scholarly journals Characterization of Bioactive Compounds, Mineral Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Bean Varieties Grown with Traditional Methods in Oaxaca, Mexico

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Armendáriz-Fernández ◽  
Ibeth Herrera-Hernández ◽  
Ezequiel Muñoz-Márquez ◽  
Esteban Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the current study is to characterize the bean varieties produced in the State of Oaxaca (Mexico) with the purpose of selecting varieties with the potential of being biofortified with micronutrients. Eleven bean varieties representative of the State of Oaxaca (Mexico) were harvested, the color was characterized and the physicochemical analysis, mineral content, antioxidant capacity, reducing power, and bioactive compounds were determined. Data obtained were subjected to a variance analysis for the difference between the means of the bean varieties studied through the 95% Tukey test. The results obtained show the significant difference was found among the 11 bean varieties harvested in Oaxaca (México). The analysis found five outstanding varieties with a larger quantity of favorable characteristics on the iron, zinc, protein content, antioxidant capacity and reducing power. The outstanding varieties relating Fe and Zn content were Michigan for Fe 67.4 ppm, Sangre de Toro 62.4 ppm, which showed the larger content of antioxidant capacity (82.12%) scavenging activity and Biche for Zn 34.7 ppm. The variety with a larger quantity of protein (26.66%) was Biche bean, followed by the Peruano bean with 24.91% of protein. The variety with larger content of reducing power 0.16% was Blanco Michigan bean. Lastly, it is also remarkable that such outstanding bean varieties are important to include in a biofortification program with micro-nutrients to improve the food safety and the nutrition in vulnerable communities of the urban and rural sector of Oaxaca (Mexico).

scholarly journals Characterization of Bioactive Compounds, Mineral Content and Antioxidant Capacity in Bean Varieties Grown in Semi-Arid Conditions in Zacatecas, Mexico

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibeth Herrera-Hernández ◽  
Karen Armendáriz-Fernández ◽  
Ezequiel Muñoz-Márquez ◽  
Juan Sida-Arreola ◽  
Esteban Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Black Beans ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Navy Beans ◽  
Semi Arid

This research describes the characterization of bioactive compounds, mineral content, and antioxidant capacity in bean varieties grown in semi-arid conditions in Zacatecas, Mexico. This will provide better progress perspectives for agriculture nationwide and will ensure that bean crops are in the condition to satisfy the population’s nutritional needs by placing it not only as one of the foodstuffs comprising Mexico’s basic diet but also as one of the legumes having greater biofortification potential in Mexico. Eleven bean varieties were collected (flor de mayo, bayo, frijola, patola, navy beans, flor de junio, reata beans, Japanese beans, black beans, canary beans, and pinto Saltillo). The evaluation done included the physical and physico-chemical characteristics, as well as the mineral content, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of these bean varieties. Data gathered were subject to a variance and mean separation analysis. The most remarkable individual results were as follows: Canary beans had the highest iron content (105.29 mg/kg), while bayo beans had the highest zinc concentration (48.18 mg/kg) and reata beans had the highest level of protein (26.88%). The varieties showing the most remarkable results with regard to zinc, iron and protein content and antioxidant capacity were as follows: Flor de junio, flor de mayo, reata beans, navy beans and pinto Saltillo; however, the most remarkable variety in comprehensive terms was flor de junio, which showed a reducing power of 0.20%, an antioxidant capacity of 80.62% inhibition, a protein content of 0.17%, in addition to Ca (0.24%), Fe (90.97 mg/kg), Zn (27.23 mg/kg), fiber (3.22%), energy (353.50 kcal), phenols (94.82 mg gallic acid (GA)/g extract) and flavonoids (1.30 mg mg Cat/g−1 dw). Finally, we came to the conclusion that beans grown in Zacatecas, Mexico, offer a huge benefit to consumers as a result of the mineral, protein, fiber, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity contributions such beans provide. Thus, these beans can be used in a biofortification program using micronutrients to improve their nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Goldenrod, Milkweed and Multifloral Honeys Based on Botanical Origin, Antioxidant Capacity and Mineral Content

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Marianna Kocsis ◽  
Alexandra Bodó ◽  
Tamás Kőszegi ◽  
Rita Csepregi ◽  
Rita Filep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Multifloral Honey ◽  
Melissopalynological Analysis

