scholarly journals Rainfall Variability and Land-Use Change in Arid Basins with Traditional Agricultural Practices; Insight from Ground Water Monitoring in Northwestern Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azad Sadeghi ◽  
Jabbar Khaledi ◽  
Petter Nyman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Water Monitoring ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
Traditional Agricultural Practices

scholarly journals Dampak Dinamika Muka Air Tanah pada Besaran Dan Laju Emisi Carbon Di Lahan Rawa Gambut Tropika

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
L. Budi Triadi ◽  
Fengky F. Adji ◽  
Yudi Lasmana
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
System Planning ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Co2 Equivalent

Drainage of peatlands will lower the water table, decompose the organics matter and increases the fire risk. Therefore knowledge of C emission rate is very important for drainage system planning, in order to preservepeat. Scientific methods that used in this study: calculation of thickness/ depth of the peat, peat volume, oxidized peat volume, C dry peat weight and CO2 equivalent. The rate of emission C is calculated on the basisof emission C and subsidence time. Furthermore, the emission rate C (Mton CO2/ yr) is calculated based on 4 (four) model/ scenario concepts, i.e: actual/ existing condition, plantation, canal blocking and canal blocking with reforestation. This activity was conducted in Sei Ahas, Kapuas, Central Kalimantan and Sungai Buluh, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi. Based on research, it was found that land use change will greatly affect the change of ground water level of peat that contributes to increases the emission of C to the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Identifying Land Use Change Trajectories in Brazil’s Agricultural Frontier

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Adeline M. Maciel ◽  
Michelle C. A. Picoli ◽  
Lubia Vinhas ◽  
Gilberto Camara
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Change Trajectories ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Trajectories Of Change ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Temporal Trajectory

Many of the world’s agricultural frontiers are located in the tropics. Crop and cattle expansion in these regions has a strong environmental impact. This paper examines land use and land cover transformations in Brazil, where large swaths of natural vegetation are being removed to make way for agricultural production. In Brazil, the land use dynamics are of great interest regarding the country’s sustainable development and climate mitigation actions, leading to the formulation and implantation of public policies and supply chain interventions to reduce deforestation. This paper uses temporal trajectory analysis to discuss the patterns of agricultural practices change in the different biomes of Mato Grosso State, one of Brazil’s agricultural frontiers. Taking yearly land use and cover classified images from 2001 to 2017, we identified, quantified, and spatialized areas of stability, intensification, reduction, interchange, and expansion of single and double cropping. The LUC Calculus was used as a tool to extract information about trajectories and trajectories of change. Over two decades, the land use change trajectories uncover the interplay between forest removal, cattle raising, grain production, and secondary vegetation regrowth. We observed a direct relationship between the conversion of forest areas to pasture and of pasture to agriculture areas in the Amazon portion of the Mato Grosso State in different periods. Our results enable a better understanding of trends in agricultural practices.

Use of Ground Water Monitoring Data for Pesticide Regulation

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Barrett ◽  
W. Martin Williams ◽  
David Wells
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Water Monitoring ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pesticide Regulation

Growing public concern for pesticide residues in drinking water has resulted in tighter federal and state regulations to prevent ground-water contamination. There are many uncertainties in estimating human exposure risk, yet standards are being set to protect human health. In the last several years, drinking water health standards have been developed for a number of pesticides, often at levels of a few μg L−1 or less. Ground-water monitoring studies, first required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1984, have now become an integral requirement to support registration of pesticides shown to have leaching potential. Regulators are now faced with deciding the extent to which pesticides can still be used while continuing to meet legal requirements to protect the public and preserve ground-water resources. The implications are that pesticide use may be severely limited in regions with ground-water resources considered especially vulnerable to contamination, dramatically affecting the type of agricultural practices and crops grown in these regions.

scholarly journals Anthropic Processes and Land-Use Change During 33 Years in Roraima, Northern Amazonia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelle A. Urquiza ◽  
Valdinar F. Melo ◽  
Márcio R. Francelino ◽  
Carlos E. G. R. Schaefer ◽  
Eliana De Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Agricultural Colonization ◽  
Forest Resilience ◽  
Family Based

