Response of three corn hybrids to defoliation of neighboring plants

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Vasilas ◽  
J. J. Fuhrmann ◽  
R. W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Hail Damage ◽  
Competition For Light ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University

Hail can cut completely through the whorl of young corn (Zea mays) plants causing complete defoliation. If only a portion of the stand is damaged, defoliated plants are subjected to shading by nondefoliated neighboring plants which benefit from reduced competition for light. Field experiments were conducted in 1986 and 1987 at the University of Illinois on a Flanagan silt loam (Aquic Argiudoll) to determine the relative contribution of both defoliated and nondefoliated plants to yield of the stand. Three hybrids were evaluated: Pioneer 3377, FR27 × FRMo17, and FRB73 × FR25. At the four-leaf stage the following treatments were imposed: cutting through the whorl of all plants 50 mm above ground level to effect complete defoliation (100-DEF) or cutting through the whorl of alternate plants (50-DEF). When compared to nondefoliated controls, the 100-DEF and 50-DEF treatments reduced grain yields on the average by 12.3 and 8.3%, respectively. No hybrid × defoliation interaction was detected for grain yield. With the 50-DEF treatment, compensation by nondefoliated plants was evident in the form of increased ears plant−1 and kernels ear−1, and 100-seed weight depending on the hybrid and year. Increased barrenness was a significant factor in decreased yields of defoliated plants only for FR27 × FRMo17 in one year. Key words: Zea mays L., hail damage, yield components, prolificacy, barrenness

Differential Butylate Injury to Corn Hybrids

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Wright ◽  
C. E. Rieck
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Hybrid

Injury to corn (Zea maysL.) fromS-ethyl diisobutylthiocarbamate (butylate) was investigated with respect to hybrid. Field experiments in 1971 at Dillon and Clemson, South Carolina, established that the corn hybrid ‘Coker 71’ was more tolerant to butylate than ‘Pioneer 511A’. Also established as being tolerant and sensitive to butylate were the hybrids ‘Pioneer 3030’ and ‘PAG 644’, respectively. Laboratory studies with14C-butylate showed that the resistant hybrid ‘Pioneer 3030’ took up less14C-butylate and metabolized more to14CO2than did ‘PAG 644’.

Weed Control and Crop Injury in Ecofallow Corn (Zea mays) Using Imazethapyr

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-754
Author(s):  
Gail A. Wicks ◽  
Garold W. Mahnken ◽  
Gordon E. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Control Option ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Better Than

Imidazolinone-resistant and -tolerant corn hybrids give growers a new weed control option. Field experiments were conducted in 1993 and 1994 to evaluate imazethapyr for controlling weeds in no-till corn planted into winter wheat stubble in a winter wheat–ecofallow corn rotation. Imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) and imidazolinone-resistant (IR) corn were protected genetically from injury by imazethapyr that was applied preplant, preemergence, or postemergence to ‘Pioneer Brand 3417,’ ‘Pioneer Brand 3417 IR,’ ‘ICI Seeds 8532,’ and ‘ICI Seeds 8532 IT’ hybrids. No difference in corn injury occurred between IR and IT corn. Imazethapyr applied to resistant or tolerant corn hybrids could be used to control weeds in ecofallow corn. Imazethapyr at 35 or 70 g ai/ha controlled triazine-resistant kochia better than the standard herbicide treatment of metolachlor plus cyanazine.

The Influence of Terbufos on the Response of Five Corn (Zea mays) Hybrids to CGA-136872

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Holshouser ◽  
James M. Chandler ◽  
Harold R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Soil Insecticides

Field experiments were established to investigate the influence of terbufos on the response of five corn hybrids to postemergence applications of CGA-136872. In 1987, Asgrow RX404, Dekalb DK656, Funk's G4673A, and Pioneer P3165 were tolerant to CGA-136872 when no soil insecticides were applied. In 1988, terbufos was applied at 1.1 kg ai ha-1in-furrow at planting. Injury was observed on all hybrids following CGA-136872 application in 1988. With the exception of Funk's G4307, all hybrids were tolerant to CGA-136872 in 1989 when no soil insecticide was used. When terbufos was applied in-furrow, injury increased with increasing herbicide rate for these hybrids.

Weed Control in Oat (Avena sativa)-Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and Effect on Next Year Corn (Zea mays) Yield

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-877
Author(s):  
Russell S. Moomaw
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
No Till ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Second Year ◽  
One Year ◽  
Forage Yields

Field experiments were conducted from 1985 through 1989 to evaluate herbicide selectivity and impact on seeding-year yields of spring oat and underseeded alfalfa, and carryover weed control benefits from increased legume-fixed N for second-year dryland no-till corn. PRE metolachlor, pendimethalin, and prodiamine controlled green foxtail and POST bromoxynil or 2,4-DB controlled broadleaf weeds. These herbicides caused 0 to 20% alfalfa injury and 0 to 17% oat injury, and increased oat yield one of three years but did not increase the yield of underseeded alfalfa. POST pyridate, thifensulfuron, and tribenuron were too injurious to either oat, alfalfa, or both crops. Forage yields of annual ‘Nitro’ and perennial ‘Wrangler’ alfalfa seeded alone were greater than when they were underseeded in oat, with herbicides applied in both systems. As a result of drought in 1988 and 1989, yield of second-year corn planted after one-year alfalfa was not increased from potentially greater legume-fixed N. Dryland corn yield following monoculture oat or corn was 254% higher than corn following alfalfa.