The goal of the study was to evaluate the pollen spectrum, antioxidant capacity and mineral content of four Hungarian honey types, using multivariate statistical analysis. The light colored honeys were represented by milkweed honey and a multifloral (MF) honey with dominant pollen frequency of linden (MF-Tilia); the darker ones were goldenrod honey and a multifloral honey with Lamiaceae pollen majority (MF-Lamiaceae). The pollen spectrum of the samples was established with melissopalynological analysis. The absorbance of the honeys positively correlated with the antioxidant capacity determined with three of the used methods (TRC, TEAC, DPPH), but not with ORAC. The latter method correlated negatively also with other antioxidant methods and with most of the mineral values. MF-Tilia had high ORAC value, K and Na content. The MF-Lamiaceae had the highest K, Mg, P, S, Cu and Zn content, the last five elements showing strict correlation with the TRC method. The darker goldenrod honey had higher SET values and total mineral content, than the milkweed honey. The above character-sets facilitate identification of each honey type and serve as indicators of variety. The antioxidant levels and mineral content of honeys allowed their clear separation by principal component analysis (PCA).

Investigation of the Effectiveness of Boulevard Roadways

1998 ◽  
Vol 1635 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Castronovo ◽  
Paul W. Dorothy ◽  
Thomas L. Maleck
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Accident Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S

The state of Michigan has been constructing directional crossovers in the medians of boulevard roadways since the 1960s to alleviate the congestion and interlocking that were occurring at bidirectional crossover locations. The objective of this research is to investigate the safety benefits of divided roadway and directional crossover median designs. An investigation of the mean accident rates of roadways with boulevards compared to the mean accident rates of roadways with continuous center left-turn lanes revealed that there is a significant difference, with boulevard roadways having a lower mean accident rate for those Michigan roadways investigated. Investigation into the difference of the mean accident rates for boulevard roadways with medians of different widths indicated that roadways with medians greater than 9.15 m (30 ft) but less than 18.30 m (60 ft) had the lowest mean accident rate of the three median categories investigated. The difference was significant for most accident types when compared to roadways with medians less than or equal to 9.15 m (30 ft) and greater or equal to 18.30 m (60 ft). The investigation of the accident rates for boulevard roadways with directional and bidirectional signalized crossovers, while not conclusive, indicated that boulevard roadways with direction crossovers had a lower mean accident rate than boulevard roadways with bidirectional crossovers for signalized roadways.

scholarly journals Ripe Ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata miller) fruits express high contents of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Priscilla Gomes da Silva ◽  
Poliana Cristina Spricigo ◽  
Thais Pádua de Freitas ◽  
Thiago Machado da Silva Acioly ◽  
Severino Matias de Alencar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Pereskia aculeata Miller is a native cactaceae found from the Northeast to the South of Brazil. This plant is recognized by the high nutritional value of their leaves, which are the most used in cooking and folk medicine. However, studies on the chemical characteristics and antioxidant capacity of the ora-pro-nobis fruits are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the best harvest point of the ora-pro-nobis fruits to optimize the content of bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity. The fruits were manually harvested, defined by their peel colors in three maturity stages: unripe (green), intermediate (yellowish green), and ripe (yellow) stages. The following attributes were evaluated: soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pH, and content of bioactive compounds, such as total chlorophylls, carotenoids, yellow flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity. There was a decrease in the content of chlorophyll followed by an increase in the of total carotenoids and yellow flavonoids, due to the maturity stage. For the total phenolic compounds, it was not observed significant difference between the stages. The antioxidant capacity was quantified by the ORAC method in lyophilized pulp in the unripe (1.95 mmol 100 g-1 trolox) and ripe (3.85 mmol 100 g-1 trolox) stages. The lowest contents were observed in the intermediate (0.80 mmol 100 g-1 trolox in lyophilized pulp) stage. The maturity stage significantly influenced the bioactive compounds of ora-pro-nobis, which presented higher values of total carotenoids, yellow flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity in ripe fruits.

scholarly journals Impact of refrigerated storage on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of two Algerian carrot varieties (Daucus carota L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-31
Author(s):  
L. Arkoub-Djermoune ◽  
H. Louaileche ◽  
F. Benmeziane ◽  
K. Madani ◽  
L. Boulekbache-Makhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Daucus Carota L

