GEOGRAPHICAL VARIABILITY OF THE ZINC, MANGANESE AND IRON CONCENTRATIONS OF FORAGES GROWN IN NORTHWESTERN MANITOBA

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BOILA ◽  
T. J. DEVLIN ◽  
R. A. DRYSDALE ◽  
L. E. LILLIE
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Entire Study Area

From two or three sites per township (93.24 km2), in the cattle-producing area of Northwestern Manitoba, 612 grass and 271 legume samples were collected and analyzed for zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). Analyses were reported on an air-dry basis of approximately 90% dry matter. Within subregions, the mean Zn concentration ranged from 18.6 to 22.0 mg/kg and the mean Mn concentration ranged from 24.1 to 45.1 mg/kg for grass samples. The mean concentrations for the legume samples ranged from 17.8 to 25.5 mg/kg for Zn and 15.6 and 25.6 mg/kg for Mn. The mean Zn content in the legume samples was 3–5 mg/kg higher (P < 0.05) than that of the grass samples in three of seven subregions. In six of seven subregions the mean Mn content was 5–10 mg/kg higher (P < 0.05) in the grass than the legume samples. The range of Fe concentration was 31.3–1044.5 mg/kg for grass and 29.8–617.2 mg/kg for legume samples. Mean Fe for the entire study area was 107.6 and 93.6 mg/kg for grass and legume samples, respectively. For grazing cattle in Northwestern Manitoba, forages were deficient in Zn and Mn to varying degrees, with excessive intakes of Fe through soil contamination of forages possible. Recommendations for supplemental Zn and Mn should apply to the entire study area, and be based on the difference between the mineral content of forages and the requirement of cattle. Key words: Cattle, forage, minerals, zinc, manganese, iron

scholarly journals Application of two phosphorus models with different complexities in a mesoscale river catchment

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Guse ◽  
A. Bronstert ◽  
M. Rode ◽  
B. Tetzlaff ◽  
F. Wendland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Phosphorus Transport ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Entire Study Area

Abstract. The water balance and phosphorus inputs of surface waters of the Weiße Elster catchment, Germany, have been quantified using the models GROWA/MEPhos and SWAT. A comparison of the model results shows small differences in the mean long-term total runoff for the entire study area. All relevant pathways of phosphorus transport were considered in MEPhos with phosphorus inputs resulting to about 65% from point sources. SWAT focuses on agricultural areas and estimates a phosphorus input of about 60% through erosion. The mean annual phosphorus input from erosion calculated with SWAT is six times higher than the estimation with MEPhos due to the differing model concepts. This shows the uncertainty contributed by the modelling description of phosphorus pathways.

scholarly journals Mapping the Vector Abundance of Endemic Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Southern Quebec

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Allostry ◽  
Antoinette Ludwig ◽  
Serge Olivier Kotchi ◽  
François Rousseu ◽  
Richard Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Coquillettidia Perturbans ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Minimum Temperature ◽  
Entire Study Area ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract Background: Climate change is increasing the dispersion of mosquitoes and the spread of viruses of which some mosquitoes are the main vectors. This increases the risk of humans coming into contact with infected mosquitoes and developing diseases with sometimes fatal consequences. In Quebec, the surveillance and management of endemic mosquito-borne diseases, such as West Nile virus or Eastern equine encephalitis, could be improved by mapping the areas of risk supporting vector populations. However, there is currently no active tool tailored to Quebec that can predict annual mosquito population abundances. Methods: Our modelling approach is designed to meet this need. Four species of mosquitos were studied in this project for the period from 2003 to 2014 for the southern part of the province: Aedes vexans (VEX), Coquillettidia perturbans (CQP), Culex pipiens-restuans group (CPRg) and Ochlerotatus stimulans group (STMg) species. We used a mixed linear regression approach to model the abundances of each species or species groups as a function of meteorological and land cover variables. Results: The best models incorporate, for CPRg, the agricultural land, grassland and woodland classes and the average minimum temperature in September of the previous year; for STMg, the urban and woodland classes and the mean precipitation in June; for CQP, urban areas and the mean precipitation in January and August; and finally, for VEX, the agricultural land class and the mean precipitation in January, February and September. Conclusions: The models proved to be robust and precise over almost the entire study area, and the presence of significant climate variables for each of the species or species groups makes it possible to consider their use in predicting long-term spatial variations, based on climate and landscape change, in the abundance of mosquitoes potentially harmful to public health in southern Quebec.

