YIELD AND NITROGEN UPTAKE OF FORAGE SEEDINGS AS AFFECTED BY NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Grant ◽  
C. S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment

Over 2 tons of dry matter per acre were obtained from pure seedings of timothy and of brome in the seeding year with an application of 100 pounds of nitrogen per acre. Nitrogen at 200 and 400 pounds per acre produced no further significant yield increase. In the second year, yields were significantly increased by each increment of nitrogen applied in the seeding year up to and including 400 pounds per acre with brome and 200 pounds per acre with timothy. Nitrogen content of grasses increased with each increment of nitrogen in the seeding year but this effect was not consistent in the second year. Over the 2-year period grasses recovered approximately 65 per cent of the applied nitrogen at the 100- and 200-pound levels and about 40 per cent at the 400-pound level.Red clover and alfalfa seeded in mixture with timothy and with brome were about equal in yield to grass alone plus 100 pounds of nitrogen in the seeding year and were much superior in the second year. Application of 100 pounds of nitrogen to grass-legume mixtures increased both yield and nitrogen content in the first cutting. In subsequent cuttings, total yield and legume fraction of the yield were often depressed by nitrogen treatment; exceptions were noted where legume stands were weak.Apparent nitrogen fixation by the legumes was consistently reduced by nitrogen treatment. Vigorous legume stands had an apparent nitrogen fixation of 60 pounds per acre in the seeding year and up to 200 pounds in the second year.

EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ON HERBAGE YIELDS OF TIMOTHY HARVESTED AT VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Bonin ◽  
D. C. Tomlin
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Boot Stage ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

A pure stand of local commercial timothy (Phleum pratense L.) was fertilized with N at rates of 0, 56, 112 and 224 kg/ha and harvested at the vegetative, shot-blade, boot, heading, anthesis and seed-set stages for three consecutive years. Yields of dry matter (DM), digestible dry matter (DDM) and crude protein (CP) were measured.Differences in precipitation resulted in highly significant year effects. Each increase in N rate gave a significant yield increase in all years and for both first-cut and total yield of DM, DDM and CP. First-cut yield of DM increased significantly to the anthesis stage, DDM yield increased to the boot stage and CP yield increased to the shot-blade stage. Total yield of DM was maximum at the anthesis stage, DDM total yield was statistically equal at all stages, and CP total yield declined significantly after the heading stage.

The effects of nitrogenous fertilizers on the winter growth of pastures in a tablelands environment

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Wimmera Ryegrass ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment

Second-year grass swards near Canberra, A.C.T., responded well in August and September to nitrogen (urea or ammonium sulphate) applied in June or July, with increases in yield of up to 17 lb of dry matter for each lb of nitrogen applied. Mixed grass-clover swards showed smaller responses in total dry matter after applications of urea in July, but applications of urea in April produced no significant response. In 1961, when the grass component of the mixed swards responded to urea applied in April, there was a concurrent clover suppression before the early September harvest, which eliminated any potential increase in total yield. Seasonal differences and the date of nitrogen application influenced the extent of August-September responses more than the particular grass species. The grasses differed greatly in their mean yields, irrespective of the nitrogen treatment, and also in their influence on the yield of the associated clover, but the response to nitrogen by the grass component was essentially similar for Wimmera ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.), Clunes perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), Phalaris (Phalaris tuberosa L.), and Demeter fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.).

scholarly journals Influence of increasing doses of nitrogen on feed productivity of perennial grasses

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vasil'evna Ivanova ◽  
Olga Vasil'evna Kurdakova ◽  
Aminat Msostovna Konova ◽  
Anna Yurievna Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
The State ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
State Register ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

In the course of the experiment, the effect of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of clover of the meadow variety Nadezhny, entered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2012, was analyzed. A comparison is also made of this influence with the timothy of the meadow variety Leningradskaya 204. It was established that the pre-sowing introduction of mineral nitrogen for clover and timothy has influenced the productivity of these crops, but the nature of this effect varies depending on the type of grass. The introduction of N20 against the background of P30K90, which provided an increase in control of 51.2% for green mass and 33.6% for air-dry matter, was optimal for meadow clover of the first year of life. For grassland clover second year of life, the best option was N0P30K90, which gave an increase of 56.6% to the control on green mass and 50.6% on air-dry matter. A further increase in the dose of nitrogen on the options caused a decrease in yield increase. Timothy meadow for two years of life was traced responsiveness to the provision of nitrogen. The most productive in all respects was the option N120P30K90.    

