STUDIES WITH HYBRID WHEAT IN ONTARIO

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. RAI ◽  
N. C. STOSKOPF ◽  
E. REINBERGS
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hybrid Wheat ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Flour Production

An F1 hybrid from parental wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with wide genetic diversity yielded 7329 kg/ha, a 26% increase over the higher yielding parent. Two other crosses resulted in an F1 yield increase of 15 and 5%. The best hybrid outyielded Genesee, which averaged 6177 kg/ha, by 19%. All data were averaged over a two-year period and were obtained at a standard seeding rate. Grain yields decreased from the F1 to the F2 generation in all three crosses and in the best cross from 26 to 13%. Heterosis for grain yield was manifested primarily in tillering and kernels per spike. Tillering increased by 6.9% and kernels per spike by 8.2%, while kernel weight increased by 1.0%, over the higher parent. An increase in plant height was observed. Milling and baking characteristics of F1 crosses, made within the soft wheat class, were closer to the softer quality parent. Baking quality declined in the F2 generation. Seed produced from two male sterile lines, however, had poorer milling and baking characteristics than seed from their self-fertile counterparts, and this may present a problem for soft quality flour production.

EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE AND ROW SPACING ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GLENLEA, PITIC 62 AND NEEPAWA WHEATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Plot Design

Three cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), Glenlea, Pitic 62 and Neepawa, were grown in a seeding rate and row spacing experiment at two locations in 1972 and 1973. In a split-plot design, row spacings of 15, 23 and 30 cm were used as main plots, and subplot seeding rates of 33.6, 67.3 and 100.9 kg/ha were applied for each cultivar. Data were collected on yield, days to maturity, plant height, lodging, kernel weight and test weight. The few significant effects of row spacing indicated that narrow row spacings tend to increase yield and decrease days to maturity. Higher seeding rates per unit area generally resulted in higher yields for all cultivars and, to some extent, earlier maturity. Glenlea wheat seeded at 100.9 kg/ha gave the highest yield in all tests, and at this seeding rate took an average 125 days to reach maturity, compared to 120 days for Neepawa and 129 days for Pitic 62. Seeding rate had virtually no effect on height, kernel weight or test weight of any of the wheats.

INTERPLANT AND INTRAPLANT COMPETITION EFFECTS ON MAIN STEM YIELD OF THREE DIVERSE-TILLERING SPRING WHEATS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HUCL ◽  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Interplant Competition

Three spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (Neepawa, Siete Cerros and M1417) were subjected to four levels of tiller removal (MS remaining, MS + T1 remaining, MS + T1 + T2 remaining, control) at three plant densities (two, four and eight plants per 15-cm-diameter pot) in a controlled environment to assess the effects of interplant and intraplant competition on stem dimensions and yield-related traits of genotypes with diverse tillering habits. Both types of competition resulted in reduced kernel weight and main stem grain yield and increased yield per pot. Interplant competition also reduced harvest indices while intraplant competition reduced main stem length and main stem diameter. The oligoculm genotype, M1417, was more sensitive to interplant competition than Siete Cerros and Neepawa. The increased sensitivity of M1417 appears to result from plant mortality combined with the inability to maintain kernel mass under severe interplant competition.Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat (spring), tiller removal, grain yield, plant competition.

Stettler hard red spring wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M DePauw ◽  
R E Knox ◽  
F R Clarke ◽  
J M Clarke ◽  
T N McCaig
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Grain Volume Weight ◽  
End Use

Based on 34 replicated trials over 3 yr, Stettler, a doubled haploid hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), expressed significantly higher grain yield than all checks except Superb. Wheat and flour protein concentration were significantly greater than all of the checks except Lillian. It matured significantly later than AC Barrie and Katepwa but earlier than Superb. Stettler was significantly shorter than all of the checks except Superb and was more resistant to lodging than Katepwa and Laura. Stettler had high grain volume weight and intermediate kernel weight relative to the checks, and meets the end-use quality specifications of the Canada Western Red Spring wheat market class. Stettler expressed resistance to prevalent races of stem rust, common bunt and loose smut, with moderate susceptibility to prevalent races of leaf rust and fusarium head blight.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, grain yield, protein, disease resistance, doubled haploid

EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON GRAIN YIELD, STRAW YIELD AND HARVEST INDEX OF EIGHT SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Rate Interaction

Eight cultivars of spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were evaluated at seeding rates of 110, 270 and 430 seeds/m2 in a total of nine experiments spanning three locations, two dates of seeding and 2 yr. Grain yield exhibited a significant cultivar × experiment × linear response to seeding rate interaction. Grain yield of Pitic 62 showed a significant decrease with increased seeding rate in one experiment while giving the greatest increase in another. Over all experiments, the highest seeding rate gave the highest grain yield. For straw yield, Chester showed the greatest response to seed rate, Canuck the least. With the exception of Canuck, which showed a significant increase in harvest index with increased seeding rate, harvest index tended to be greater at the intermediate seeding rate.