scholarly journals Uptake of Mn and Zn by Cucumber Grown in Closed Hydroponic Systems as Influenced by the Mn and Zn Concentrations in the Supplied Nutrient Solution

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Tzerakis ◽  
Dimitrios Savvas ◽  
Nick Sigrimis ◽  
Georgios Mavrogiannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Hydroponic Systems ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Supply Level

The objective of the present experiment was to estimate the uptake of manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) by cucumber in closed hydroponic systems at different Mn and Zn concentrations in the recycled nutrient solution under Mediterranean climatic conditions. The obtained data might be used to manage Mn and Zn supply in closed hydroponic crops of cucumber grown in Mediterranean greenhouses and avoid their accumulation to toxic levels. Four Mn levels (10, 40, 80, 120 μM) at a standard Zn concentration (6 μM) and four Zn levels (6, 20, 40, 60 μM) at a standard Mn concentration (10 μM) in the solution supplied to compensate for nutrient and water uptake by plants were applied as experimental treatments. The actual uptake concentrations of Mn and Zn were estimated by applying two different methods. The first method was based on the removal of Mn, Zn, and water from the recycling nutrient solution, whereas the second method was based on the total quantities of Mn and Zn that were recovered in plant biomass in combination with the total water uptake. Both methods gave similar uptake concentrations for Mn in the low-Mn supply level and Zn in all Zn levels. However, in the three higher Mn supply levels, the values estimated on the basis of nutrient removal from the recirculating nutrient solution were significantly higher than those found by measuring the total Mn content in plant biomass. These discrepancies in the three high-Mn treatments were possibly caused by partial immobilization of Mn by oxidizing bacteria in the nutrient solution.

scholarly journals Characterization of Bioactive Compounds, Mineral Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Bean Varieties Grown with Traditional Methods in Oaxaca, Mexico

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Armendáriz-Fernández ◽  
Ibeth Herrera-Hernández ◽  
Ezequiel Muñoz-Márquez ◽  
Esteban Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the current study is to characterize the bean varieties produced in the State of Oaxaca (Mexico) with the purpose of selecting varieties with the potential of being biofortified with micronutrients. Eleven bean varieties representative of the State of Oaxaca (Mexico) were harvested, the color was characterized and the physicochemical analysis, mineral content, antioxidant capacity, reducing power, and bioactive compounds were determined. Data obtained were subjected to a variance analysis for the difference between the means of the bean varieties studied through the 95% Tukey test. The results obtained show the significant difference was found among the 11 bean varieties harvested in Oaxaca (México). The analysis found five outstanding varieties with a larger quantity of favorable characteristics on the iron, zinc, protein content, antioxidant capacity and reducing power. The outstanding varieties relating Fe and Zn content were Michigan for Fe 67.4 ppm, Sangre de Toro 62.4 ppm, which showed the larger content of antioxidant capacity (82.12%) scavenging activity and Biche for Zn 34.7 ppm. The variety with a larger quantity of protein (26.66%) was Biche bean, followed by the Peruano bean with 24.91% of protein. The variety with larger content of reducing power 0.16% was Blanco Michigan bean. Lastly, it is also remarkable that such outstanding bean varieties are important to include in a biofortification program with micro-nutrients to improve the food safety and the nutrition in vulnerable communities of the urban and rural sector of Oaxaca (Mexico).

scholarly journals Clot accumulation at the tip of hemodialysis catheters in a large animal model

