scholarly journals ROLE AND PLACE OF EXTERNAL LABOR MIGRATION IN THE STRUCTURE OF FOREIGN LABOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
V.V. Komarovsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cis Countries

The article is based on the study results of the role of labor migrants from the post-Soviet countries in meeting the needs of Russian households in different services. The aim of the work is to analyze the structure of national contingents and the specifics of the services provided by labor migrants from specific CIS countries. The author used statistical and sociological methods of data analysis and a comparative analysis of data from various statistical sources on the problems of labor migration in Russia. The empirical base of the study is the second sample survey in the Rosstat modern history “Results of sample statistical observation of migrant labor. 2019", and the comparison with official statistics. Along with the introduction of previously unused data from a large-scale study conducted by Rosstat into scientific circulation, the author reveals the specifics of the sectoral distribution of immigrants from nine post-Soviet countries. The author concludes that the significant concentration of labor migrants in a certain range of industries providing services to households (i.e., actually to the population) mainly includes construction and repairs, cleaning, various types of agricultural work and transport services. Employment in other sectors is less widespread, which largely correlates with the professional and qualification structure of labor migrants. National preferences for employment in certain sectors are also observed. The author analyses the features of hiring migrants both by households and by members of households as entrepreneurs. It was revealed that the latter attract a limited number of labor migrants, since they are, first of all, individual entrepreneurs representing small and microenterprises. The study results may be of further use to federal and regional executive bodies responsible for the development and implementation of state policy in the field of regulation of external labor migration flows, open up prospects for more reliable forecasting of the balance of supply and demand for foreign labor.

scholarly journals Labor Migration from Neighboring Countries: National Contingents in the Regions of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-220
Author(s):  
V. Komarovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Free Labor ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Situation Aspect ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The paper considers the problem of labor migrants from the CIS countries distribution in the regions of Russia. The relevance of this migration situation aspect is determined by its connection with the general state of the domestic labor market, the imbalances existing here, the lack of necessary regulation of the foreign labor demand and supply. It’s extremely important to understand this situation from the point of view of the need for adaptation and integration of migrants. The analysis showed that the national contingents of visa-free labor migrants are extremely unevenly distributed across the regions of the country. During the pandemic, the total number of foreigners in Russia decreased significantly, while the structure and direction of flows remained practically unchanged. A significant obstacle to the analysis is gaps in statistics, inconsistencies between individual blocks of indicators and their sources.

scholarly journals Estimation the Labor Force Replacement Demand in Ukraine, Caused by Its Outflow Due to the Age and Labor Migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Sarioglo ◽  
М. Yu. Ogay
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Total Labor ◽  
Stock Flow

The article describes an effective approach to the anticipation of the labor force demand caused by the need to it replace (the replacement demand). The emphasis is made on estimation the outflow of workforce due to the retirement and labor migration.  The importance of medium-term forecasting (for 10 years) of the labor force demand, caused by the need to replace the workers flowing out of the labor market as a whole and separate occupational or qualification groups in particular is justified in the Ukraine’s context. The data sources and methodological approaches to the anticipation of the replacement demand are highlighted. It is shown that the main source of data for the labor force replacement demand anticipation in Ukraine, like in many other countries, is the state labor force the sample survey. A serious problem for Ukraine is accounting of labor migration effects for the replacement demand, which is assessed by conducting ad hoc surveys. The main methods used in anticipation of the replacement demand are method of trend extrapolation, methods of pseudo-cohorts, and stock-flow modeling. These methods enable for assessing and accounting of not only the processes of outflow of the labor force due to the age, but also transitory processes reflected, inter alia, in changes of qualifications and/or professions by young people at the beginning of their carrier. A medium-term anticipation of the labor force demand in Ukraine, caused by outflow of the labor force due to the age and labor migration, is performed. It is shown that the replacement demand caused by outflow of the workers due to the age, accounts for a most significant part of the overall demand for workforce, making up in medium-term perspective nearly 13% of the total employment in 2017. The level of the demand has strong variations across occupational and qualification groups: in the occupational group “the simplest occupations”, the average annual demand caused by the outflow due to the age will be nearly 3.4% of the total employment. It is shown that the replacement demand in Ukraine by occupational group may substantially increase due to labor migration. Thus, the high replacement demand for workers in the simplest occupations is enhanced by the external labor migration of such workers, which share is nearly 42% of the total labor migrants. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Population’s Migration Potential as an Important Component of Migration Policy

Economies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Olha Ryndzak
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Level ◽  
Work Abroad ◽  
The Unemployed

