THE FORMS OF NITROGEN IN THE ORGANIC MATTER OF DIFFERENT HORIZONS OF SOIL PROFILES

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Sowden
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Soil Profiles

A study was made of the amount of amide-N (as glutamine and asparagine) in soil materials by methylating the organic material with methanolic-HCl, reducing the resulting product with LiBH4and determining the loss of glutamic and aspartic acids. The data obtained lend support to the hypothesis that a percentage of the ammonia-N formed on acid hydrolysis, equal or nearly equal to the sum of the glutamic acid-N + the aspartic acid-N, is derived from glutamine and asparagine. An attempt to use other methods to determine the amount of amide-N in soil materials indicated that these methods would not, in general, be reliable, although they might give acceptable results when the degree of decomposition of the organic materials was not too great (e.g., in the A00or A0horizons).

scholarly journals EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES FONTES DE MATERIAL ORGÂNICO NA FERTILIDADE E UMIDADE DO SOLO

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-659
Author(s):  
Daniela Fernanda Alves ◽  
Kleso Silva Franco Junior ◽  
Giselle Giselle Prado Brigante ◽  
Márcio De Souza Dias ◽  
Natália Scalco Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Material Control ◽  
Initial Analysis

Soil is a resource of fundamental importance for agriculture, one of its functions being the balanced supply of nutrients to plants. One of the ways to make the soil sustainable is by applying organic matter, which can be of animal or vegetable origin. The objective was to evaluate the effect of adding different organic materials to the soil in relation to its fertility and moisture. Conducted an initial analysis to analyze soil fertility. Then the area was divided into plots and the treatments were applied, which consisted of 40 ton ha-1 cattle manure, 5 ton ha-1 poultry manure, 53 ton ha-1 swine manure, 30 ton ha-1 coffee straw and 0 ton ha-1 organic material (control). After 90 days, samples were taken from this soil to analyze its fertility and moisture. The treatments that best contributed to its fertility were swine and cattle manure and the treatment that retained more moisture was coffee straw.

scholarly journals KANDUNGAN BAHAN ORGANIK SEDIMEN DAN KADAR H2S AIR DI DALAM DAN DI LUAR TEGAKAN MANGROVE DESA BEDONO, KABUPATEN DEMAK

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Halimatus Sa’diyah ◽  
Norma Afiati ◽  
Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Current Speed ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Surrounding Environment

Kawasan mangrove dapat memproduksi bahan organik dari proses dekomposisi serasah yang jatuh yang menjadi penyuplai nuterien ke lingkungannya. Proses tersebut menggunakan oksigen terlarut yang apabila oksigen terlarut habis maka proses tersebut beralih ke proses dekomposisi secara anaerob yang menyebabkan terbentuknya senyawa H2S. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kandungan bahan organik sedimen dan kadar H2S air di dalam dan di luar kawasan mangrove serta untuk mengetahui hubungan kandungan kadar H2S air dengan bahan organik sedimen dan oksigen terlarut di kawasan mangrove desa Bedono. Metode penelitian adalah metode survey. Penelitian ini dilakasanakn pada bulan Mei- Juni 2017 di lokasi yang mewakili kawasan mangrove dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Data yang diukur adalah suhu air, kecerahan, kedalaman, kecepatan arus, oksigen terlarut, pH, bahan organik sedimen dan H2S air yang dilaksanakan empat kali dengan selang pengukuran dua minggu. Hasil yang didapat yaitu suhu air 28-31oC, kecerahan 14,5-68 cm, kedalaman 33-165 cm, kecepatan arus 0-0,1 m/s, oksigen terlarut , pH 5-6, bahan organik sedimen 7,73-20,27%, H2S air 0,003-0,037 mg/l. Kandungan bahan organik sedimen dan kadar H2S air tertinggi di dalam kawasan mangrove dengan rata-rata 16,36% dan 0,031 mg/l, dan terendah di luar kawasan mangrove dengan rata-rata 9,78% dan 0,01 mg/l. Kadar H2S tinggi di dalam kawasan mangrove dan lebih rendah di luar kawasan mangrove. Kadar H2S air dengan bahan organik sedimen dan oksigen terlarut berhubungan linier dengan persamaan H2S= 0,027 + 0,001BOS- 0,006 DO (r= 0,7246, BOS= Bahan Organik Sedimen, DO= Dissolved Oxygen). Mangroves produce organic matter from the decomposition of falling leaves, twigs etc, which supply nutrient to the environment. The process uses dissolved oxygen; when dissolved oxygen exhausted, it switches into anaerobic decomposition which causes the formation of H2S compounds. This study aims to knowing differences in sediment organic materials and H2S within and adjacent of mangrove areas and to determine the relation of H2S with sediment organic materials and dissolved oxygen in the mangrove areas of Bedono. Survey method is refered, and the study was conducted in May - June 2017 on locations representing mangrove areas and the surrounding environment. The data measured are water temperature, brightness, depth, current speed, dissolved oxygen, pH, sediment organic materials and H2S in the water. Sampling was conducted four times every fortnight. The result of the water temperature is  28-31 ° C, brightness 14.5 to 68 cm, 33-165 cm depth, current speed 0-0.1 m/s, dissolved oxygen 2-5,2 mg/l, pH 5-6, sediment organic material 7,73 to 20.27%, H2S 0.003 to 0.037 mg/l. Sediment organic materials and H2S were highest within the mangrove area, with an average 16.36% and 0.031 mg/l, and the lowest outside of mangrove area with an average 9.78% and 0.01 mg/l. H2S higher in the inside of  the mangrove areas compared to the outside of it. The relation of H2S with sediment organic materials and dissolved oxygen is linearly related according to the equation H2S= 0.027+ 0.001SOM- 0.006DO (r= 0.7246, SOM= Sediment Organic Materials, DO= Dissolved Oxygen).