2020 ◽  
pp. 112972982098361
Author(s):  
Michael G. Tal ◽  
Ron Livne ◽  
Rotem Neeman
Keyword(s):  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Side Hole ◽  
Hemodialysis Catheter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: The issue of side holes in the tips of the tunneled cuffed central venous catheters is complex and has been subject to longstanding debate. This study sought to compare the clotting potential of the side-hole-free Pristine hemodialysis catheter with that of a symmetric catheter with side holes. Methods: Both jugular veins of five goats were catheterized with the two different catheters. The catheters were left in place for 4 weeks and were flushed and locked with heparin thrice weekly. The aspirated intraluminal clot length was assessed visually prior to each flushing. In addition, the size and weight of the clot were recorded upon catheter extraction at the end of the 4-week follow-up Results: The mean intraluminal clot length observed during the entire study follow-up measured up to a mean of 0.66 cm in the GlidePath (95% CI, 0.14–1.18) and 0.19 cm in the Pristine hemodialysis catheter (95% CI, −0.33 to 0.71), the difference being statistically significant ( p = 0.026). On average, 0.01 g and 0.07 g of intraluminal clot were retrieved from the Pristine and GlidePath catheters, respectively ( p = 0.052). Conclusion: The Pristine hemodialysis catheter was largely superior to a standard side hole catheter in impeding clot formation, and, contrary to the side hole catheter, allowed for complete aspiration of the intraluminal clot.

scholarly journals Accumulation and distribution of zinc and manganese in aquatic ecosystem of Yavoriv water reservoir, Lviv region, Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Dobryanska ◽  
D. O. Yanovych ◽  
T. M. Shvets ◽  
A. A. Butsyak
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Bottom Deposits ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Water Bottom

The paper presents results of investigations of zinc and manganese concentration in the water, bottom deposits and ichthyofauna of Yavoriv water reservoir, which was formed in 2002 in frames of project of Yavoriv sulfur quarry revitalization. Mentioned elements are characterized by wide spectrum of action in fish body, which, depending on their concentration, can be either physiologic or toxic. It was revealed, that concentration of Zn and Mn in the water of Yavoriv water reservoir varied considerably depending on place of samples taking. The lowest Zn concentration in the water was below 1 MPL (maximum permitted level), namely 0.6 µg/l, and the highest – more than 7 MPL (70.5 µg/l). Similar differences were observed concerning Mn concentration in the water – the range of determined values varied from 3.3 (0.3 MPL) to 48.6 µg/l. The same peculiarities of Zn and Mn distribution were estimated in regard to their content in bottom deposits. In particular, difference of Zn concentration in samples of bottom deposits was near 23 times – from 5.4 to 230.0 mg/kg depending on the point of samples taking. Mn content in bottom deposits varies from 61.5 to 1500 mg/kg. Zn and Mn concentration in skeletal muscles, gills and skin of perch and rudd didn’t exceed MPL regardless their content in the water and bottom deposits. In most of cases, gills accumulated these elements more than other investigated tissues.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal patterns of macrourid fish species in the northern Mediterranean Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (S1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Cristina García-Ruiz ◽  
Manuel Hidalgo ◽  
Paolo Carpentieri ◽  
Ulla Fernandez-Arcaya ◽  
Palma Gaudio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
First Time ◽  
Entire Study Area

The present study describes for the first time the spatial distribution of five macrourid species throughout the Mediterranean Sea and analyses depth, geographical and time-related trends regarding their abundance, biomass and mean fish weight. The data were collected as part of the MEDITS annual bottom trawl survey carried out by several European Mediterranean countries from 1994 to 2015, using the same standardized gear and sampling protocol. The most represented species in terms of abundance and biomass was Coelorinchus caelorhincus. The bathymetric trend was different for each species. The shallowest occurring species was C. caelorhincus, followed by Hymenocephalus italicus and Nezumia sclerorhynchus, while Nezumia aequalis and Trachyrincus scabrus were the deepest. Overall, the mean weight of all the species increased with depth. C. caelorhincus and H. italicus occurred in the entire study area: the first species showed relatively high catches in most areas, while the second was more abundant in the central and easternmost areas. N. aequalis and T. scabrus were mainly reported in the western basin, and N. sclerorhynchus in the central-eastern areas of the Mediterranean. An increasing inter-annual trend in abundance was only detected for C. caelorhincus and N. sclerorhynchus, while variable fluctuations were observed in the other species.

