FIELD EVALUATION ON NONSALINE SOILS OF A SOMACLONAL VARIANT OF McGREGOR FLAX SELECTED FOR SALT TOLERANCE IN VITRO

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. ROWLAND ◽  
A. McHUGHEN ◽  
C. McONIE
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Somaclonal Variant ◽  
Early Maturing

Field experiments, comparing the performance of a tissue-culture-derived salt-tolerant selection (STS) of McGregor flax (Linum usitatissimum) with the cultivars McGregor, Linott, Noralta, NorLin and NorMan, were sown at three nonsaline locations in Saskatchewan in 1984 and 1985. The salient feature of this experiment was the dissimilarity of STS to its parent, McGregor. STS yielded less, was earlier to bolt, flower and mature, and had larger seeds with a lower oil content than McGregor. The yield of STS was similar to other early-maturing cultivars under test.Key words: Linum usitatissimum, somaclonal variation, seed yield

FIELD PERFORMANCE AT SALINE-AFFECTED SITES OF A SOMACLONAL VARIANT OF McGREGOR FLAX SELECTED FOR SALT TOLERANCE IN VITRO

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. ROWLAND ◽  
A. McHUGHEN ◽  
C. McONIE
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Somaclonal Variant ◽  
Salinity Response

The response to salinity of a tissue culture derived, salt-tolerant selection (STS) of flax (Linum usitatissimum) was measured at three saline-affected field sites in Saskatchewan in 1985 and 1986. Two experiments were conducted at each site in each year. Experiment A compared the plant population, dry matter yield and seed yield of STS to its parent cultivar McGregor. Experiment B compared the plant establishment, growth rates, days to flower, days to mature and seed yield per plant of STS, McGregor and the cultivar Noralta which has a maturity similar to STS. The seed yield of McGregor was greater than that of STS in both saline and nonsaline conditions and was significantly less affected by salinity than STS. However, when equal numbers of seeds were sown, more STS plants survived to maturity than either McGregor or Noralta. The decrease in seed yield per plant with increasing salinity was usually greater for McGregor and Noralta than STS and sometimes significantly so. The maturity differences among McGregor, STS and Noralta were not correlated with the differences in seed yield per plant. There was no consistent pattern in the results to suggest that STS was more saline-tolerant than were flax cultivars developed using conventional breeding procedures.Key words: Linum usitatissimum, somaclonal variation, salinity response

Evaluation of salt-tolerant genotypes of durum wheat derived from in vitro and field experiments

2005 ◽  
Vol 91 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadollah Houshmand ◽  
Ahmad Arzani ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohamad Maibody ◽  
Mohammad Feizi
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Salt Tolerant

Field evaluation following two cycles of backcross transfer of somatic embryogenesis to commercial alfalfa germplasm

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Bowley ◽  
G. A. Kielly ◽  
K. Anandarajah ◽  
B. D. McKersie ◽  
T. Senaratna
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

For successful application of artificial seed technology to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), parental plants must possess the necessary genes for somatic embryogenesis and produce progeny having high commercial value. A backcross procedure was initiated to transfer the ability to form somatic embryos from genotype A70-34, a selection from the cultivar Rangelander, to multiple-pest-resistant alfalfa germplasm. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the growth characteristics and seed yield of the F1; BC1 and BC2 generations to determine if introgression with commercial germplasm had improved the agronomic features of the embryogenic germplasm. This study consisted of two field experiments, each conducted at two locations. One experiment evaluated herbage growth characteristics and herbage production at Elora and Woodstock, Ontario, and the other evaluated seed yield at Elora and Delhi, Ontario. Significant increases in fall regrowth height, leaflet length:width ratio, and seed yield were detected over the cycles of crossing. By the BC2, fall dormancy and leaflet length:width ratio were similar to those in commercial populations. Although improvements in seed yield were detected, the BC2 was inferior in seed yield compared with commercial germplasm, and further introgression and (or) conscious selection for improved seed yield will be required. Through a population backcross procedure, it appears possible to develop commercial alfalfa germplasm capable of in vitro manipulation. Key words: Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., somatic embryogenesis, artificial seed, backcross

SCLEROTINIA HEAD ROT IN SAFFLOWER: ASSESSMENT OF RESISTANCE AND EFFECTS ON YIELD AND OIL CONTENT

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. -H. MÜNDEL ◽  
H. C. HUANG ◽  
G. C. KOZUB
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Carpogenic Germination ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Head Rot

