scholarly journals THE CHANGE IN THE SUPPLY AND DEMAND OF SEASONAL LABOR MIGRANTS IN SAKE-BREWING INDUSTRY

1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 804-813
Author(s):  
Matsuo MATSUDA
2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Basok

This article explores the impact of international labor migration on development in communities of origin. It outlines three theoretical positions corresponding to specific theoretical trends in the field of development. The first position is represented by those who postulate that remittances and acquired skills and knowledge contribute to local development (the optimistic perspective). The second position is represented by those who regard the impact of international migration in predominantly negative terms (the pessimistic perspective). And finally, there are those who believe that some, although limited, growth is possible when transmigrants remit financial and social capital (the moderately optimistic perspective). Based on research on Mexican seasonal workers in Ontario, the article will argue that while international migration can contribute to some economic growth, this growth is limited. While the standards of living of seasonal labor migrants and their households improve (and therefore there is basis for some limited optimism), few among them invest their money in productive activities. Instead, the improvements that the migrants’ households experience are linked to continuous external sources of income. The article illustrates that while Canada-bound migrants experience both structural constraints related to the decline in subsistence agriculture in Mexico and those related to household composition (absence of males from the household), specific criteria used to select participants in the Canadian seasonal farm worker program compound the problems associated with the low potential among these workers to invest remittances productively.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
V.V. Komarovsky ◽  

The article is based on the study results of the role of labor migrants from the post-Soviet countries in meeting the needs of Russian households in different services. The aim of the work is to analyze the structure of national contingents and the specifics of the services provided by labor migrants from specific CIS countries. The author used statistical and sociological methods of data analysis and a comparative analysis of data from various statistical sources on the problems of labor migration in Russia. The empirical base of the study is the second sample survey in the Rosstat modern history “Results of sample statistical observation of migrant labor. 2019", and the comparison with official statistics. Along with the introduction of previously unused data from a large-scale study conducted by Rosstat into scientific circulation, the author reveals the specifics of the sectoral distribution of immigrants from nine post-Soviet countries. The author concludes that the significant concentration of labor migrants in a certain range of industries providing services to households (i.e., actually to the population) mainly includes construction and repairs, cleaning, various types of agricultural work and transport services. Employment in other sectors is less widespread, which largely correlates with the professional and qualification structure of labor migrants. National preferences for employment in certain sectors are also observed. The author analyses the features of hiring migrants both by households and by members of households as entrepreneurs. It was revealed that the latter attract a limited number of labor migrants, since they are, first of all, individual entrepreneurs representing small and microenterprises. The study results may be of further use to federal and regional executive bodies responsible for the development and implementation of state policy in the field of regulation of external labor migration flows, open up prospects for more reliable forecasting of the balance of supply and demand for foreign labor.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
T. Priymachuk ◽  
T. Sytnikova ◽  
A. Protsenko ◽  
T. Shtanko

Aim. To substantiate the prerequisites of increasing the level of competitiveness and effi ciency of domestic hop- growing industry on the road of Eurointegration and entering the international market. Methods. The following methods were used: statistical and economic method, comparative analysis, abstract-logical method. Results. It was established that supply and demand as well as the level of prices for hop products depend on the trends in the international market of hop and on the needs of brewing industry. The key factors of impacting the formation of supply and demand and the possibility of providing for it at domestic hop-producing enterprises are found to be the organization of the production process with the least loss of resources, the availability of competitive varie- ties, a wide range of quality products of the processing. The fulfi llment of the mentioned conditions is possible via the integration of efforts in the spheres of hop products manufacturing, the sale of the latter and support ser- vices. Conclusions. The improvement of the effi ciency of Ukrainian hop-growing industry will benefi t from the development of integration processes, based on the cooperation between adjacent fi elds to form reliable industrial and sales relations and wide access to resources, the adjustment of Ukrainian standards for hop prod- ucts and the variety assortment of cultivated hop in line with the European requirements.


2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Abubakr K. Rakhmonov ◽  
Roman V. Manshin

The article discusses the trends and strategies of labor emigration from Tajikistan to OECD countries. Waves and types of emigration from Tajikistan, adaptation of emigrants from Tajikistan to OECD countries. As well as the migration policy of the OECD countries in relation to immigrants from Tajikistan. Tajik labor migrants are becoming increasingly brighter than the prospect of getting a job not only in the CIS countries, but also in Europe, Asia and North America, where working conditions are better, and wages are much higher than in Russia and Kazakhstan. The OECD countries can rightfully be considered as new directions of Tajik emigration. An important feature of the tendency and strategy of labor emigration as a result of our research would be to note the combination of educational and vocational qualifications, resettlement and seasonal labor, labor migration - mostly unskilled and skilled with retraining and internship of labor migration from Tajikistan. Adaptation of immigrants is accompanied by some difficulties. The main one is job searches, which usually take several months. For the most part, the emigrants of Tajikistan consider Eastern Europe and Greece as countries of temporary residence, their main goal being moving to Western Europe (Austria, Germany, Scandinavian countries, etc.). There are cases of intentional destruction of their passports by Tajik migrants when they move to Germany with subsequent appeal to the authorities under the guise of refugees from Afghanistan, since both Tajiks and Afghans speak Farsi (Dari) to receive refugee status and corresponding benefits in Germany. In the OECD countries, new Tajik communities are being formed, which may become, in the near future, networks of attraction for new migrants from Tajikistan.


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