scholarly journals EVALUATION BREAD WHEAT PURE LINES UNDER EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SEEDING RATES FOR GRAIN YIELD AND IT, S COMPONENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baktash & Naes
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pure Lines ◽  
Plot Design

This research was carried out at the Swerah Research Station –Office of Agricultural Researches Ministry of Agriculture, during 2014-2015 season. The objective of this research was to evaluation 15 pure lines (Triticum aestivum L.). genotypes ,the seventh generation developed by half dialled method between 6 parents. The experiment was conducted using split plot design with three replicates ,The main plots were four seeding rates (120, 160, 200 and 240 kg.ha-1 ), while the 21 genotypes occupied sub plots .The two pure lines S97 and S148 out yielded other genotypes except A4.10 and Abu-Ghraib in grain yield which, produced 6.35 and 6.09 t.ha-1, respecting .increasing seeding rates caused to increase in number of spikes .plant-1 and flag leaves angle. Significant difference were found among genotypes due to seeding rate.The pure line S148 ,using 200 kg.ha-1 seeding rate produced highest grain yield (7.49 t.ha-1) which did not differed from using A4.10 under 200 and 240 kg.ha-1 seeding rate. It was recommended to certify the pure line S148  using 200 kg.ha-1 seeding rate for cultivation at central of Iraq.

PERFORMANCE OF CROSSES BETWEEN STANDARD-HEIGHT AND SEMIDWARF SPRING WHEATS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. McNEAL ◽  
E. P. SMITH ◽  
M. A. BERG ◽  
D. E. BALDRIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Average Performance

Three semidwarf wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were each crossed to three standard-height cultivars, and bulk F2 and F3 generations of each cross were compared with parents in the field at two locations. Yield component and grain yield data of parents vs. bulks were evaluated to determine whether a relationship existed between bulk and parent populations. Yield component data did not consistently relate to grain yield in either bulks or parents. However, correlation coefficients of 0.89 and 0.81 suggested a strong yield relationship between standard-height parents vs. their bulks and semidwarf parents vs. their bulks, respectively. We conclude that the average performance of the parents generally predicted the average performance of the F2 and F3 bulks for culm number, kernel weight, and grain yield. Heterosis was indicated for spikelets per head in crosses with P.I. 295619. There were no differences between semidwarf and standard-height cultivars in ability to impart yield component and grain yield potential to their offspring.

Wheat seeding rate for spread and distinct row seed placement with air seeders

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian M. Johnston ◽  
F. Craig Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Placement

Air (pneumatic) seeding systems that have seed row opener options that spread seed rather than place it in distinct rows may allow producers to uniformly distribute plants and increase seeding rates to improve cereal crop yield. A study was conducted to determine if seed placement configuration influenced hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) response to seeding rate. The study was carried out at Melfort, SK, from 1997 to 1999, using three seed configurations (23 cm and 30 cm distinct row with a hoe opener; and a 20 cm spread using a 28 cm sweep on 23 cm row spacing) and four seeding rates (67, 100, 134, and 167 kg ha–1). Grain yield increased 6% when seeding rate was increased from 100 (recommended rate) to 168 kg ha–1 in 1997. Improved grain yield with increased seeding rates was related to greater kernels head–1. In the 2 following years, yield decreased by 9% when seeding rate was increased from 100 to 168 kg ha–1. Yield reductions in these years were associated with high yield potential (high soil N availability) and lodging, that in turn resulted in decreased kernels head–1 and kernel weight with increased seeding rates. Grain yield did not differ between the sweep and distinct rows, regardless of the seeding rate. Furthermore, the similar yields among the three seed configurations occurred despite lodging being less with sweeps compared with 23 or 30 cm row spacing at the highest seeding rate in 1998. The increased distance between wheat plants with sweeps did not improve grain yields as a result of reduced inter-plant competition, regardless of seeding rate. This absence of grain yield differences between the sweep and distinct row placement illustrates the yield stability associated with Canadian hard red spring wheat cultivars through yield component compensation. Key words: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), row spacing, seeding rate, lodging, seed placement

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using the Multivariate Analysis in Normal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Mithilesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Priyanka Jaiswal ◽  
Aman Tigga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Cluster Distance