Field experiments were conducted in 1982 and 1983 to screen 20 lines of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) for resistance to head rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Plots were artificially infested with sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum at seeding and irrigated during the growing season to maintain adequate moisture for carpogenic germination of sclerotia and production of apothecia. The reaction of each line to S. sclerotiorum was similar for the 2 years. Severity of head rot varied significantly among the 20 lines tested, ranging from 6% for Lesaf 34C-OO to 62% for Gila in 1982 and from 0.3% for Lesaf 34C-OO to 31% for PCA in 1983. Level of resistance was not related to the level of maturity of the lines. Yield losses ranged from 81 kg/ha for Lesaf 34C-OO to 678 kg/ha for Gila in 1982 and from 14 kg/ha for Lesaf 34C-OO to 935 kg/ha for PCA in 1983. Healthy plants averaged 4.4% more oil in the seed than did the corresponding parental lines. This study has demonstrated the possibility of developing early maturing safflower lines resistance to sclerotinia head rot for production on the Canadian Prairies.Key words: Carthamus tinctorius, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

scholarly journals Fungicidal Management of Stemphylium blight of Onion caused by Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) Simmons

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavya Mishra ◽  
Rajesh Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Stemphylium Vesicarium ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Stemphylium Blight ◽  
Commercial Crop

ABSTRACT: Onion is an important commercial crop grown all over the world. It is attacked by many diseases which cause yield losses and result in lowering the quality and export potential of the produce. Stemphylium blight caused by Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) Simmons is one such disease, which has become an economic threat since past few years, especially in Northern and Eastern India. In the present study, field evaluation as well as in vitro study was conducted for evaluating some fungicides for the management of Stemphylium blight as well as to observe their effects on yield and quality parameters of onion. The results of the in vitro study revealed that fluopyram + tebuconazole gave complete mycelial inhibition of test fungus at 50 ppm concentration. Results of the field experiments showed that all the treatments significantly reduced the disease severity. However, strobilurins were found to be more effective, giving more than 50% disease control over check. Keeping in view the overall performance of the fungicides, it was concluded that the combination products azoxystrobin 25% + flutriafol 25% SC and fluopyram 20% + tebuconazole 20% SC can be recommended for the management of Stemphylium blight of onion under field conditions.

scholarly journals Enterobacter sp. strain Fs-11 adapted to diverse ecological conditions and promoted sunflower achene yield, nutrient uptake and oil contents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Sohail Hameed ◽  
Mohsin Zafar ◽  
Mohsin Tariq ◽  
Khadim Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Sunflower Crop

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are under extensive investigation, especially in developing countries, as supplements of chemical fertilizers due to cost-effective and eco-friendly nature. The competence and consistency of PGPR in heterogeneous soil medium and diverse ecological settings are still unclear. The current study presents in vitro and field evaluation of a physiologically and genetically characterized PGPR strain Enterobacter sp. Fs-11 (GenBank accession # GQ179978) in terms of its potential to thrive in rhizosphere and enhance sunflower crop yield and oil contents under diverse environmental conditions. Under in vitro conditions, strain Fs-11 was found to grow optimally at a range of temperature (15 to 40 °C) and pH values (6.5 to 8.5). Extracellular and intracellular localization of the strain Fs-11 in sunflower root cortical cells through transmission electron microscopy confirmed its epiphytic and endophytic root colonization pattern, respectively. In field experiments, conducted at three different agro-climatic locations, inoculation of strain Fs-11 at 50% reduced NP-fertilizer resulted in a significant (Fisher’s LSD; P≤0.05) increase in growth, achene yield, nutrient uptake and oil contents as compared to non-inoculated plants. Inoculation also responded significantly in terms of increase in mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acids, respectively) without rising saturated fatty acid (palmitic and stearic acid) contents. We concluded that Enterobacter sp. Fs-11 is a potential candidate for biofertilizer formulations to supplement chemical fertilizer requirements of sunflower crop under diverse climatic conditions.

PERFORMANCE OF PURE AND MIXED STANDS OF FLAX CULTIVARS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 797-802
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS ◽  
E. O. KENASCHUK
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Early Maturing

Field experiments were conducted in the 1975 to 1979 seasons to determine the performance of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars grown in pure and mixed stands at Morden, Manitoba. The mixtures consisted of tall, late-maturing cultivars blended in various proportions with short, early-maturing cultivars. The blends generally stabilized production by yielding about midway between the yields of the two components grown in pure stands, and thereby resulted in no advantage over growing the components in separate fields. However, when one of the components yielded very poorly in pure stands because of poor emergence, in a blend the stronger component compensated enough to produce an acceptable yield.Key words: Flax, Linum usitatissimum L., blends, seed yield

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