EFFECTS OF SEEDING DATE, SEED TREATMENT AND FOLIAR SPRAYS ON YIELD AND OTHER AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF WHEAT, OATS AND BARLEY

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. NASS ◽  
H. W. JOHNSTON ◽  
J. A. MACLEOD ◽  
J. D. E. STERLING
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Crop Maturity

Late seeding of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), oats (Avena sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in the spring resulted in large yield reductions, which involved decreased hectoliter weight, 1,000-kernel weight and grain protein yield, increased disease severity and delayed crop maturity. Seed treatment with Vitaflo increased the yield of Keystone barley by an average of 301 kg/ha for all seeding dates during the 2 yr of the study. The seed treatment also increased yield of Garry oats and Opal wheat and increased emergence of oats and barley seedlings. Seedling emergence of wheat was not affected. At several seeding dates, hectoliter weight, kernel weight and grain protein yield of the three crops were increased by seed treatment. Four to six spray applications of Manzate during the growing season increased the average yields of oats and barley at the last three seedings in 1973 by 390 and 554 kg/ha respectively. Spraying with Manzate also increased hectoliter weight and kernel weight, and reduced lodging for both crops. Early seeding appears to be the best way of minimizing the effects of cereal diseases in the Atlantic Region.

Agronomic evaluation of a tiller inhibition gene (tin) in wheat. I. Effect on yield, yield components, and grain protein

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Duggan ◽  
R. A. Richards ◽  
A. F. van Herwaarden ◽  
N. A. Fettell
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Productive Tiller ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Yield Penalty

Reduced tillering cereals have been proposed as being advantageous under terminal drought conditions through their reported reduction in non-productive tiller number and reduced soil water use prior to anthesis. This study was conducted to determine whether wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines containing the tiller inhibition (tin) gene have a yield penalty over their commercial near-isogenic counterparts. A terminal drought was experienced in all experiments. The effects of the tin gene were investigated in 4 different near-isogenic pairs of lines grown at 2 sowing densities at 4 locations in the eastern Australian wheatbelt over a 3-year period. Averaged over all experiments and lines, grain yield was unaffected by the presence of the tin gene. However, the highest yielding line contained the tin gene and its yield was 5% higher than all other lines. Averaged across the different genetic backgrounds, the tin gene decreased fertile spike number by 11%, increased the number of kernels/spike by 9%, and there was a 2% increase in kernel weight. The tin gene increased the harvest index by an average of 0.02, whereas above-ground biomass was reduced by 7%. Increasing sowing density from 50 to 100 kg/ha had little influence on yield or yield-related characteristics in both the restricted tillering and freely tillering lines. There was an interaction between sowing rate and the presence of the tin gene on yield, with tin lines yielding 0.2 t/ha more than the freely tillering lines at the higher sowing rate, whereas there was no effect at the lower sowing rate. The response of several lines containing the tin gene to nitrogen fertiliser was also investigated at 2 sites. Nitrogen increased spike number in all lines but the number remained around 20% less than in the freely tillering cultivars. The yield of wheat lines containing the tin gene was 6% greater than their near-isogenic pairs where nitrogen status was high in the presence of terminal drought. Grain protein concentration was unaffected by the presence of the tin gene at high grain protein sites, whereas at lower grain protein sites it had a positive effect.

Effect of sowing rate on grain yield, kernel weight, and grain protein percentage of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in northern New South Wales

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Doyle ◽  
RW Kingston
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
South Wales

The effect of sowing rate (10-110 kg/ha) on the grain yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was determined from a total of 20 field experiments conducted in northern New South Wales from 1983 to 1986. Effects of sowing rate on kernel weight and grain protein percentage were also determined from 12 experiments conducted in 1985 and 1986. Two barley varieties were tested each year. In all years fallow plus winter rainfall was equal to or greater than average. Grain yield increased with higher sowing rates in most experiments, with the response curve reaching a plateau above 60-70 kg/ha. For 13 of the 40 variety x year combinations, grain yield fell at the highest sowing rates. Only in an experiment where lodging increased substantially with higher sowing rates was there a reduction in yield at a sowing rate of 60 kg/ha. The average sowing rate for which 5 kg grain was produced per kg of seed sown was 63 kg/ha. Grain protein percentage usually fell, and kernel weight invariably fell, with increasing sowing rate. Increasing sowing rates from the normal commercial rate of 35 kg/ha to a rate of 60 kg/ha typically increased grain yields by 100-400 kg/ha, decreased kernel weight by 0.4-2.0 mg, and decreased grain protein by up to 0.5 percentage points. In no case was the grain weight reduced to below malting specifications. It was concluded that sowing rates for barley in northern New South Wales should be increased to about 60 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Barley response to seeding date in central Alberta

