until an ultrasound estimated backfat thickness of 7 mm was obtained. During the backgrounding period, steers fed cracked corn or soybean hulls had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain, dry matter intake and gain:feed and lower (P = 0.05) plasma urea N as compared with controls. However, when finished on a common high-concentrate diet, steers previously fed cracked corn had greater (P < 0.08) average daily gain, final body weight, and longissimus muscle area than those fed soybean hulls, suggesting that source of supplemental energy during the backgrounding period may influence subsequent feedlot performance. Key words: Beef cattle, backgrounding, energy supplementation

HERITABILITIES AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR ULTRASONIC BACKFAT MEASUREMENTS, GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN SWINE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. JEFFRIES ◽  
R. G. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Season Interaction

Genetic parameters were estimated for 2403 purebred Yorkshire pigs over a 2-yr period, representing 21 sires. The traits studied included average daily gain, age adjusted to 90 kg, ultrasonic measurements of backfat at the mid-back and loin positions, total and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat and corresponding carcass backfat measurements. Least squares analyses were used to estimate and adjust for the effects of sex, year-season and sex by year-season interaction. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were calculated for all traits using both half- and full-sib estimates. Adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat measurements were found to have the highest heritabilities of the live traits in this study. Estimates of heritability for adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat were 0.24 ± 0.10 and 0.26 ± 0.10 based on half-sib and 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.41 ± 0.06 from full-sib analyses. The genetic correlation between these two traits was −0.07 ± 0.28 based on the half-sib method. The total phenotypic correlation was −0.01 ± 0.02. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic backfat, heritabilities, genetic correlations

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suplementasi Ampas Tahu, Ampas Tempe dan Ampas Kecap dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Domba Lokal Jantan

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eka Handayanta
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Gain

<p class="Style2"><em>The aim of this research to determine the effect of supplementation of tofu. </em><em>tempe, and soy sauce waste in ration on male local sheep performance. This </em><em>research was carried out during three month, take place on July until October </em><em>200E in Minifarm Dept. of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret </em><em>University, located in Jatikuwung. Gondangrejo, Karanganyar. It used </em><em>12 </em><em>male </em><em>local sheeps with average body weight of </em><em>15.86 ±0.93 </em><em>kg, divided into four treatments and three replications, each replication consist of one sheep.</em><em> </em><em>The ration consisted of king grass only as basal diet, </em><em>as many as four percent </em><em>base on body weight. The treatment given is in the form of feed supplement, that </em><em>namely without supplement </em><em>(RO), </em><em>250 </em><em>gram tofu waste (R1), </em><em>250 </em><em>gram tempe </em><em>waste </em><em>(R2), and </em><em>250 </em><em>gram soy sauce waste </em><em>(R3). </em><em>The data variables collected </em><em>were </em><em>feed consumption, dry and organic matter digestibility, crude protein </em><em>consumption, energy consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. </em><em>All of data except average daily gain was analyzed by completely randomized </em><em>design one way classification. While average daily gain was analyzed by </em><em>covariance analyze. The result were significant followed by Duncan new multiple </em><em>range test.</em><em> </em><em>The result showed that average of </em><em>R0, RI, </em><em>R2 and </em><em>R3 </em><em>for feed consumption </em><em>430.52; 720.44; 704.44; 549.08 </em><em>gram/day, dry matter digestibility (%) </em><em>61,07; 72,46; 69,68: 63,60, organic matter digestibility (%) </em><em>64,41: 74,94; 72.41; 64,7 1, </em><em>crude protein consumption 47.66; 106.77; 85.83; 73.70 gram/day, energy consumption </em><em>281.82; 482.65; 432.67; 330.83 </em><em>gram/day, average daily gain </em><em>50.00.</em><em><sup>­</sup></em><em>1X00: 116.19; 38.10 </em><em>gram/day and feed conversion ratio </em><em>8.74; 5.61; 6.06; 15.2. </em><em>The result of variance analyze showed that feed supplementation have highly </em><em>significant effect (P&lt;0.01) on all of the data variable colected. Conclusion of this </em><em>research was supplementation of tofu waste and tempe waste could improved </em><em>performance, while soy sauce waste could not improved the performance of male </em><em>local sheep.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><em>Key words : sheep, tofu waste, tempe waste, soy sauce waste, performance</em>

Evaluation of the bloodless castration procedure for feedlot bulls

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. ZoBell ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
K. Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Daily Gain

Studies were undertaken to evaluate bloodless castration (B) based on growth and carcass traits. During the first 28 d, bloodless and surgical (S) castrates showed a 51–53% and 68–73% reduction in average daily gain, respectively, compared with intact bulls (I) (P < 0.05) in two trials. Bulls grew faster than steers overall. Carcass traits and grade were similar for B, S and I (P > 0.05). Key words: Bloodless, surgical, castration, growth, carcass traits

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