scholarly journals AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTATION OF CANOLA MEAL

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
M. BEDFORD ◽  
D. SPRATT
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Methionine Supplementation

Supplementing a 15% protein diet for chickens, with all the protein coming from canola meal, with essential amino acids (EAA) to bring diet levels up to those recommended by NRC, failed to improve weight gain over that of an unsupplemented canola meal diet. While feed:gain ratio of the EAA-supplemented diet was improved, performance was markedly inferior to that of a 20% protein corn-soybean meal diet. Supplementing the canola meal basal diet with corn oil, lysine, or lysine plus arginine resulted in significant responses; however, performance was again far below that of the corn-soybean meal positive control diet. Supplementing the canola meal basal with EAA to bring levels up to close to the corn-soybean meal control diet resulted in performance which was superior to that obtained in the experiments in which EAA were supplemented to NRC requirement levels. However, performance was still markedly inferior to the corn-soybean meal control diet. A point of interest was the failure to demonstrate a need for methionine supplementation of the canola meal diet, even though by calculations it should have been deficient in this amino acid. A marked improvement in performance occurred when the level of methionine supplementation was reduced from 0.28 to 0.1% for the canola meal diet, supplemented with lysine, arginine and tryptophan. This clearly demonstrates that excess methionine or sulphur supplementation can markedly alter the performance of canola meal diets and may be one of the major reasons why EAA supplementation of semipurified diets that contain canola meal has failed to result in marked improvements in performance. Key words: Canola meal, amino acid supplementation, chickens

Supplementation of a low protein diet in an attempt to optimize egg mass output

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Summers ◽  
J. L. Atkinson ◽  
D. Spratt
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Low Protein

Pullets were brought into production on a low-protein corn, soybean meal diet to which various nutrients including essential amino acids, choline, corn oil and feathermeal were supplemented. Production commenced between 18 and 20 wk of age and up to at least 60% production, hens fed the low protein diets (10% CP) produced at least as many eggs and as great an egg mass as these given a 17% protein corn, soybean meal control diet. Pullets fed the corn, soybean meal test diets, peaked at around 80% as compared to slightly over 90% for the control. Egg production immediately fell for birds fed the test diets to around 70% for most of the test treatments. Body weight remained constant or fell after peak production for birds fed the test diets as compared to a normal increase for birds on the control diet. Egg size increased for the test diets at a rate which was comparable to that of the control birds. In a second experiment, with older hens, supplementation of the 10% protein test diet with methionine, lysine, arginine and tryptophan, resulted in intakes of these amino acids which met NRC minimum requirement levels. However, egg mass output was reduced approximately 11% compared to the 17% protein control diet. While intakes of several essential amino acids fell below requirement levels, the degree that valine was calculated to be deficient in both experiments corresponded closely with the reduction in egg mass output of hens fed the test as compared to the control diet. Key words: Lysine, methionine, egg weight, body weight, hens.

scholarly journals Limiting amino acids supplementation in low crude protein diets and their impacts on growth performance and carcass composition in Labeo rohita (rohu) adult fish

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ayub ◽  
F. Rasool ◽  
N. Khan ◽  
S. N. Qaisrani ◽  
S. Parveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Level ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids

Abstract Ninety days study was conducted in hapas installed in earthen ponds. Fish of an average initial weight (220g) were evenly distributed in triplicate groups within fifteen hapas. Five experimental diets labeled as T1 (25% CP and NRC recommended amino acid level) as control diet, T2 (with 2% low protein and 5% amino acid supplementation), T3 (with 2% low protein and 10% amino acid supplementation), T4 (with 4% low protein and 10% amino acid supplementation) and T5 (with 4% low protein and 20% amino acid supplementation) were prepared. Fish were fed with @3% of their body weight twice a day at 10.00 & 16:00 hour. Significantly higher percent weight gain (420.18 ± 66.84a) and specific growth rate (13499.33±1273.54a) along with improved feed conversion ratio (1.29 ± 0.09b) and hundred percent survivals were recorded during the trial. Furthermore proximate analysis of meat showed significant improvement in the crude protein level (81.77 ± 0.19a) served with diet containing 20% limiting amino acids mixture. Therefore, limiting amino acids can be a source of cost effective feed and use safely in L. rohita diet.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Fishmeal Replacement by Poultry By-Product Meal and Hydrolyzed Feather Meal on Liver and Intestinal Histomorphology and on Intestinal Microbiota of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 8806
Author(s):  
Pier Psofakis ◽  
Alexandra Meziti ◽  
Panagiotis Berillis ◽  
Eleni Mente ◽  
Konstantinos A. Kormas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
Feather Meal ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Fishmeal Replacement

The effects on liver and intestinal histomorphology and on intestinal microbiota in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed diets that contained poultry by-product meal (PBM) and hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM) as fishmeal replacements were studied. Fish fed on a series of isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets, where fishmeal protein of the control diet (FM diet) was replaced by either PBM or by HFM at 25%, 50% and 100% without amino acid supplementation (PBM25, PBM50, PBM100, HFM25, HFM50 and HFM100 diets) or supplemented with lysine and methionine (PBM25+, PBM50+, HFM25+ and HFM50+ diets). The use of PBM and HFM at 25% fishmeal replacement generated a similar hepatic histomorphology to FM-fed fish, indicating that both land animal proteins are highly digestible at low FM replacement levels. However, 50% and 100% FM replacement levels by either PBM or HFM resulted in pronounced hepatic alterations in fish with the latter causing more severe degradation of the liver. Dietary amino acid supplementation delivered an improved tissue histology signifying their importance at high FM replacement levels. Intestinal microbiota was dominated by Proteobacteria (58.8%) and Actinobacteria (32.4%) in all dietary groups, but no specific pattern was observed among them at any taxonomic level. This finding was probably driven by the high inter-individual variability observed.

THREONINE AS THE SECOND LIMITING AMINO ACID IN PEACE RIVER BARLEY FOR GROWING–FINISHING PIGS AND GROWING RATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. AW-YONG ◽  
R. M. BEAMES
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Peace River

Barley–lysine diets (0.75% total lysine, 0.37% threonine) with or without additional threonine and methionine were compared with a barley and 15.6% soybean meal control diet in a growth trial with 108 pigs and a metabolism trial with six collection periods per diet. Addition of threonine to the barley–lysine diet improved daily gain, feed efficiency and carcass quality, with the growth results obtained with the 0.10% threonine addition equalling those of the barley–soybean meal diet, except for backfat thickness, which was lower on the soybean meal diet. Nitrogen retention, however, increased up to the maximum level (0.15%) of threonine inclusion, when retention equalled that of the control diet. Addition of 0.10% methionine to the barley diet containing added lysine and threonine resulted in no responses. Growth and balance trials with weanling rats in general confirmed results obtained with the pigs. No additional beneficial effects were obtained when lysine levels were increased from 0.75 to0.90%, even when supplemented with additional threonine. However, in order to obtain results similar to those obtained on the barley–soybean meal diet, threonine additions to the barley had to be increased to 0.20% (0.57% total threonine) with the addition of a mixture containing other essential amino acids. Replacement of the essential amino acid mixture with glycine on an equal nitrogen basis did not produce adequate nitrogen retention or growth rate.

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