Seasonal fluctuations in the nitrogen content of the sultana vine

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
D McEAlexander
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Aerial Growth ◽  
Leaf Drop ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Estimates were made of dry matter and nitrogen contents of parts of sultana vines sampled a t frequent intervals from October to January in one season and January to July in the following season. From early October until the commencement of leaf drop in February there was a linear increase in the amount of nitrogen in the annual aerial growth. This nitrogen was present mainly in the laminae and fruit. After February the amount of nitrogen in the fruit continued to increase while that in the leaves decreased. The loss from the leaves could be partly accounted for by translocation to fruit or woody tissues and the remainder by leaf fall. The data obtained gave no indication of the best time for applying nitrogen to sultana vines. The amount of nitrogen in stems, and also the percentage of nitrogen in trunks, main roots, and feeder roots, increased to July, which suggested that root absorption from the soil continued throughout autumn. It is suggested that the total nitrogen content of laminae gives the most reliable indication of seasonal nitrogen uptake provided that due allowance is made for time of sampling. '

EFFECT OF ACTUAL VERSUS SIMULATED GRAZING ON PASTURE PRODUCTIVITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FORAGE

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-482
Author(s):  
F. W. CALDER ◽  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON ◽  
R. B. CARSON
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Treatment Performance ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Simulated Grazing ◽  
Nitrogen Treatment ◽  
Clipping Technique ◽  
Forage Mixtures ◽  
Pasture Productivity

Forage mixtures consisting of grasses alone, legumes alone or both were compared for pasture productivity using plots grazed by beef steers or clipped to simulate grazing. Each forage mixture was grown without nitrogen fertilization or with 140 kg/ha per year of nitrogen applied in five equal applications. While related parameters of the grazed and clipped plots showed positive and statistically significant correlations, i.e., for dry matter production +0.49, significant at P < 0.05, the coefficients were not sufficiently high for the clipping technique to provide reliable predictions of treatment performance under grazing conditions. Greater yields were produced on the grazed than on the clipped area. The levels of N, K and Mg in the separated fractions (grass, legumes and weeds) are given for each sward and nitrogen treatment for both grazing treatments, while the P and Ca levels are given for the grazed plots. The greatest difference between grazing treatments for mineral composition of the forage was in K content.

Yield comparisons of thirty-eight introductions of Glycine javanica in swards in three environments

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (27) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Edye
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Maturity Type ◽  
Stolon Development

Thirty-eight introductions of Glycine javanica were established in swards with an associate grass at Lawes and Kumbia in south-eastern Queensland and at 'Lansdown' near Woodstock in northern Queensland. The introductions showed highly significant differences in annual yield and total yield of dry matter. At Lawes there were also significant differences in ease and vigour of establishment, in nitrogen content, and in seasonal yield distribution. Late maturing introductions grew better late in the season when early and mid-season maturity types were either flowering or had flowered. At 'Lansdown' all the introductions tolerated a dry season of 27 weeks in 1965, but failed to survive a dry season of 36 weeks in 1966. At Lawes, the most promising introductions in terms of high yield and strong stolon development in each maturity type were, Tinaroo (late), C.P.I. 26433 (mid-season), Cooper (early), and C.P.I. 27835 (early). At 'Lansdown' C.P.I. 25423 (early) and C.P.I. 25918 (very early) appeared most tolerant of extended dry periods. At Lawes, swards of Cooper (C.P.I. 25702) and green panic grass (Panicum maximum var trichoglume) yielded 7,000 to 8,000 lb of dry matter an acre with a legume content of 50 to 56 per cent in their third, fourth, and fifth seasons. In these swards the dry matter production and legume content showed no signs of declining after the third season.

EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ON HERBAGE YIELDS OF REED CANARYGRASS HARVESTED AT VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Bonin ◽  
D. C. Tomlin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Heading Stage

A pure stand of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) was fertilized at rates of 0, 56, 112 and 224 kg/ha of elemental nitrogen (N) and harvested at the vegetative, shot-blade, boot, heading, anthesis and seed-set stages for three consecutive years. Yields of dry matter (DM), digestible dry matter (DDM) and crude protein (CP) were measured.Highly significant year effects were attributed to yearly variations in rainfall. Significant yield increases were recorded for each successively higher N rate in all years, as measured by both first-cut and total yields of DM, DDM and CP. First-cut DM yields increased to the seed-set stage, whereas DDM and CP yields declined significantly at that stage, having reached a maximum at the heading stage. Total DM yields declined slightly after the heading stage, while DDM and CP yields declined significantly after that stage. While first-cut yield responses to N rates were somewhat greater at the later stages, total yield responses were greater at the boot and heading stages as a result of greater aftermath production.

scholarly journals The effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield efficiency and quality of tubers potato varieties cultivated in an integrated production system

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Cezary Trawczyński
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield Structure

The aim of the research conducted in the years 2016 – 2018 was to perform the effect of nitrogen on the total yield and quality evaluation of edible and starch potato varieties harvested after tuber maturity, as well as to establish fertilization efficiency indices. The quality of tubers was expressed: yield structure, share of deformations, content of starch and nitrates (V), but the nitrogen utilization efficiency as agronomic efficiency (AE) and fertilizer recovery efficiency (FRE) in tubers. Two experimental factors were researched: nitrogen doses (0, 50,100, 150 kg·ha-1) and varieties (Impresja, Mazur, Otolia, Szyper and Widawa) tested under different weather conditions. The total yield fresh matter between nitrogen doses ranged from 42.8 to 53.7 t·ha-1 and for varieties from 42.1 (var. Szyper) to 54.8 t·ha-1 (var. Impresja). Increasing nitrogen doses caused an increase share in the yield structure big tubers (diameter above 60 mm), nitrates (V) and total nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake with tuber yield, but decrease starch content and nitrogen fertilization efficiency indicators. On the basis of quadratic function parameters, it was shown that the varieties of Impresja, Szyper and Otolia were characterized by greater requirements in relation to the optimal nitrogen dose than the varieties of Mazur and Widawa. More assessed features determined  the weather conditions during the growing season than the factors studied: the nitrogen fertilization dose and the variety. In the year with the highest amount of rainfall in relation to the average of many years, the largest decrease was recorded: tuber yield, share of big tubers in the yield structure, nitrogen uptake and agronomic efficiency. Year with the most rainfall was characterized by the highest reduction the yield of tubers, share big tubers in the yield structure, nitrogen uptake and its agronomic efficiency.  

scholarly journals YIELD AND NITROGEN UPTAKE OF BROCCOLI AND SOIL NITRATE STATUS AS INFLUENCED BY RATE AND TIMING OF NITROGEN APPLICATION

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1064f-1064
Author(s):  
A. M. Borowski ◽  
R. D. Morse ◽  
M. M. Alley
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Base Rate ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Preliminary Study

A Preliminary study conducted in 1985 indicated no significant yield response to 8 treatments ranging in amount of total N applied from 56 to 290 kg N/ha. Treatments in 1986 were as follows: base rate N at 0, 56, 112, and 168 kg N/ha with 0, 1, or 2 sidedressings at 56 kg N/ha each applied at 3 and 6 wks after seeding. Yield differences for base rate n were significant at the first harvest only, while sidedressing effects on yield were significantly different for 3 of the 4 harvests and total yield. Nitrogen uptake during the first 32 days after seeding (DAS) was minimal, 0.17 kg N/ha/day, but increased to 8.05 kg N/ha/day during head formation (55 to 77 DAS). Initial soil nitrate status was high in the top 25 cm (52 kg N3O /ha) but decreased to 10.6 kg NO3/ha in the control plot by the end of the season. Sidedressings, prior to and during head formation, are recommended to maintain an adequate available N supply throughout the growing season.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document