A DIGITAL IMAGE ANALYSIS METHOD FOR SELECTING OZONE-INSENSITIVE WHITE BEANS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. MICHAELS
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Video Image ◽  
Digital Method ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Ozone Sensitivity ◽  
Pixel Brightness

Rating ozone damage in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) requires visual estimation by experienced evaluators. The objective of this study was to determine whether an alternative digital method based on the mean and standard deviation of pixel brightness values from the video image of a leaf could rapidly and reliably measure ozone sensitivity of white bean breeding lines. Fourteen-day-old seedlings of 35 breeding lines and six parental cultivars were exposed to controlled fumigation with 0.20 μL L−1 ozone for 6 h during each of 4 d in growth chambers. On day 5, injury of the two unifoliolate leaves was evaluated using the digital method and visual estimates of damaged leaf area. The standard deviation of pixel brightness values was significantly correlated with the percentage damaged leaf area estimates (r = 0.68). The digital and visual methods identified most of the same breeding lines as ozone-insensitive, but disagreed on the ranking of the ozone-sensitive lines.Key words: Bean (common), Phaseolus vulgaris L., ozone, video image analysis, selection

Sodium toxicity and cation imbalance in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali T. Ayoub ◽  
H. M. Ishag
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Sodium Accumulation ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Sodium Toxicity ◽  
Relative Water

SummaryLeaf burn and gradual death were the characteristic symptoms of injury in P. vulgaris sown on a sodic soil. Plant growth, total leaf area per plant, number of stomata and epidermal cells per unit leaf area, and relative water content were drastically reduced in injured plants; these were associated with large sodium accumulation in the shoot resulting in cation imbalance.

Relationship of leaf parameters with genetic ozone insensitivity in selected Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2187-2191 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hucl ◽  
W. D. Beversdorf ◽  
B. D. McKersie
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Foliar Injury ◽  
Stomatal Frequency ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Ozone Sensitivity ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Leaf Parameters

The relationship of ozone-induced foliar injury (ozone sensitivity) with several leaf characteristics including stomatal frequency, stomatal closure in the presence of ozone (O3), and trichome densities (abaxial and adaxial) was evaluated for a diverse group of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars. Differences were observed among cultivars for ozone sensitivity and leaf parameters including stomatal frequency, trichome density, and stomatal closure in the presence of O3. Although significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences among the cultivars for stomatal frequency and trichome densities existed, no consistent pattern between insensitive and sensitive cultivars was observed. Ozone-sensitive genotypes responded to 40 parts per hundred million O3 with similar or greater stomatal closure than the more insensitive genotypes, indicating that stomatal closure was not a primary mechanism for O3 insensitivity among the cultivars evaluated.

GROWTH OF BEAN ACCESSIONS AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. FREYMAN ◽  
G. A. KEMP ◽  
D. B. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Commercial Cultivars

Growth and rates of photosynthesis of two accessions and two cultivars (Great Northern 1140 and Sutter Pink) of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were compared at 10, 15, and 23 °C in a controlled environment cabinet. The leaf area, dry matter, and rate of total apparent photosynthesis of one of the accessions was significantly higher after growth for 13 days at 10 °C than that of the commercial cultivars. This advantage was not maintained at 23 °C. In another experiment, growth of the same four cultivars was compared at light/dark temperatures of 10/10, 15/12, and 23/18 °C. The two accessions established a higher leaf area and accumulated more dry matter at the cooler temperatures than the commercial cultivars, but lost this advantage at the highest temperatures. In a field trial, the accessions had a similar rapid early growth but fell behind later in the season. Ideally, a bean cultivar for the Canadian prairie should incorporate the accession’s ability for rapid growth and leaf expansion at cool temperatures with a growth rate during mid-summer comparable to that of Great Northern 1140.

IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR CHARACTERISING FRENCH BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) PODS

2012 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
C. Torres ◽  
A. Clément ◽  
E. Frison ◽  
E. Auperpin ◽  
P. Parmentier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

scholarly journals Inheritance of the performance and its constituents by common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) hybrids and lines

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
O. Dupliak ◽  
O. Barban ◽  
M. Pysarets
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Check Variety

Purpose. To study the inheritance nature and polymorphism of the performance as well as the traits determining it in intervariety hybrids of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and to identify promising genotypes and lines for further practical breeding. Material and methods. The intraspecies F1–F6 hybrid common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) combinations derived from crosses of varieties of different eco-geographical origin (Mavka/CDC Camino, Belko/CDC Rosalee and Mavka/Niger Wally) were studied. The study object was the performance and suitability for mechanized harvesting as well as traits that determine them. The breeding was conducted according to the full breeding design. We conducted multiple individual selections, starting with F2. We used experimental-field and laboratory-analytical methods and statistical processing of data on a PC. Results and discussion. The degree of phenotypic dominance of the plant height in F1 hybrids varied 9.4 to –1.75, of the performance and its constituents – 2.7 to – 1.5. The frequency of probable transgressions in F2 was within 16.5–32.0 and 0–14.7%, respectively, with a coefficient of variation ranging 17.5% to 61.9%. The index traits were less variable. In the F3 Mavka/CDC Camino the share of performance-positive transgressions was 50.0%; in the F3 Belko/CDC Rosalee it was 12.0% related to the number of transgressive forms in F2. In the F4 Mavka/CDC Camino, it increased to 66.1%. 57.1% of the F5–F6 breeding lines gave higher yields than that from check variety Pervomaiska. In 64.3% of the breeding lines, the yield stability exceeded 70%; 39.2% of the accessions were better (81.4–97.1%) than the check variety (76.5%). Conclusions. Intravariety hybridization was proved to be an effective method for the crop breeding. It is recommended to select idiotypes from hybrid populations from crossing forms have contrasting traits, starting with F3; it is advisable to use the harvest index as a selection criterion

Comparative study of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) response to seven watering regimes in a controlled environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 918 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bourgault ◽  
D. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Legume crops are often grown in drought-prone areas, and subjected to water stress. Greater understanding of drought tolerance in legumes and the use of physiological traits in breeding programs would likely provide high returns. An experiment was conducted comparing the response of two legume crops, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), to seven watering regimes, in order to identify traits and timing of observations that are inexpensive and relatively easy to phenotype. Gas exchange measurements were conducted before and after selected waterings, and plants were harvested at flowering for the determination of leaf area, biomass, relative water content, and water potential. Results demonstrated that mungbean exhibited a conservative use of water through lower leaf area and a limit to maximum transpiration under non-limiting soil moisture conditions, as well as a greater partitioning of biomass into stems rather than leaves. Mungbean also maintained higher photosynthesis than common bean in low soil moisture conditions, and maintained higher relative water content than common bean. We suggest investigations into stem water-soluble carbohydrates would be worthwhile.

scholarly journals Participatory variety selection of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in the major bean producing areas of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1055-1063
Author(s):  
Shiferaw G. Tigist ◽  
Rob Melis ◽  
Julia Sibiya ◽  
Beyene Amelework ◽  
Gemechu Keneni
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Participatory Variety Selection ◽  
Selection Of

This study was conducted to identify suitable parental genotypes for breeding for resistance to bruchid and to identify the farmers’ preferred traits in common bean. For this study, 144 diverse common bean genotypes were planted in an alpha lattice design, with 3 replications at 3 locations. Participatory variety selection was done using 20 farmers at each location. Farmers identified a number of criteria for selecting suitable varieties. Yield and yield-related traits were ranked as the most important selection criteria by all farmers at all locations. However, women ranked culinary traits as the top criteria, while men were more interested in marketable traits. From the 144 genotypes, farmers selected the 10 best genotypes in all the locations. The majority of the genotypes selected at Melkassa and Alemetena were small white-seeded released varieties and breeding lines. However, all the genotypes selected at Arsi Negele were predominantly landraces of small red-seeded beans. Traits such as earliness and resistance to storage insect were important in Melkassa and Alme tena but received less attention in Arsi Negele. The integration of the farmers’ selection preferences with the breeders’ criteria can improve the efficiency of plant breeding by developing crop varieties that better fit the specific needs of the farmers.

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