Effects of Nicosulfuron on Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) Control in Corn (Zea mays)

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Betsey M. O'Toole ◽  
John Andaloro
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Elytrigia Repens ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Conventional Field

Four field experiments were conducted during 1988 and 1989 to determine the effects of POST application of nicosulfuron on quackgrass control in conventional field corn. A single application of nicosulfuron at 35 to 70 g ha–1applied to four- to six-leaf quackgrass controlled over 90% of quackgrass five weeks after treatment. Nicosulfuron at 35 g ha–1applied at the one- to three-leaf stage was not as effective as the same rate applied at the four- to six-leaf stage. When nicosulfuron at 35 g ha–1was applied to four- to six-leaf quackgrass, over 80% of the quackgrass regrowth was controlled one year later. Nicosulfuron did not injure ‘Agway 584S’ corn at the highest rate (140 g ha–1) tested and did not reduce silage or grain yield.

Performance of Imazethapyr-Resistant Corn (Zea mays) Compared with Susceptible Near-Isogenic and Commercial Hybrids

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris M. Boerboom ◽  
Joe G. Lauer
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Resistance Trait ◽  
The University

Farmers need information on herbicide technology and crop performance to assess the profitability of new herbicide-resistant crop technologies. First-generation imazethapyr-resistant corn hybrids evaluated at the University of Wisconsin yielded less than other commercial hybrids. To determine if this resistance trait affected yield or agronomic traits, 10 near-isogenic pairs of imazethapyr-resistant and -susceptible corn hybrids were compared. Whether treated with imazethapyr or not, imazethapyr-resistant hybrids yielded the same when averaged across hybrids, although yield varied among a few individual hybrids within single experiments. Seven of the imazethaypr-resistant hybrids yielded the same, two yield more, and one yielded less than their susceptible near-isogenic counterpart during eight site-years. Grain moisture was not affected, but imazethapyr-resistant hybrids had fewer broken stalks than did susceptible hybrids. The imazethapyr resistance trait does not appear to affect yield potential, but the backcrossing procedure may have caused early resistant hybrids to lag behind in yield compared to other new hybrids.

Some Biological Applications of High Voltage Electron Microscopy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
Hans Ris
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Chromosome Structure ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University

The High Voltage Electron Microscope Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin has been in operation a little over one year. I would like to give a progress report about our experience with this new technique. The achievement of good resolution with thick specimens has been mainly exploited so far. A cold stage which will allow us to look at frozen specimens and a hydration stage are now being installed in our microscope. This will soon make it possible to study undehydrated specimens, a particularly exciting application of the high voltage microscope.Some of the problems studied at the Madison facility are: Structure of kinetoplast and flagella in trypanosomes (J. Paulin, U. of Georgia); growth cones of nerve fibers (R. Hannah, U. of Georgia Medical School); spiny dendrites in cerebellum of mouse (Scott and Guillery, Anatomy, U. of Wis.); spindle of baker's yeast (Joan Peterson, Madison) spindle of Haemanthus (A. Bajer, U. of Oregon, Eugene) chromosome structure (Hans Ris, U. of Wisconsin, Madison). Dr. Paulin and Dr. Hanna are reporting their work separately at this meeting and I shall therefore not discuss it here.

Five Decades of Research Experience in Speech Anatomy and Physiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Speech Science ◽  
The University ◽  
East Carolina University

This report highlights some of the major developments in the area of speech anatomy and physiology drawing from the author's own research experience during his years at the University of Iowa and the University of Illinois. He has benefited greatly from mentors including Professors James Curtis, Kenneth Moll, and Hughlett Morris at the University of Iowa and Professor Paul Lauterbur at the University of Illinois. Many colleagues have contributed to the author's work, especially Professors Jerald Moon at the University of Iowa, Bradley Sutton at the University of Illinois, Jamie Perry at East Carolina University, and Youkyung Bae at the Ohio State University. The strength of these researchers and their students bodes well for future advances in knowledge in this important area of speech science.

Prospective evaluation for gastrointestinal bleedings at the University Hospital St. Pölten – one year of follow-up

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Stättermayer ◽  
F Riedl ◽  
S Bernhofer ◽  
A Stättermayer ◽  
A Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Hospital ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University

Towards an interdisciplinary knowledge exchange model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago DE FRANCISCO ◽  
Diego MAZO
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Common Situation

Universities and corporates, in Europe and the United States, have come to a win-win relationship to accomplish goals that serve research and industry. However, this is not a common situation in Latin America. Knowledge exchange and the co-creation of new projects by applying academic research to solve company problems does not happen naturally.To bridge this gap, the Design School of Universidad de los Andes, together with Avianca, are exploring new formats to understand the knowledge transfer impact in an open innovation network aiming to create fluid channels between different stakeholders. The primary goal was to help Avianca to strengthen their innovation department by apply design methodologies. First, allowing design students to proposed novel solutions for the traveller experience. Then, engaging Avianca employees to learn the design process. These explorations gave the opportunity to the university to apply design research and academic findings in a professional and commercial environment.After one year of collaboration and ten prototypes tested at the airport, we can say that Avianca’s innovation mindset has evolved by implementing a user-centric perspective in the customer experience touch points, building prototypes and quickly iterate. Furthermore, this partnership helped Avianca’s employees to experience a design environment in which they were actively interacting in the innovation process.

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