The Amazon region has experienced a rapid rate of deforestation and land use change as a result of establishment of agricultural settlements, resulting from public policies designed to promote rural development. We analyzed land use patterns and changes in the central region of Roraima, northern Brazil, testing the hypothesis that the anthropic pressure based on the conversion of natural vegetation (forest ecotone zone and open areas of savanna and campinaranas) on agriculture and pasture, has led to the decline of forest resilience, and has not promoted development in lands converted in agricultural colonization projects, a process exacerbated by practices of burning. Satellite images from between 1984 to 2017, with field-collected data and geoprocessing techniques, allowed interpretation and analysis of seven land-use classes. Agriculturally-based human impacts were greatest in forest areas, with forest loss rates being 6.4 times greater than regeneration rates. The 39.3% reduction in natural non-forest vegetation types exceeded that of forest loss (23.8%). Repeated fires resulted in a 627.1% increase in forest fragmentation in areas heavily impacted by fire. Our study revealed that, over 33 years, deforestation and transitions of land to non-conservation uses did not lead to a system with highly productive agricultural practices, but to extensive impoverished, and degraded subsistence. The main reason was the basic unsuitability of the region´s extremely acidic/dystrophic soils on which settlements have been founded, and the predominance of low-tech, family-based, agriculture and the absence of the required technology for attaining better results.

scholarly journals Dynamics of carbon loss from an arenosol by a forest/vineyard land use change on a centennial scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solène Quéro ◽  
Christine Hatté ◽  
Sophie Cornu ◽  
Adrien Duvivier ◽  
Nithavong Cam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Vertical Gradient ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Abstract. Few studies have focused on arenosols with regard to soil carbon dynamics despite the fact that they represent 8 % of the world's soils and are present in key areas where food security is a major issue (e.g. in Sahelian regions). As for other soil types, land use changes (from forest or grassland to cropland) lead to a loss of substantial soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and have a lasting impact on the SOC turnover. Here we quantified long-term variations in carbon stocks and their dynamics in a 80 cm deep Mediterranean Arenosol that had undergone a land use change from forest to vineyard over more than 100 years ago. Paired-sites of adjacent plots combined with carbon and nitrogen quantification and natural radiocarbon (14C) abundance analyses revealed a stock of 50 GtC ha−1 in the 0–30 cm forest soil horizon, which was reduced to 3 GtC ha−1 after long-term grape cultivation. TOC in vineyard was dramatically low, with around 1 gC kg−1 and no vertical gradient as a function of depth. 14C showed that deep ploughing (50 cm) in vineyard plot redistributed the remaining carbon both vertically and horizontally. This remaining carbon was old carbon (compared to that of the forest), which had a C : N ratio characteristic of microbial OM and was probably stabilized within organomineral associations. Despite the drastic degradation of the OM pool in this Arenosol, this soil would have a high carbon storage potential if agricultural practices, such as grassing or organic amendment applications, were to be implemented within the framework of the 4 per 1000 Initiative.

Flow and sediment yield simulations for Bukit Merah Reservoir catchment, Malaysia: a case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2170-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorkeflee Abu Hasan ◽  
Nuramidah Hamidon ◽  
Mohd Suffian Yusof ◽  
Aminuddin Ab Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Reservoir Watershed

Bukit Merah Reservoir is the main potable and irrigation water source for Kerian District, Perak State, Malaysia. For the past two decades, the reservoir has experienced water stress. Land-use activities have been identified as the contributor of the sedimentation. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate and quantify the impacts of land-use change in the reservoir watershed. The SWAT was calibrated and two scenarios were constructed representing projected land use in the year 2015 and hypothetical land use to represent extensive land-use change in the catchment area. The simulation results based on 17 years of rainfall records indicate that average water quantity will not be significantly affected but the ground water storage will decrease and suspended sediment will increase. Ground water decrease and sediment yield increase will exacerbate the Bukit Merah Reservoir operation problem.

scholarly journals Ground Water Table under Different Land Uses

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Nur Wakhid ◽  
Siti Nur Zakiah
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Tropical Peatlands

<p>Fires in Indonesia tropical peatlands are always associated with peatland conversion. Land use change usually occurs from secondary or primary forest to agricultural land or plantation. However, land use change in Indonesia is inevitable because high demand of land for food supply. Peatlands which are usually associated with wetlands, become dry due to drainage during land clearing and plant growth process. Therefore, the relationship between ground water level (GWL) and fires on tropical peatlands is close. The research objective is to analyze the level of fire vulnerability on peatlands based on the GWL fluctuation under different land uses. GWL measurement was conducted manually every week from February to December 2014 in the field and ditch on three different land uses. Automatic water level measurement tool also conducted from March to December 2014, but only on the field. GWL fluctuation both on ditch and field followed the variation of precipitation. GWL fluctuation under different land uses also significantly different, and automatically results different fire vulnerability.</p>

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