The Molecular Nature of Organic Matter in Lakes and Oceans, with Lesser Reference to Sewage and Terrestrial Soils

1957 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Vallentyne
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Β Carotene

The compounds listed below have been isolated from, or identified in, the sources under review. Where there is still some question as to the exact identity, the name of the compound is followed by a question mark. Compounds identified on the basis of inadequate data are not listed here.Seston (freshwater and marine)Free: aphanicin, aphanin (=myxoxanthin), arginine, biotin (?), β-carotene, choline, cystine, flavacin, fructose, glucose, hentriacontane (?), histidine, lysine, maltose, monomethylamine, niacin, sucrose, thiamin, trimethylamine, tryptophan, tyrosine, vitamin A, vitamins D, vitamins B12.In hydrolysates:Sugars: galactose, glucose, rhamnose, xylose.Amino acids: α-alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, hydroxyproline, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine.Other compounds: aphanizophyll (=myxoxanthophyll?), astacene, cetyl alcohol, cholesterol (?), glucuronic acid, glycerol, lutein, peridinin.Dissolved organic matter (freshwater and marine)Free: biotin, dehydroascorbic acid, glucose, niacin (?), sucrose, thiamin, vitamins B12.In hydrolysates: α-alanine, aspartic acid, cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, tryptophan, tyrosine.Aquatic sediments (freshwater and marine)Free:Sugars: arabinose, fructose, fucose, galactose, glucose, maltose, ribose, sucrose, xylose.Amino acids: α-alanine, glutamic acid.Carotenoids: α-carotene, β-carotene, flavorhodin (?), leprotene (?), myxoxanthin (?), rhodopurpurin (?), rhodoviolascin, torulene (?).Other compounds: acetic acid, biotin, n-butyric acid, cellulose, formic acid, pentatriacontane, β-sitosterol, thiamin (?), trimethylamine, tritriacontane, vitamins B12.In hydrolysates:Sugars: arabinose, fructose (?), fucose, galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, ribose, xylose.Amino acids: α-alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, serine, tyrosine, valine.Carotenoids: antheraxanthin (?), fucoxanthin (?), petaloxanthin (?), sulcatoxanthin (?), zeaxanthin (?).Other compounds: adenine, arachidic acid, behenic acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, cerotic acid, cytosine, galacturonic acid, guanine, heptacosanoic acid, heptacosanol, heptoic acid, montanic acid, uracil.Sewage and Activated SludgeFree: acetic acid, biotin, n-butyric acid, folic acid (?), indole (?), niacin (?), pantothenic acid (?), propionic acid, pyridoxine (?), riboflavin (?), skatole (?), thiamin, tryptophan, tyrosine, n-valeric acid (?), vitamins B12.Terrestrial SoilsFree:Sugars: no free sugars identified.Amino acids: α-alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, leucine and/or isoleucine, lysine, serine, threonine, valine.Other acids: acetic acid, acrylic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid (?), benzoic acid, 3,5-cresotic acid, α-crotonic acid, cyanuric acid, 8,9-dihydroxystearic acid, formic acid, α-hydroxystearic acid, lignoceric acid, oxalic acid, α-picoline-γ-carboxylic acid, saccharic acid, succinic acid.Other compounds: adenine, allantoin, biotin, chrysene, creatinine, cytosine, hentriacontane, hypoxanthine, inositol, mannitol, methylglyoxal, niacin (?), phytin, pyridoxine (?), riboflavin (?), salicylic aldehyde, thiamin, trithiobenzaldehyde, vanillin, vitamins B12, xanthine.In hydrolysates:Sugars: arabinose, fucose, galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, ribose, xylose.Amino acids: α-alanine, β-alanine, α-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine (?), cysteic acid, α,ε-diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine (?), methionine sulphoxide, proline, phenylalanine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine.Other compounds: galactosamine, galacturonic acid, glucosamine, glucuronic acid, glycerol, guanine, inositol.Partially characterized organic matter fractions from freshwater and marine seston, water and mud are also reviewed. Special attention is devoted to algal toxins and to the occurrence and activity of free enzymes in nature.The number of adequately identified organic compounds in each of the sources under review is: seston, 45; water, 15; sewage, 14; aquatic sediments, 62; terrestrial soils, 76.