Development of preventive migration state policy requires investigation of not only real but also prospective migration. This article provides the author’s methodological approach to the study of a population’s migration potential. The migration desires index (MDI), as one of the most important indicators of migration potential, was calculated for the unemployed urban population in Lviv, Ukraine, on the basis of the results of a monitoring sample survey (2013–2016, 2018). The MDI shows wave-like development dynamics. Generally, the share of “solid” migrants (persons who have firm plans to work abroad in the years ahead) grew from 14% in 2014 to 25% of the unemployed population in Lviv in 2018. Despite such a high level of migration desires, the respondents also showed a clear urge to be employed in Ukraine. Overall, the study results show that the improvement of employment opportunities in the national labor market and improvement of the wage system will contribute to a reduction of the level of migration potential and will thus slow the pace at which the working-age population is leaving. For those who still have a firm intention to go abroad, the state should provide an appropriate level of social and economic protection, primarily by establishing effective cooperation with countries that are most attractive for potential labor migrants. The author’s surveillance study shows that such countries are Germany, the USA, Canada, and Poland.

scholarly journals Remittances and The Real Effective Exchange Rate: Empirical Evidence from Kyrgyzstan

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burulcha Sulaimanova ◽  
Daniyar Jasoolov
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Exchange ◽  
Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
The Impact

Since 2000 the volume of economic reasoned migration has been rapidly rising in Kyrgyzstan. The number of labor migrants currently working abroad counts around 600 thousand people or about 10% of the population of Kyrgyzstan. With growing pattern of labor migration, the amount of remittances has grown as well. According to the World Bank, Kyrgyzstan is on the first place in the world in terms of share of remittances in the GDP (34%) in 2016. The main remittance sending countries for 2005-2016 periods are the Russian federation and Kazakhstan. The large scale of migration outflow and remittances, making domestic economy of Kyrgyzstan dependent on external shocks, related with migration. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact the high level of remittances inflow from labor migration on the exchange rates, particularly on the reel effective exchange rate of Kyrgyzstan for the period of 2005-2016. The empirical analysis was carried out with Cointegration model, and according to the results obtained, the remittances and real effective exchange rates have long run relationship.

Disposability and gendered control in labor migration: Limiting women’s mobility through cultural and institutional norms

Organization ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-354
Author(s):  
Barbara H. Grossman-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global South ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Nepali Women

In this article, I draw upon interviews with 30 Nepali returned women migrant workers to elucidate how the gendered institutional logics of both the Nepali state and for-profit manpower companies synergistically function to constrain women’s mobility. In particular, I focus on women migrant workers who migrate illegally to Gulf countries to work as domestic laborers, as this constitutes one of the largest channels of women’s labor migration from Nepal. To illuminate the particulars of Nepali women migrant workers’ experiences, I employ two theoretical frameworks, both developed by feminist political economists within the context of feminized workplaces broadly and global factory floors specifically. The first framework presents a logic of female disposability as shaping the feminized workforce of the global South. The second framework presents a logic of gendered control as doing the same. In this article, I show how these dual logics can be applied to women’s foreign labor migration in Nepal, and argue that these logics operate simultaneously through the various institutions that Nepali women navigate during migration. The Nepali case shows how both logics serve ultimately to limit women’s mobility and bolster the authority of institutions and organizations historically controlled by men—for example, the family, the state, transnational corporations—over women migrants. By bringing these two logics to bear on a case of women domestic workers’ migration from the global South, this article offers new insights into the functioning of institutions central to this large-scale, transnational movement of people.

scholarly journals Опыт трудовой миграции сельских жителей Калмыкии (по результатам глубинных интервью)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 688-695
Author(s):  
Nogan V. Badmaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Family And Marriage ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. Labor migration of Kalmykia’s rural population is a pressing challenge for the region. Permanent nature and endurance of the socioeconomic crisis in the agricultural sector of the republic have been adversely affecting the living standards of ordinary villagers. Lack of work opportunities and low salaries result in that the latter migrate en masse to the regional capital and even further. Goals. The study aims to analyze labor migration experiences of local rural dwellers. Materials and Methods. The paper summarizes a number of in-depth structured interviews. The qualitative research methods employed make it possible to view the issue in the eyes of unrelated actual participants of the migration processes, with certain attention paid to their backgrounds and life paths. Results. The work reveals one of the key economic factors underlying labor migration is the necessity to pay mortgage and consumer loans. And migration waves closely align with individual life cycles, such as marriage, divorce, births and even weddings of children. Some respondents reported their migrations were determined by certain adulthood stages of children. All these aspects give rise a new context of family and marriage relations: there emerge guest marriage patterns and changes in gender roles, e.g., in some families those are women who act as migrant workers. Roles of grandparents experience transformations forcing the latter to assume functions of the absent father of mother. Horizontal social networks come to the fore, including territorial and kindred ties. Such migrant labor experiences become a tool of economic strategies and mobility: people purchase dwellings in the city, and support children funding their plans with the earned money. So, migration of parents definitely serves a landmark for future migrations of their descendants. The results obtained attest to that the social profile of rural labor migrants contains quite a share of active individuals intensely motivated to work, ones who strive for better living standards and can adjust themselves to strenuous living / working conditions staying away from home and family.

