Molecular targeted therapy: novel therapeutic approach for head and neck cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 637-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swatantra Shrivastava ◽  
Ravleen Nagi ◽  
Saurabh Sharma ◽  
Sajid Ahmed Rasul Sanadi ◽  
Elbadri Taha Dafallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Tumor Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Tumor Specificity ◽  
Insight Into

Cancer is a major public health burden worldwide, affecting millions of people each year. One of the major hallmarks of cancer is rapid growth and progression by evasion of host immune responses. Tumor resistance to conventional anticancer drugs by several mechanisms, such as drug inactivation, efflux pumps and enhanced toxicity to normal cells decreases their clinical efficacy. These limitations resulted in the development of new targeted agents, such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors that have high tumor specificity. This paper discusses the therapeutic applications of novel molecular targeted agents and immunotherapy as an alternative treatment option for head and neck cancers, as well as provides insight into future therapeutic approaches for advanced head and neck cancers.

scholarly journals The Research Progression and Clinical Significance of Circular RNAs in Head and Neck Cancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Danhui Wang ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Yongjun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Insight Into

With rapid development of science technique and molecular research, a large number of circular RNAs (circRNAs) were discovered. CircRNAs that are a heterogeneous endogenous group of non-coding RNA not only are abundantly and diffusely expressed in mammals but also participate in many biological processes, such as in tumor ingenuity and progress. CircRNAs have rarely open reports in the head and neck cancers (HNC), which are an aggressive malignant tumor with unsatisfactory overall survival rates. The diagnostics and treatments continue to improve while the survival rate of HNC patients has no more obvious improvement. Recent studies that are aimed at exploring the molecular mechanisms of occurrence and progression of circRNAs in HNC provide a valuable insight into potential novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the increasing number of published researches on the research progression of circRNAs in HNC, as well as their possible clinical implications on HNC.

SP-0610: Will targeted agents improve the results of chemoradiation in high-risk HPV-negative head and neck cancers?

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. S238
Author(s):  
E. Deutsch ◽  
Y. Tao ◽  
P. Blanchard ◽  
S. Rivera ◽  
J.L. Perfettini
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
High Risk Hpv

scholarly journals Head and neck cancer treatment: An overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
A.G. Nerkar
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Concomitant Therapy ◽  
Epidermal Growth

The advance head and neck cancers are most difficult for treatment. The newer approaches for the treatment being systemic chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy. Chemotherapy offers several advantages in metastatic head and neck cancers. The main choice for the systemic chemotherapy being platinum containing compounds (drugs), Taxanes, in recent years have shown to be promising and being included in the neo-adjuvant and concomitant therapy regimes. Further, targeted agents such as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) have proven to be beneficial in concomitant and metastatic therapies.

scholarly journals 76Past dental visits and incidence of head and neck cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhawna Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative assessment of any independent association between past dental visits/check-ups and incidence of cancers of HN/upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) and oral cavity worldwide. Methods PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases were searched for all observational studies published until August 2017 that assessed an association of past dental visits/dental check-ups among the incident cases of HNC/UADT cancers. Three different meta-analyses were conducted: two based on the incident cancer reported in the studies (HNCs/cancers of UADT and oral cavity); another included all studies irrespective of the type of cancer reported with the frequency of past dental visits as subgroups. Results Sixty-two articles were reviewed in full, but only 38 were eligible for inclusion. Under the random effects model, odds of past never/irregular/ not frequent dental visits were greater in HNC cases and oral cancer cases as compared to the hospital based/ population-based controls [HNCs-unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.89 to 2.65) and (oral cancers—OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.47 to 2.52]. There was no publication bias in our study. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that individuals with never/irregular/not frequent dental visits are more likely to be incident cases of HNCs/UADT cancers. Key message Regular/frequent dental visits, at least annually, can aid in reducing the public health burden of head and neck cancers (HNCs) by facilitating earlier detection of the disease.

scholarly journals The Genomic Profiling in Chinese Head and Neck Cancer and Incidence of NTRK Fusion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Xu ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
Tongshan Wang ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
Yongqian Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Genomic Profiling ◽  
Genetic Aberrations ◽  
Hybridization Capture ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Chinese Cohort

Abstract Background Head and neck cancers are aggressive epithelial tumors and well recognized as a particularly challenging class of tumors to treat. Comprehensive molecular profiling is leading to the development of “personalized” or “precision” medicine. Here we report the genomic profiling of Chinese head and neck cancers and the incidence of NTRK aberrations. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the genetic aberrations in 127 patients of Chinese head and neck cancer. All the patients were detected by 1021-gene panel (including NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3) of hybridization capture-based next-generation sequencing with tumor tissue and matched peripheral blood control samples. Results This studied was inspired by the outcome benefit of a parotid cancer patient harboring ETV6-NTRK3 fusion, who received crizotinib treatment and achieved a 2-year progression-free survival (PFS). Then, we reviewed 127 cases of head and neck cancer in our database. The most common histology type was HNSCC (79.5%). The genomic profiling indicated that both in our Chinese cohort and TCGA database, TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in head and neck cancer. The incidence of NTRK genetic aberrations was 7.9% (10/127) including NTRK fusion (n = 4, 3.1%) and NTRK mutation (n = 6, 4.7%). The most common fusion was ETV6-NTRK3 (n = 3, 2.4%). Compared to NTRK-wt group, NTRK aberration group had more APC and PTPRD aberrations (p < 0.05). The association of genetic aberrations with tumor mutation burden (TMB) had been analyzed. NTRK fusion-group had a lower TMB compared to the NTRK-wt group (p = 0.034). TP53 and LRP1B showed significant association with higher TMB (both p < 0.01), which may be potential markers of immunotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Conclusions Our data is the first study to report the genomic profiling in Chinese head and neck cancers and the incidence of NTRK fusion. About 3% of Chinese head and neck patients may benefit from targeted therapy of NTRK inhibitors. An ETV6-NTRK3 fusion patient reached a long-term response with crizotinib treatment,indicating crizotinib might be an alternative treatment option for patients with NTRK fusions.

scholarly journals MDM2-dependent Sirt1 degradation is a prerequisite for Sirt6-mediated cell death in head and neck cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Je Park ◽  
Young-Sool Hah ◽  
Somi Ryu ◽  
So Young Cheon ◽  
Seong Jun Won ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Hnscc Cell

AbstractSirt6 is involved in multiple biological processes, including aging, metabolism, and tumor suppression. Sirt1, another member of the sirtuin family, functionally overlaps with Sirt6, but its role in tumorigenesis is controversial. In this study, we focused on cell death in association with Sirt6/Sirt1 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Sirt6 induced cell death, as widely reported, but Sirt1 contributed to cell death only when it was suppressed by Sirt6 via regulation of MDM2. Sirt6 and Sirt6-mediated suppression of Sirt1 upregulated ROS, which further led to HNSCC cell death. These results provide insight into the molecular roles of Sirt6 and Sirt1 in tumorigenesis and could therefore contribute to the development of novel strategies to treat HNSCC.

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