THE ROLE OF INSECTS IN THE SPREAD OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. McClanahan ◽  
G. E. Guyer
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Asclepias Syriaca ◽  
Melanoplus Differentialis ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Echinocystis Lobata

Entomological aspects of the epidemiology of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were studied in Michigan. Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis gossypii Glover were efficient vectors of CMV between various hosts in the laboratory. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) transmitted CMV between cucumber and Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) T. & G. Myzocallis asclepiadis (Monell) was shown to be a new vector of CMV between Asclepias syriaca L. Neither Melanoplus differentialis (Thomas) nor Acalymma vittata (Fabricius) transmitted the virus in limited trials.There was a small proportion of cucumber plants infected early in July, when alate M. persicae were present. In August the incidence of infection rose rapidly after a period of activity of alate A. gossypii. Alate aphids were trapped in yellow water pans situated in and around cucumbers. Seven known vectors of CMV were caught.

scholarly journals The relationship between the Aphis gossypii Glover group and cucumber mosaic virus in autumn cucumbers.

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
W.M.T.J. de Brouwer ◽  
H.J.M. van Dorst
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Natural Virus ◽  
Test Plants

The results of studies involving aphid trapping and natural virus infection of test plants showed that A. gossypii played an important part in cucumber and gherkin infection by CMV, which occurred most frequently in August. However, only a small percentage of any of the aphids found was responsible for virus transmission. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Transmission Efficiency of Cucumber mosaic virus by Aphids Associated with Virus Epidemics in Snap Bean

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1233-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Gildow ◽  
D. A. Shah ◽  
W. M. Sackett ◽  
T. Butzler ◽  
B. A. Nault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Virus Complex

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a major component of the virus complex that has become more pronounced in snap bean in the midwestern and northeastern United States since 2001. Multiple-vector-transfer tests were done to estimate the CMV transmission efficiencies (p) of the main aphid species identified in commercial snap bean fields in New York and Pennsylvania. The four most efficient vectors (p > 0.05) were Aphis gossypii, A. glycines, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and Therioaphis trifolii, which were all significant species in the migratory aphid populations in snap bean. Moderately efficient vectors (0.01 < p < 0.04) were A. spiraecola, A. craccivora, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, and Rhopalosiphum maidis. Poor vectors (p < 0.01) included A. fabae, Nearctaphis bakeri, and Myzus persicae. Only one species, Sitobion avenae, failed to transmit CMV in replicated tests. Estimates of p were consistent between different clones of the same aphid species and among three different field isolates of CMV tested. Single-vector-transfer test results for a subset of the species supported those obtained via the multiple-vector-transfer approach. Our results are consistent with the notion that A. glycines is a major vector of recent CMV epidemics in snap bean, but that species is only one of several that are involved.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Changes in the Regulation of Nicotiana tabacum Response to Cucumber Mosaic Virus Infection and Symptom Recovery through Single-Base Resolution Methylomes

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenguang Wang ◽  
Chaonan Wang ◽  
Wenjie Xu ◽  
Jingze Zou ◽  
Yanhong Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Reduced Representation ◽  
Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing ◽  
Symptom Recovery

Plants have evolved multiple mechanisms to respond to viral infection. These responses have been studied in detail at the level of host immune response and antiviral RNA silencing (RNAi). However, the possibility of epigenetic reprogramming has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we identified the role of DNA methylation during viral infection and performed reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) on tissues of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-infected Nicotiana tabacum at various developmental stages. Differential methylated regions are enriched with CHH sequence contexts, 80% of which are located on the gene body to regulate gene expression in a temporal style. The methylated genes depressed by methyltransferase inhibition largely overlapped with methylated genes in response to viral invasion. Activation in the argonaute protein and depression in methyl donor synthase revealed the important role of dynamic methylation changes in modulating viral clearance and resistance signaling. Methylation-expression relationships were found to be required for the immune response and cellular components are necessary for the proper defense response to infection and symptom recovery.

scholarly journals Using a Viral Vector to Reveal the Role of MicroRNA159 in Disease Symptom Induction by a Severe Strain of Cucumber mosaic virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 1378-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyou Du ◽  
Aizhong Chen ◽  
Wenhu Chen ◽  
Jack H. Westwood ◽  
David C. Baulcombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Disease Symptom ◽  
Severe Strain

scholarly journals Transmissibility of Cucumber mosaic virus by Aphis gossypii Correlates with Viral Accumulation and Is Affected by the Presence of Its Satellite RNA

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1068-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Escriu ◽  
Keith L. Perry ◽  
Fernando García-Arenal
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Infected Tomato ◽  
Satellite Rnas ◽  
Viral Accumulation ◽  
Test Plants