scholarly journals Mapping the Vector Abundance of Endemic Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Southern Quebec

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Allostry ◽  
Antoinette Ludwig ◽  
Serge Olivier Kotchi ◽  
François Rousseu ◽  
Richard Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Coquillettidia Perturbans ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Minimum Temperature ◽  
Entire Study Area ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract Background: Climate change is increasing the dispersion of mosquitoes and the spread of viruses of which some mosquitoes are the main vectors. This increases the risk of humans coming into contact with infected mosquitoes and developing diseases with sometimes fatal consequences. In Quebec, the surveillance and management of endemic mosquito-borne diseases, such as West Nile virus or Eastern equine encephalitis, could be improved by mapping the areas of risk supporting vector populations. However, there is currently no active tool tailored to Quebec that can predict annual mosquito population abundances.Methods: Our modelling approach is designed to meet this need. Four species of mosquitos were studied in this project for the period from 2003 to 2014 for the southern part of the province: Aedes vexans (VEX), Coquillettidia perturbans (CQP), Culex pipiens-restuans group (CPRg) and Ochlerotatus stimulans group (STMg) species. We used a mixed linear regression approach to model the abundances of each species or species groups as a function of meteorological and land cover variables.Results: The best models incorporate, for CPRg, the agricultural land, grassland and woodland classes and the average minimum temperature in September of the previous year; for STMg, the urban and woodland classes and the mean precipitation in June; for CQP, urban areas and the mean precipitation in January and August; and finally, for VEX, the agricultural land class and the mean precipitation in January, February and September.Conclusions: The models proved to be robust and precise over almost the entire study area, and the presence of significant climate variables for each of the species or species groups makes it possible to consider their use in predicting long-term spatial variations, based on climate and landscape change, in the abundance of mosquitoes potentially harmful to public health in southern Quebec.Manuscript intended for publication in International J. of Health Geographics

The Effect of Vocabulary Intervention on Text Comprehension: Who Benefits?

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawna Duff
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Classroom Instruction ◽  
Vocabulary Instruction ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
Vocabulary Intervention ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Purpose Vocabulary intervention can improve comprehension of texts containing taught words, but it is unclear if all middle school readers get this benefit. This study tests 2 hypotheses about variables that predict response to vocabulary treatment on text comprehension: gains in vocabulary knowledge due to treatment and pretreatment reading comprehension scores. Method Students in Grade 6 ( N = 23) completed a 5-session intervention based on robust vocabulary instruction (RVI). Knowledge of the semantics of taught words was measured pre- and posttreatment. Participants then read 2 matched texts, 1 containing taught words (treated) and 1 not (untreated). Treated texts and taught word lists were counterbalanced across participants. The difference between text comprehension scores in treated and untreated conditions was taken as a measure of the effect of RVI on text comprehension. Results RVI resulted in significant gains in knowledge of taught words ( d RM = 2.26) and text comprehension ( d RM = 0.31). The extent of gains in vocabulary knowledge after vocabulary treatment did not predict the effect of RVI on comprehension of texts. However, untreated reading comprehension scores moderated the effect of the vocabulary treatment on text comprehension: Lower reading comprehension was associated with greater gains in text comprehension. Readers with comprehension scores below the mean experienced large gains in comprehension, but those with average/above average reading comprehension scores did not. Conclusion Vocabulary instruction had a larger effect on text comprehension for readers in Grade 6 who had lower untreated reading comprehension scores. In contrast, the amount that children learned about taught vocabulary did not predict the effect of vocabulary instruction on text comprehension. This has implications for the identification of 6th-grade students who would benefit from classroom instruction or clinical intervention targeting vocabulary knowledge.

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

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