In vitro screening and field evaluation of tissue-culture-regenerated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) for soil stress tolerance

Euphytica ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Duncan ◽  
R. M. Waskom ◽  
M. W. Nabors
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Soil Stress ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

FIELD EVALUATION OF TISSUE CULTURE DERIVED SORGHUM FOR INCREASED TOLERANCE TO ACID SOILS AND DROUGHT STRESS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. WASKOM ◽  
D. R. MILLER ◽  
G. E. HANNING ◽  
R. R. DUNCAN ◽  
R. L. VOIGT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Acid Soil Tolerance

Plant tissue culture is being recognized as an important tool for generating useful variants for crop improvement. The objective of this research was to determine if improved tolerance to acid soil and drought stress can be generated in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] through tissue culture. Two environments were used to screen for enhanced field tolerance: (1) a low pH field in Griffin, Georgia for testing acid soil stress tolerance, and (2) an arid environment in Yuma, Arizona for testing drought stress tolerance. A population of 212 R1 sorghum lines from tissue cultures of Hegari and Tx430 were increased in 1986. Screening was then conducted in both environments during 1987. Selected entries which showed improved tolerance were advanced and re-tested during 1988. From this original population, four lines were identified as having improved acid soil tolerance and five lines were identified as having improved drought tolerance as compared to the non-regenerated checks. Three of these lines performed better than the non-regenerated checks under both acid soil and drought stress conditions. These results indicate that somaclonal variants for increased tolerance to environmental stresses can be generated in tissue culture and be selected under proper field conditions.Key words: Sorghum bicolor, somaclonal variation, drought tolerance, acid soil tolerance, tissue culture

Effects of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench) Tannins on α-Amylase Activity and in Vitro Digestibility of Starch in Raw and Processed Flours

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (18) ◽  
pp. 4448-4454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyambe L. Mkandawire ◽  
Rhett C. Kaufman ◽  
Scott R. Bean ◽  
Curtis L. Weller ◽  
David S. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

scholarly journals Produção Animal em Pastagem com Gramíneas de Estação Quente

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 1491-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Restle ◽  
Cledson Roso ◽  
Valmir Aita ◽  
José Laerte Nörnberg ◽  
Ivan Luiz Brondani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Pennisetum Americanum ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Foi avaliado o desempenho de novilhos de corte, durante a fase de recria, em capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) cv. Taiwan A-146, papuã (Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc), sorgo forrageiro (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cv. AG 2501C e milheto (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) cv. comum. O período total de pastejo foi de 143 dias para a pastagem de capim-elefante e 98 dias para as demais pastagens. O sistema de pastejo foi o contínuo com lotação variável. O teor de proteína bruta na massa de forragem foi de 5,43; 10,08; 9,95; e 10,58% e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca, de 50,93; 55,85; 54,56; e 54,81% para capim-elefante, papuã, sorgo e milheto, respectivamente. Houve diferença significativa no ganho de peso médio diário, que foi de 0,928; 1,054; 1,121; e 1,188 kg, para o capim-elefante, papuã, sorgo e milheto, respectivamente. Não houve diferença significativa na carga animal entre as pastagens, sendo de 1682, 1634, 1389 e 1514 kg de PV/ha, e no ganho de peso vivo, que foi de 774, 668, 570 e 640 kg de PV/ha para as pastagens de capim-elefante, papuã, sorgo e milheto, respectivamente. A utilização de pastagens cultivadas de verão, manejadas corretamente, permite altos ganhos de peso por animal e por área, constituindo-se em uma excelente alternativa para intensificar a produção de bovinos de corte.

scholarly journals The role of sucrose metabolizing proteins in hyperosmotic stress tolerance in sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

Plant Omics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Anathi Njokweni ◽  
◽  
Omodele Ibraheem ◽  
Bongani Ndimba ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Hyperosmotic Stress ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

scholarly journals Variability in salinity stress tolerance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties using in vitro screening