Satellite RNAs (satRNAs) are associated with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in tomato, most often causing severe epidemics of necrotic plants, and not associated with specific host symptoms. Laboratory studies on virus transmission by the aphid vector Aphis gossypii were performed to better understand the dynamics of field populations of CMV. The presence of satRNAs correlated with lower concentrations of virus in infected plants and with a decrease in the efficiency of transmission from satRNA-infected plants. Both the concentration of virus in CMV-infected tomato and the efficiency of transmission varied more extensively with nonnecrogenic satRNAs than with necrogenic satRNAs. A negative effect of satRNAs on virus accumulation can account, in part, for a decrease in the field transmission and recovery of CMV + satRNAs. Aphids behaved differently and probed less readily on plants infected with CMV + necrogenic satRNAs compared with plants containing non-necrogenic satRNAs. Aphid-mediated satRNA-free CMV infections were observed in test plants when aphids were fed on source plants containing CMV + nonnecrogenic satRNA; no comparable satRNA-free test plants occurred when aphids were fed on source plants containing necrogenic satRNAs. These results indicate that factors associated with transmission can be a determinant in the evolution of natural populations of CMV and its satRNA.

scholarly journals Resistência de genótipos de batata, Solanum spp., a afídeos (Homoptera: Aphididae) e influência sobre parasitóides

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando M. Lara ◽  
Edimar A. da Silva ◽  
Arlindo L. Boiça Junior
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Aphidius Ervi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Solanum Spp

Avaliou-se a resistência de genótipos de batata aos afídeos Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) e Aphis gossypii (Glover), e a influência desses genótipos sobre parasitóides, em dois ensaios em plantios de inverno (1996 e 1997), em condições de campo, em Jaboticabal, SP. Os genótipos plantados no primeiro ano foram: Achat, Baronesa, Bintje, BR-2, Contenda, Monalisa, N 140-201 e NYL 235-4, distribuídos em quatro blocos ao acaso. Dois levantamentos foram efetuados, aos 70 e 85 dias após o plantio, avaliando-se o número de pulgões/folha e pulgões parasitados, nos terços superior, médio e inferior da planta. Em 1997 plantaram-se os mesmos genótipos, excetuando-se o N 140-201, com levantamentos aos 72 e 80 dias. O genótipo NYL 235-4 mostrou-se suscetível a M. euphorbiae, sob infestações médias de 2,90 (1996) e 1,19 pulgões/folha (1997); dentre as cultivares comerciais, Baronesa foi a menos atacada por M. persicae (0,12 e 0,10 pulgões/folha em 1996 e 1997), enquanto BR-2 foi bem suscetível (1,10 e 0,66 pulgões/folha). Os afídeos ocorreram em maior população nas partes média e inferior das plantas; maior número de pulgões mumificados por Aphidius ervi Hal. e Diaretiella rapae (McIntosh), com parasitismo variando de 15 a 36%, foi observado em NYL 235-4, que foi o genótipo mais infestado pelos afídeos.

ROLE OF BEAN SEED IN TRANSMITTING BEAN COMMON MOSAIC VIRUS AND CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS

1997 ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Babovic ◽  
A. Bulajic ◽  
G. DelibaÅ¡ic ◽  
S. Milijic ◽  
D. Todorovic
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Bean Seed

scholarly journals Detection and molecular characterization of the cucumber mosaic virus in chili pepper (Capsicum spp. L.) crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
Diana Marcela Rivera-Toro ◽  
Juan Carlos Vaca-Vaca ◽  
Karina López-López
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Capsicum Spp ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
First Time

The chili pepper (Capsicum spp. L.) is a vegetable of economic importance that has been affected worldwide by the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), a pathogen that causes a devastating disease in this crop. The aim of this research was the detection and characterization of CMV in chili pepper crops in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Leaves of three chili pepper varieties (tabasco, cayenne and habanero) with viral symptoms were collected in four municipalities of Valle del Cauca. Total RNA was purified and a fragment of capsid protein (CP) from CMV was amplified by RT‑PCR. Then, it was sequenced and bioinformatically analyzed, and from these sequences, specific primers were designed. From 71 chili pepper samples collected in Palmira, Yumbo, Vijes and Yotoco, 37 were positive for CMV (52.1%). The CMV chili pepper sequence analysis showed that they had their highest identity (98.5%) with a CMV isolated from bananas in Ecuador. Specific primers designed for CMV chili pepper showed greater sensitivity for detecting this virus (64.7% vs. 52.1%). The CMV chili pepper CP analysis indicated that it could be transmitted by the species Aphis gossypii. This r the first time, the molecular characterization of CMV in three chili pepper varieties.

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