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Juskiw ◽  
J. H. Helm
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Seeding date is an important factor influencing productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). When conditions are conducive to early seeding or result in delayed seeding, producers need to know how cultivars will respond to these seeding situations. In this study, five cultivars (Abee, Harrington, Jackson, Noble and Virden) registered for western Canada were studied for 4 yr (1990 to 1993) when seeded early (late April or early May), in mid-May, in late-May, or late (mid-June) at Lacombe, AB. For all cultivars, early seeding resulted in grain yield advantages of 113 to 134% of the mean site yield, while with late seeding, grain yields were reduced to 54 to 76% of the mean site yield. The reduction in yield was least for Jackson, the earliest maturing cultivar tested. Late seeding reduced the period from sowing to emergence, vegetative period, grain-filling period, time from emergence to physiological maturity, test weight, grain yield, kernel weight, and tillers per plant; and increased plant height and percent thins. Late seeding had no significant effect on phyllochron, stand establishment, scald, lodging, protein content of the grain, kernel number per spike, and spikelet number per spike. Barley responded positively to early seeding in central Alberta, but when seeding was delayed (in this study to mid-June) the early and mid-maturing six-rowed cultivars with short phyllochrons performed better than the two-rowed and late six-rowed cultivars. Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., seeding rate, phenological development, grain quality, grain yield, components

Effect of seeding date and depth, seed size and fungicide treatment on Fusarium and Pythium seedling blight of canola

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
H. U. Ahmed ◽  
G. D. Turnbull ◽  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
S. E. Strelkov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Seeding Date

Hwang, S. F., Ahmed, H. U., Turnbull, G. D., Gossen, B. D. and Strelkov, S. E. 2015. Effect of seeding date and depth, seed size and fungicide treatment on Fusarium and Pythium seedling blight of canola. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 293–301. Seedling blight has a substantial impact on stand establishment and productivity of canola (Brassica napus) on the Canadian prairies. The effects of seeding date, seed size, seeding depth, and seed treatment fungicides on seedling blight of canola caused by Fusarium avenaceum and Pythium ultimum were evaluated under field conditions. In the trials inoculated with P. ultimum, early seeding reduced seedling emergence and seed yield in all 3 yr of the study. However, the interaction of F. avenaceum with seeding date was not consistent; inoculation with F. avenaceum reduced seedling emergence in early seeded canola in 1 of 4 yr, but emergence was higher in early than in mid-seeded treatments in 2 yr and there was no difference among seeding dates in 1 yr. Late seeding reduced seed yield in 2 of 4 yr in the F. avenaceum study. Seed size and seeding depth generally did not have an effect on seedling establishment or seed yield for either pathogen. Seed treatment with Helix Xtra (thiamethoxam+difenconazole+metalaxyl+fludioxonil) and Prosper FX (clothianidin+carboxin+trifloxystrobin+metalaxyl) fungicides increased seedling emergence and yield compared with the F. avenaceum-inoculated control. Seed treatment with Helix Xtra also increased seedling emergence and seed yield compared with the P. ultimum-inoculated control. Manipulation of seeding date did not substantially improve stand establishment or yield of canola when inoculum pressure was high. Seed treatment was the most effective strategy for reducing losses caused by seedling blight of canola in fields infested with F. avenaceum or P. ultimum.

VALOR, A WINTER FEED WHEAT FOR THE MARITIMES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. SAMPSON ◽  
H. G. NASS
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Yield Test

Valor is a new, medium-hard, red winter feed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that is adapted to the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Valor was licensed in July 1981. Compared with Lennox, the principal winter wheat of the area, Valor has slightly higher yield, test weight and 1000-kernel weight, as well as greater winter survival and more resistance to powdery mildew. Valor has slightly weaker straw and lower grain protein.

scholarly journals Effect of seeding date, rate and depth on winter wheat grown on conventional fallow in S.W. Saskatchewan

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
F. Selles ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
J. G. McLeod ◽  
F. B. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Seeding Date