The present investigation was carried out in the fields located at wheat breeding section, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur and Bihar. The experimental materials of the study comprised of 39 diverse bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. The genotypes were grown under two environments viz., drought stress (rainfed) and irrigated (well-watered). The experiment in each environment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Five plants were selected randomly from each plot for recording observations on traits viz., days to fifty per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, flag leaf area, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, canopy temperature, number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, harvest index and grain yield per plant. Germination percentage and seed vigour index (SVI) were recorded in laboratory condition. The 39 genotypes of bread wheat were grouped into seven clusters using Tocher method in both drought stress and irrigated conditions. The genotypes in cluster III and cluster VI, due to maximum inter-cluster distance between them, exhibited a high degree of genetic diversity and thus may be utilized under inter varietal hybridization programme (transgressive breeding) for getting high yielding recombinants in drought stress condition. Similar inter varietal crosses may be attempted between genotypes in cluster III and IV and cluster III and V in a drought environment. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VI followed by cluster III and IV and cluster VI and VII in irrigated condition indicating the chances of getting high yielding recombinants would be better if the crosses are made among the genotypes of these groups. Cluster VI was suitable for grain yield, number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, harvest index and chlorophyll content in both environment (drought and irrigated). Therefore, the selection of parents from this cluster for these traits would be effective. Under stress, the genotypes viz., GW 2007-80, WR 1872, NAIW-1607, NAIW-1342 and WR 1743 were found promising as indicated by low drought susceptibility index.

Comparison of a branched spike wheat with the cultivars Neepawa and HY320 for grain yield and yield components

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hucl ◽  
B. J. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Branched Spike

Branched-spike spring wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) genotypes are periodically promoted in western Canada as having very high grain yield capacity. These "Miracle" wheats tend to have a low tillering capacity and may require higher plant populations in order to achieve maximum grain yield. This study was conducted to critically evaluate the high-yield claims of a branched-spike wheat (BSW) and to determine whether this cultivar has a higher optimum seeding rate requirement than the spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Neepawa and HY320. The three cultivars were seeded at rates of 150, 250, 350, 450, and 550 seeds m−2 in each of three experiments: two dryland and one irrigated. Averaged over experiments and seeding rates the BSW yielded 45% less than the conventional cultivars. Significant (P < 0.05) cultivar × experiment cross-overs were detected for spikes m−2, spikelets spike−1, and kernels spike−1. BSW and HY320 switched ranks for spikes m−2, spikelets spike−1 and kernels spike−1 in 1988 and 1989. In 1988, on average, BSW produced 230% as many fertile spikelets as the other cultivars, but 40% fewer spikelets in 1989. Similarly, BSW produced more kernels spike−1 than Neepawa and HY320 in 1988 while the reverse was observed in 1989. The three cultivars responded differently to seeding rate, as indicated by significant (P < 0.01) cultivar × seeding rate interaction for spikelets spike−1 and kernel weight. Neither of these interactions involved significant changes in cultivar rank from one seeding rate to the next. BSW yielded less grain than either Neepawa or HY320, regardless of seeding rate. Attempts to increase the grain yield of a BSW cultivar by manipulating yield components via increased seeding rates were not successful.Key words: Branched-spike, spring wheat, seeding rate, Triticum turgidum L.

Earliness and duration of grain fill in winter wheat

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Housley ◽  
H. W. Ohm
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The duration of grain fill in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the determinants of kernel weight. The purpose of this research was to investigate the genetic diversity for duration of grain fill in winter wheat. In one experiment the genetic diversity for duration of grain fill and the influence of temperature on heading, anthesis and duration were assessed in 175 cultivars and lines of diverse plant type and origin planted at the Purdue Agronomy Research Center. The effect of temperature on the rate and duration of grain fill was further assessed in two cultivars, Fundulea and Caldwell, over 4 yr. In a second experiment Fundulea and Caldwell were grown in the field under altered day length (12, normal, 17 h) to manipulate date of anthesis. Duration of grain fill in the 175 entries averaged 28 ± 0.9 d. Heading occurred on 17 different dates, anthesis on 13 different dates and grain maturity on 17 different dates. The average daily temperature (ADT) during grain fill ranged between 21.2 and 22.5 °C. Comparisons of the ADT through grain fill for Fundulea and Caldwell over 4 yr indicated a 0.83-d reduction in duration for each degree rise in ADT. Leaf area, plant height, and tiller number were similar for cultivars exposed to 17 h, 12 h, or normal day lengths. Anthesis was 5 d earlier and the ADT during grain fill was less (20–21 °C) in plants exposed for 17 h compared to those exposed for 12 h (22 °C). Weight of 1000 kernels was significantly higher in plants with early anthesis dates, but yield was not significantly changed by the day length treatments. There appeared to be genetic differences in temperature sensitivity during reproductive development which could be exploited in selecting cultivars suitable for early anthesis. The general similarity of duration for all experiments suggests that environmental constraints imposed by latitude and selection for yield, have led to a narrow germplasm base regarding duration of grain fill.Key words: Triticum aestivum, average daily temperature during grain fill, duration of grain fill, anthesis, heading

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