Abstract Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is one of the main root vegetables rich in bioactive compounds with appreciable health-promoting properties, largely consumed in Algeria. In the current study, the storage effect (at 4 °C throughout 12 days) on bioactive compound stability and the antioxidant activity of two Algerian orange carrot varieties (Supermuscade and Touchon) were investigated. Total phenolic content of samples was determined by the Folin–Ciocâlteu method. Antioxidant capacity was determined spectrophotometrically, based on the evaluation of Free Radical Scavenging Activity (FRSA) using DPPH radical and Ferric Reducing Power (FRP). The results showed that the Touchon variety is richer in phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids and presents higher antioxidant activity in comparison with the Supermuscade variety. At the end of storage, the bioactive compound content and antiradical activity increased significantly (p < 0.05). Also, an extremely significant correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between the antioxidant contents and the antioxidant capacities of aqueous carrot extracts.

GEOGRAPHICAL VARIABILITY OF THE ZINC, MANGANESE AND IRON CONCENTRATIONS OF FORAGES GROWN IN NORTHWESTERN MANITOBA

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BOILA ◽  
T. J. DEVLIN ◽  
R. A. DRYSDALE ◽  
L. E. LILLIE
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Entire Study Area

From two or three sites per township (93.24 km2), in the cattle-producing area of Northwestern Manitoba, 612 grass and 271 legume samples were collected and analyzed for zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). Analyses were reported on an air-dry basis of approximately 90% dry matter. Within subregions, the mean Zn concentration ranged from 18.6 to 22.0 mg/kg and the mean Mn concentration ranged from 24.1 to 45.1 mg/kg for grass samples. The mean concentrations for the legume samples ranged from 17.8 to 25.5 mg/kg for Zn and 15.6 and 25.6 mg/kg for Mn. The mean Zn content in the legume samples was 3–5 mg/kg higher (P < 0.05) than that of the grass samples in three of seven subregions. In six of seven subregions the mean Mn content was 5–10 mg/kg higher (P < 0.05) in the grass than the legume samples. The range of Fe concentration was 31.3–1044.5 mg/kg for grass and 29.8–617.2 mg/kg for legume samples. Mean Fe for the entire study area was 107.6 and 93.6 mg/kg for grass and legume samples, respectively. For grazing cattle in Northwestern Manitoba, forages were deficient in Zn and Mn to varying degrees, with excessive intakes of Fe through soil contamination of forages possible. Recommendations for supplemental Zn and Mn should apply to the entire study area, and be based on the difference between the mineral content of forages and the requirement of cattle. Key words: Cattle, forage, minerals, zinc, manganese, iron

scholarly journals The Differences of Anxiety Scores in the Pangkalan-I Defense Battalion Warriors, Belawan between the Pandemic Time COVID-19 and the Normal Period Before Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T3) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Zulfikar Chandra S. Harahap ◽  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Nazli Mahdinasari Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Health Service Provider ◽  
T Score ◽  
Normal Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Military

Background: COVID-19 has caused changes in people's living conditions and has brought harmful psychological effects such as anxiety. The military has an important role as a health service provider in particular and accelerates control in disasters such as COVID-19. Mental health in the rapid adaptation of the military is an important thing in carrying out its duties. Objective: This study is to determine the adaptability of the Belawan Defense Marine Battalion Soldiers in dealing with situations that have never been faced before. Methods: This study is a paired numerical comparative analytical study using a retrospective approach. By assessing the difference in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) score and also the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait (STAI-T) score during the COVID-19 pandemic and normal conditions before the pandemic, with the study population of Marine Defense Battalion Soldiers Base- I Belawan. Results: the median of the STAI-S score during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Belawan Defense Base-I Marine Battalion Soldier is 35 with a minimum value of 20 and a maximum value of 55. There is a significant difference between the STAI-S score during the COVID-19 pandemic and normal conditions at Belawan I-Base Defense Marine Battalion Soldiers (p <0.001). There was no significant difference between the STAI-T score between the COVID-19 pandemic and the normal condition of the Belawan I-Base Marine Defense Battalion Soldiers (p = 0.45). Conclusion: There was a tendency for anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to normal conditions in the Belawan I Base Defense Marine Battalion soldier.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical characterization of the pulp and peel of Brazilian Pitomba (Talisia esculenta (A. St.-Hill.) Radlk)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e122911774
Author(s):  
Layanne Nascimento Fraga ◽  
Anne Karoline de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Pinheiro Aragão ◽  
Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
Elma Regina Silva de Andrade Wartha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
The State ◽  
High Income ◽  
Fresh Sample ◽  
Physico Chemical