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeded on conventional fallow is considered to have a high risk of winterkill in the Brown soil zone of the Canadian Prairies, yet many producers in this area continue to use this approach. Although this system is subject to frequent winterkill, the alternative (seeding into standing stubble) is itself subject to frequent economic loss due to drought stress. A 4-yr study was carried out on a medium-textured, Orthic Brown Chernozem using Norstar winter wheat seeded into bare fallow land. Several seeding dates, depths and rates were tested to determine if alternate management strategies could be used to enhance the chances of overwinter survival thereby improving the incidence of successful production when this crop was grown on conventional fallow. Multiple regression was used to relate grain yields and plant counts (survival over winter) to the number of days before freeze-up when the crop was seeded and the other treatment factors. Results confirmed those reported in southern Alberta. For example, production was very variable and both plant survival and grain yields were mainly influenced by seeding date, with the optimum seeding period being the first 2 wk of September; yields decreased sharply on both sides of this period. However, seeding just prior to freeze-up gave higher yields than seeding 2 or 3 wk prior to freeze-up even though this latest seeded material did not geminate until spring. Depth of seeding influenced plant survival but had little influence on yield. The 5.0-cm depth was recommended as the best for fallow. Seeding rate influenced plant survival and yields more so than depth, but the influence was not large and none of the three treatments prevented severe winterkill when temperatures were extremely low. We recommended that a seeding rate of 60 kg ha−1 be chosen for fallow as is the case for stubble seeded wheat. Grain protein was not influenced by any treatment and was mainly a function of moisture deficit (year). In spite of the variability in production with this system of management, producers may still choose to grow winter wheat on conventional fallow since if winterkilling occurs they have the option of reseeding the area to spring wheat. Key words: Seeding date, seeding rate, seeding depth, yields, grain protein

Impact of mineral and complex fertilizers on grain yield of winter rye in Northwest Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.В. Дятлова ◽  
Е.С. Волкова ◽  
Т.В. Шайкова
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Grain Productivity

В исследованиях были изучены способы внесения комплексных удобрений: предпосевная обработка семян комплексным удобрением «Микромак» и двухкратное некорневое внесение препаратов «Кодима Р», «Кодафол», «Микроэл», «Страда N» на двух фонах минеральных удобрений. Внесение минеральных удобрений в дозах N40P50K70 в качестве основного удобрения способствовало повышению зерновой продуктивности на 0,29–0,66 т/га, или на 7,0–16,0% к контролю. Все изучаемые препараты — «Кодима Р», «Кодафол», «Микроэл», «Страда N» — при некорневом внесении, а также комплексное удобрение «Микромак» при обработке семян перед посевом оказывали положительное влияние на урожайность зерна озимой ржи. В вариантах с допосевной обработкой семян препаратом «Микромак» и двухкратным весенним внесением комплексного удобрения «Страда N» на фоне минеральных удобрений N40P50K70 зерновая продуктивность озимой ржи увеличилась на 0,46 т/га, а на фоне N40P50K70 + N20 + некорневая подкормка препаратом «Микроэл» — на 0,33 т/га за счёт формирования большего числа продуктивных стеблей и массы 1000 зёрен. Предпосевная обработка семян препаратом «Микромак» повысила урожайность озимой ржи в контрольном варианте на 0,31 т/га. Отмечено положительное действие данного препарата на элементы структуры урожая: увеличилось число продуктивных стеблей с 2,9 до 3,6 шт., масса 1000 зёрен выросла с 29,0 до 30,4 г. Содержание сырого протеина в зерне ржи в вариантах без обработки семян было на уровне 6,4–9,8%, а с обработкой препаратом «Микромак» — от 9,4 до 12,1%. Выход сырого протеина с урожаем зерна в данных вариантах был более высоким и составил 450–600 кг/га, что на 130–160 кг/га больше, чем в вариантах без обработки. Применение комплексных универсальных удобрений «Микроэл» и «Страда N» на фоне N40P50K70 обеспечивало дополнительный сбор сырого протеина на уровне 110 кг/га. The research tested the application of complex fertilizers such as seed treatment with “Mikromak” and double topdressing by “Kodima R”, “Kodafol”, “Mikroel”, and “Strada N” on two backgrounds of mineral nutrition. Application of N40P50K70 increased grain productivity by 0.29–0.66 t ha-1 or 7.0–16.0%. All the preparations positively affected grain yield of winter rye. “Mikromak” and “Strada N” improved grain productivity by 0.46 t ha-1 on the background of N40P50K70 while “Mikromak” and “Mikroel” — by 0.33 t ha-1 on the background of N40P50K70 + N20 due to high number of reproductive stems and 1000 kernel weight. Seed treatment by “Mikromak” improved productivity of control plants by 0.31 t ha-1. “Mikromak” positively affected the number of productive stems from 2.9 to 3.6 pcs, 1000 kernel weight increased from 29.0 to 30.4 g. Crude protein content reached 6.4–9.8% in untreated seeds and 9.4–12.1% — when using “Mikromak”. Crude protein yield amounted to 450–600 kg ha-1 under “Mikromak” application exceeding the untreated variants by 130–160 kg ha-1. Application of “Mikroel” and “Strada N” provided the increase in crude protein of 90–110 kg ha-1 on the background of N40P50K70.

EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC SEED TREATMENT ON YIELDS OF BARLEY, WHEAT, AND OATS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. J. PITTMAN
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Southern Alberta

Preseeding magnetic treatment of barley seed (Hordeum vulgare L.) resulted in seed yield increases in 13 of 19 field tests in southern Alberta from 1972 and 1975. Similarly, treatment of spring and winter wheat seed (Triticum aestivum L.) resulted in yield increases in 14 of 23 tests. Otas (Avena sativa L.) showed no yield response to magnetic treatment of the seed. Within specified limits, date of treatment before seeding, strength of magnetic field, make or model of the magnetic treater used appeared to have no appreciable effect on the response elicited by the seed and the resultant plant.

Effects of inoculum density, temperature, seeding depth, seeding date and fungicidal seed treatment on the impact of Rhizoctonia solani on lentil

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Chang ◽  
S. F. Hwang ◽  
B. D. Gossen ◽  
G. D. Turnbull ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
The Impact

Rhizoctonia solani causes seedling blight and root rot in lentil, which reduces plant populations and the vigour and yield of surviving plants. Factors in the seedling environment, such as inoculum density, temperature, seeding depth, seeding date, and fungicidal seed treatment were studied to determine the degree to which they affect the impact of R. solani on lentil seedlings. Survival of lentil plants was evaluated after planting into soil artificially inoculated with various concentrations of a highly aggressive isolate of R. solani (AG-4). Emergence, seedling survival and shoot dry matter production decreased with increasing inoculum density, but these declines varied with temperature. Low soil temperatures delayed the emergence of lentil seedlings in non-inoculated soil, but in inoculated soils, emergence was inhibited with increasing temperatures. Depth of seeding did not affect seedling establishment, but root rot severity increased with depth of seeding in a growth cabinet trial. Root nodulation was reduced as root rot severity increased. In field experiments carried out over 3 station years, seeding date had a substantial effect on seedling emergence and yield of inoculated treatments, but the trends were not consistent between sites. In field assessments of fungicide efficacy, treatment of seed with thiabendazole plus carbathiin (Crown) and carbathiin plus thiram (Vitaflo 280) improved seedling establishment relative to the inoculated control. Key words: Lens culinaris, damping-off, root rot, seeding date, fungicide seed treatment depth of seeding, thiabendazole, carbathiin, thiram

THE EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE, SEEDING DATE AND LOCATION ON GRAIN YIELD, MATURITY, PROTEIN PERCENTAGE AND PROTEIN YIELD OF SOME SPRING WHEATS IN CENTRAL ALBERTA

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1139-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS ◽  
ATTINAW AYTEN-FISU
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Germplasm Type ◽  
Main Effects

Five Canada Utility and two Canada Western Red Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were tested at three Central Alberta locations under 18 conditions of seeding management, consisting of six seeding rates (30–180 kg/ha) combined with three seeding dates. Main effects of dates (D), rates (R) and genotypes (G) were significant at one or more locations for grain yield, days to maturity, grain protein percentage and protein yield. Based on the average response of the seven genotypes, early seeding combined with seeding rates of 90 kg/ha or more gave optimum yield with a minimum number of days to maturity. Main effects were not always the same at all locations, implying G × Location interactions. Significant G × R and G × D interactions were recorded for all variables at one or more locations, although their magnitude was not as great as for the main effects. A significant G × R × D effect was also recorded at one or more locations for grain yield, days to maturity and protein yield. Existence of significant G × R, G × D and G × R × D effects suggests that new wheat cultivars, particularly when of novel germplasm type, should be checked for response to variable seeding management at different locations, in order to capitalize on any favorable interactions.

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