scholarly journals STUDY ON ARSENIC MITIGATION BY LIMING METHOD COMBINING ORGANIC MATERIAL ON SOYBEAN AND CORN IN AN GIANG PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Chuong Van Nguyen ◽  
Chinh Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Crop Land ◽  
Corn Crop ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

The study on arsenic mitigation by liming method, combining organic material on soybean and corn crops on the dyke in An Giang, was conducted to determine the effect of lime combination rice husk ash (03 tons/ha) on the uptake of arsenic in soybean, and the effect of lime combination sawdust (02 tons/ha) on the uptake of arsenic in corn crops. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block field format, where the experiments were arranged with 2 treatments with 4 replicates: Treatment 1 (NT1): control (No liming combined with organic materials); Treatment 2 (NT2): liming combined with organic materials in a ratioof 1: 1 (Dosage: 03 tons / ha of lime mixture with rice husk biochar for soybean crop land, 02 tons / ha of mixed lime combined with sawdust for corn crop land). The results revealed that liming treatments combined withorganic materials increased pH H2O and arsenic in soil - the lime combination rice husk ash arsenic content in roots (0.836 mg/kg), leaf stems (0.83 mg/kg) and seeds (0.06 mg/kg) had results lower than the control treatments, 33.1%; 32.5% and 45.5% respectively. Applying and combining lime with sawdust resulted in lower arsenic content in leaf stems (95.3 mg/kg) and seeds (6.33 mg/kg) compared to the control treatmentsby 31.9% and 49.4%. Therefore, added lime combined with organic matter can decrease arsenic content in plants, and it is recommended that growers apply this technique to reduce the absorption of arsenic into crops.

Forms of Lead in Profiles of Differently Use Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Makuch
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Allotment Gardens ◽  
Arable Field ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
The Town ◽  
House Gardens ◽  
Humus Horizons

Abstract In order to determine the influence of intensive horticulture on the amount of lead and its fraction contents, there were selected soil profiles from following objects to be researched: house gardens and allotment gardens from town areas and arable field on the outskirts of the town. It has not been determined that there is any influence of manner usage on total lead content as well as its distribution in soil profiles. The fractionation composition has created the following series: fraction IV > fraction III > fraction II > fraction I. The manner of usage has influenced the content and distribution the III fraction of lead connected with organic matter. Humus horizons of garden soils is characterized as the highest in its content.

ANALYSIS FOR POTENCY AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON MANURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman L. Sahwan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Natural Organic Material ◽  
Very High

Organic materials that are generally used as raw material for organic fertilizer granules (POG) is a natural organic material that has been degrade, smooth and dry. One of the main raw materials are always used with a very high percentage of usage, is manure. Manure potential in Indonesia is very high, amounting to 113.6 million tons per year, or 64.7 million tons per year to the island of Java. From this amount, it will be generated numbers POG production potential of 17.5 million tons per year (total Indonesia) or 9.9 million tons per year for the island of Java. While the realistic POG production predictions figures made from raw manure is 2.5 million tons annually, a figure that has been unable to meet the number requirement of POG greater than 4 million tons per year. Therefore, in producing POG, it should be to maximize the using of the potential of other organic materials so that the use of manure can be saved. With the use of a small amount of manure (maximum 30% for cow manure), it would be useful also to avoid the production of POG with high Fe content.keywods: organic material, manure, granule organic fertilizer

scholarly journals Dietary glutamic acid and aspartic acid as biomarkers for predicting diabetic retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So Young Park ◽  
Jieun Kim ◽  
Jung Il Son ◽  
Sang Youl Rhee ◽  
Do-Yeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Screening Rate ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Lower Education

AbstractThe screening rate of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is low despite the importance of early diagnosis. We investigated the predictive value of dietary glutamic acid and aspartic acid for diagnosis of DR using the Korea National Diabetes Program cohort study. The 2067 patients with type 2 diabetes without DR were included. The baseline intakes of energy, glutamic acid and aspartic acid were assessed using a 3-day food records. The risk of DR incidence based on intake of glutamic acid and aspartic acid was analyzed. The DR group was older, and had higher HbA1c, longer DM duration, lower education level and income than non-DR group (all p < 0.05). The intake of total energy, glutamic acid and aspartic acid were lower in DR group than non-DR group (p = 0.010, p = 0.025 and p = 0.042, respectively). There was no difference in the risk of developing DR according to the intake of glutamic acid and ascorbic acid. But, aspartic acid intake had a negative correlation with PDR. Hence, the intake of glutamic acid and aspartic acid did not affect in DR incidence. However, lower aspartic acid intake affected the PDR incidence.

scholarly journals The liberation of aspartic acid during the acid hydrolysis of proteins

1954 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Blackburn ◽  
G. R. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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