scholarly journals PARTICIPATION OF MIGRATION OF THE POPULATION IN THE SOCIO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niyaz M. Biktimirov ◽  
Vladimir A. Rubtzov ◽  
Marat R. Mustafin ◽  
Mikhail V. Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the main trends of migration development in Russia. The study reveals the importance of migration processes for demographic development of Russia. The emphasis is placed on the migration exchange of the Republic of Tatarstan with foreign countries. The main trends, associated with a decrease in the number of immigrants from almost all CIS countries, except Ukraine, are defined. Particular attention in the article is paid to the migration processes, and the importance of labor migration for the Republic of Tatarstan. Gender studies in modern migratory movements are presented. The main reasons why Tatarstan is an attractive territory for migrants not only from Russian regions, but also from other countries, are established. The features of the impact of foreign migrants, working in Tatarstan, on national security are disclosed.The issues, related to the influence of foreign labor migrants on the ethnic composition of the Republic of Tatarstan were defined. The State Program of the Republic of Tatarstan, promoting the sustainable social, economic and demographic development of the republic, due to the voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad, was analyzed.The data of the Federal Service - Territorial Body of Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Tatarstan, are widely used in work.

scholarly journals External labor migration in the context of marketing research (evidence from Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Yelena B. Yakovleva ◽  
Nataliya P. Kuznetsova ◽  
Oleg A. Drozdov
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

The answer to the question about the labor migrants attraction economic effect on the national economy of the recipient countries remains uncertain. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the necessity and significance of mass labor migration for the economic development of recipient countries in general and Russia in particular. During the study, the authors implemented the following tasks:1) to identify and assess the contradictions that occur at the micro and macro levels in the host country using migrant labor;2) to calculate the most essential economic indicators of the efficient use of foreign labor in Russia (based on 2016 data);3) to assess the contribution of migrant labor to the GDP; and4) to clarify the impact of all levels of taxes and fees for patents by legal migrants and evasion of such payments by illegal migrants on revenues and expenditures of budgets, accompanied with state budget expenditures to investigate illegal activities (sometimes criminal in nature) with the subsequent deportation of such migrants from the country.Marketing research has shown that contradictions arising at the micro and macro levels are revealed, which explains the effect of the “migration trap”; the low efficiency of using foreign labor in the Russian economy has been proved, as evidenced by the insignificant share of GDP produced by migrants and significant leaks of a part of GDP from the country’s economy through the transfer of funds to donor countries; an imbalance between the needs of the national economy for additional labor by industries and the actual use of foreign labor entering the Russian market is shown; weak influence of the state on the national labor market and the lack of systemic regulation of the quality of training and the scope of migrant labor are revealed.

scholarly journals MIGRANT WORKERS AS A RESOURCE FOR THE DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA AND THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
S. V. Ryazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
State Level ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Migration Corridor

The article discusses the features of the demographic development of Russia and Kazakhstan in modern conditions and the medium term. The scientific problem of the study is to identify the features of the current stage and prospects of demographic development and the contribution of migration to the formation of the population and labor resources of Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan. It was revealed that Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan became the two largest countries for the reception of migrants in the Eurasian space. The prerequisites for large-scale and active labor migration to these states are demographic trends, growing labor requirements and the relatively successful economic development of the two countries. The key labor donors for both countries are currently Central Asian states. So, between the countries of the region on the one hand, Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan, on the other hand, the Eurasian migration corridor has formed, which is currently one of the largest on a global scale. In both countries, it is necessary to strengthen the direction of migration policy associated with attracting labor migrants as a resource for demographic development. Despite the temporary stay in the host countries, many labor migrants pass into the category of permanent residents of Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan. Russia, as the main host country, has not yet fully benefited from the demographic advantages of the Euro-Asian migration corridor. The country's migration policy remains quite tough and inadequate in the demographic situation. Although the approach seems to be declared at the state level that migration should be one of the development resources, many obstacles to the integration of migrants, including migrants from Central Asian countries, the main donor region, remain in the system of migration policy itself, in its mechanisms and implementation tools. The Republic of Kazakhstan, although it has not yet encountered the demographic problem in a form like Russia, can already consider labor migration as a resource for future development in pragmatic interests. It is noted that both Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan, as countries receiving labor migrants, should emphasize in their migration policy the integration of part of labor migrants into the host society.

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