This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical composition and bioactive compounds of pulp and the peel of the pitomba arising from the state of Sergipe/Brazil. The income, the physico-chemical characterization, mineral content, vitamin C and carotenoids of pulp and pitomba peel were determined. The peel presented high income (44,60% of the fruit). A significant amount of vitamin C (20,68 ± 2,93 mg/100g of fresh sample) and carotenoids (43,56 ± 2,04 μg/mL of the extract) were observed in the pulp, while the peel had a high mineral content, mainly potassium (223,00 ± 2,00 mg/100g), calcium (78,90 ± 0,40 mg/100g) and magnesium (47,50 ± 0,90 mg/100g). The constituents’ knowledge of the peel and pulp of the pitomba in natura adds value to the fruit, since it allows a better use of it, considering that the peel is discarded and only its pulp is consumed.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THERMAL PROCESSING ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF COWPEA CULTIVARS

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODRIGO BARBOSA MONTEIRO CAVALCANTE ◽  
MARCOS ANTÔNIO DA MOTA ARAÚJO ◽  
MAURISRAEL DE MOURA ROCHA ◽  
REGILDA SARAIVA DOS REIS MOREIRA-ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Student’S T

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effect of cooking on the centesimal compositions, the content of bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities in beans of the cowpea cultivars. The beans were cooked without soaking (1:5 w/v) in a pressure cooker for 780 seconds. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test to determine the difference between means of raw and cooked beans. One-way ANOVA: post-hoc Tukey’s test was applied at 5% to compare the data of the cultivars. Significant difference (p 0.05) was noted between the moisture contents of samples, with values ranging from 10.69 to 11.37% in the raw beans and 63.32 to 75.43% in the cooked ones. Only BRS Marataoã showed a slight reduction (1.24%) in the energy value. The total polyphenol content in cooked beans decreased on discarding the broth. BRS Marataoã showed the highest levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in raw beans, cooked beans, and broth. The raw beans of the cultivar BRS Itaim had greater content of condensed tannins and total anthocyanins. The raw beans, cooked beans, and broth showed statistically significant differences between their antioxidant activities, and the best results were found in the samples not subjected to thermal processing, particularly in BRS Marataoã. In conclusion, cooking influenced the concentration of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of the beans. Therefore, it is recommended that cooked cowpea beans should be consumed with the cooking broth for optimization of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Assessment of Environmental Factors on Secondary Metabolites and Toxicological Effects of Datura metel Leaves Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Modinah A.O. Abdul Raheem ◽  
Faoziyat A. Sulaiman ◽  
Halimat A. Abdulrahim ◽  
Olatunde Ahmed ◽  
Kamil O. Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liver And Kidney

AbstractThis study evaluated the chemical composition, physicochemical properties, toxicological and environmental potentials of the Datura metel (D. metel) leaves extracts. Fresh leaves of D. metel were harvested at three different times of the day (morning, afternoon and evening), extraction done in succession using n-hexane and ethanol solvents respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening, physicochemical analysis for specific gravity, pH, colour, total ash and moisture contents of the dried extracts were determined. The characterisation of the bioactive compounds using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, showed the presence of different compounds at the three different times of the day, out of which phytol and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid were present at all times. These results confirmed that some bioactive compounds present in this plant are dependent on environmental factor , time of harvest and the choice of solvent used while the presence of others are independent on these factors. Each extract was administered orally to Wistar rats for two weeks. There were significant difference (p < 0.05) in activities of AST (serum and heart), ALT (liver and serum) and ALP (Serum, liver and kidney), as well as the concentrations of albumin and protein in the liver and serum and urea in the serum of experimental rats given n-hexane and ethanolic extracts of D. metel. Generally it also suggest that the leaf extracts collected at three different times of the day had some significant toxicological effect, thus may not be totally safe for consumption at the dosage indicated since tissues membranes integrity of the Wistar rats were not potentially preserved.

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