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Abdullah Ahmed Ahmed ◽  
Nilüfer Koçak Şahin ◽  
Güray Akdoğan ◽  
Cennet Yaman ◽  
Deniz Köm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the abiotic stresses that lead to an imbalance in the physiological processes of the plants and also affects potato growth and productivity in maınly semi-arid and growing areas. The accumulation of Na+ and Cl- ions in the cells is very toxic can influence all mechanisms and the enzymatic actions of the plants. In vitro screening of plant genotypes for osmotic stress represents a valuable tool as an alternative to field trials and can be applied based on osmotic stress tolerance. The main goal of this study was to reveal variability in salinity stress tolerance of potato varieties using in vitro screening. Stem cuttings consisting of a single node of different varieties were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM). The differences among the plantlet length, number of branches, number of nodes, number of the leaflet, leaflet width, leaflet length, root length, number of the root, fresh plantlet weight, dry plantlet weight of all varieties were negatively influenced by all NaCl concentrations tested. Microtuberization and stolon growth of the varieties were also completely inhibited at high concentrations (100-150 mM). The Principal components analysis (PCA) was applied to the data matrix (15 morphological characteristics x 12 potato varieties) of the potato varieties. Also, a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to identify the possible nearest and similarity of all morphological characteristics analyzed of the potato varieties. In grouping potato varieties, HCA and PCA results were found to be similar. We can speculate about the responses of morphological similarities of the potato varieties against salt stress. We concluded that Innovator and Kennebec are respectively the most salt-tolerant varieties. Hermes was moderately salt-tolerant and microtuberization capacity of Slaney was also high under salt stress conditions.

scholarly journals Características fisicoquímicas de nueve híbridos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) y su relación con el contenido de almidón y digestión ruminal

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Villarreal-Silva ◽  
Francisco Castrejón Pineda ◽  
Alejandro Plascencia ◽  
Lourdes Carolina Pujol ◽  
Alfredo Estrada-Angulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Nueve híbridos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) se analizaron para determinar la relación de sus características físicas [materia seca (MS), peso de mil granos (PMG), tamaño de partícula (TP), densidad relativa(DR), superficie de área (SA), partículas por gramo (PPG), endospermo duro (END-DU), endospermo blando (ENDBL)]; y químicas [nitrógeno total (NT), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), contenido de almidón (ALM), almidón soluble (AlmS), almidón insoluble  (AlmNS). La digestión ruminal esperada (DRUM) se estimó con las fracciones de AlmS y AlmNS in vitro. El promedio de PMG, TP, DR, SA, PPG y END-DU fue de 24.61 g, 3.17 mm, 1.30 g/cm3, 17.44 cm2/g, 30.33 y 46.68 %, respectivamente El promedio (%) de MS, PC, FDN, FDA, ALM, AlmS y AlmNS fue de 92.47, 8.19, 19.17 y 8.30, 69.58, 6.00 y 47.74 respectivamente. La concentración de taninos fue baja (<0.003 eqCat). La DRUM promedió 66 % (rango 64.6 a 68.4 %). No se detectó ninguna relación (P>0.05) entre las variables físicas o químicas  con el contenido total de almidón en el grano; sin embargo las variables densidad relativa y superficie de área, permiten incrementar el poder de predicción de la digestibilidad ruminal del almidón (DRUM,%= 74.058 - 0.108END-DU + 0.027SA – 5.887DR, R2= 0.77, P<0.05). De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, las variedades estudiadas son de dureza intermedia, libres de taninos y con un potencial de digestibilidad ruminal del almidón del 66 %. 

scholarly journals In Vitro Screening Ketahanan Galur Padi (Oryza Sativa) B7 Hasil Rakitan Politeknik Negeri Lampung Terhadap Keracunan Besi (Fe)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Onny Chrisna Pandu Pradana ◽  
Siti Novridha Andini
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Iron Toxicity ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

This research aimed to invstigate the response of paddy culture (B7 strain) assembled by Lampung State Polytechnic to the iron toxicity tolerance. The research was done at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Lampung State Polytechnic, from July to September 2019. Treatments were single arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The treatment tried was five levels of Fe concentrations (5,6 ppm 28 ppm, 56 ppm, 84 ppm, 112 ppm, and control). Each replication consisted of three culture bottle containing one explant. The homogenity of data was tested using Barlett test. If the assumption were fulfilled then analysis of variance is executed using STATISTIX 10, and then followed by the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test in 5% alpha for mean separation and RPA analysis. The result of this research showed that the B7 strain has tolerance to iron toxicity until 56 ppm of Fe concentration, it can be concluded from the PAR value of its strain (>0,50). Meanwhile in  84 and 112 ppm of Fe concentration, the RPA value of B7 starin (<0,50), and it is indicate that its strain is sensitive. 

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