scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Characterization of Microplastic Pollution in The Three Main Freshwater Systems (Aksu and Köprü Streams, Manavgat River) And Fishing Grounds Located in Their Vicinities in The Antalya Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Special Issue) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olgaç Guven
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Microplastic pollution is one of the pressing environmental issues over the world that pose risks to aquatic ecosystems and humans. Significant amount of anthropogenic plastic litter known to be transported with freshwater systems to marine environment. The aim of the present study is to reveal the abundance and spatio-temporal distribution of MPs pollution in the three main freshwater systems (Aksu and Köprü Streams, Manavgat River), located through the costal line of the Antalya Bay. 106 water samples obtained from these three freshwater systems and fishing grounds located in the vicinities of these systems were evaluated. A total of 2444 MPs with a mean size of 1777.16±1168.81 µm detected within these samples. A homogeneous MPs pollution was observed in the area. Four colours (Black-27.3%, White-19.4%, Red18.7% and Blue-16.2%) found to composed more than 80% of the detected MPs. Majority of MPs detected within the framework of the study were fiber (57.1%) and fragment (32.6%). Most common polymer type was Polyproplene-(PP) with 50%. Results obtained from this study have the potential to form the basis for future studies that take into account the terrestrial use and the prevailing physical factors in the region in the study area.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON VISUAL ANALYSIS METHODS OF TERRORISM EVENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Wenyue Guo ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Anzhu Yu ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Event Data ◽  
Thematic Map ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Global Terrorism Database ◽  
The Development Trend ◽  
Security Incidents

Under the situation that terrorism events occur more and more frequency throughout the world, improving the response capability of social security incidents has become an important aspect to test governments govern ability. Visual analysis has become an important method of event analysing for its advantage of intuitive and effective. To analyse events’ spatio-temporal distribution characteristics, correlations among event items and the development trend, terrorism event’s spatio-temporal characteristics are discussed. Suitable event data table structure based on “5W” theory is designed. Then, six types of visual analysis are purposed, and how to use thematic map and statistical charts to realize visual analysis on terrorism events is studied. Finally, experiments have been carried out by using the data provided by Global Terrorism Database, and the results of experiments proves the availability of the methods.

scholarly journals Global DNA methylation and cellular 5-methylcytosine and H4 acetylated patterns in primary and secondary dormant seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. (shepherd’s purse)

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Gomez-Cabellos ◽  
Peter E. Toorop ◽  
María Jesús Cañal ◽  
Pietro P. M. Iannetta ◽  
Eduardo Fernández-Pascual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Global Dna Methylation ◽  
Histone H4 ◽  
Global Methylation ◽  
Secondary Dormancy ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Epigenetic Patterns

AbstractDespite the importance of dormancy and dormancy cycling for plants’ fitness and life cycle phenology, a comprehensive characterization of the global and cellular epigenetic patterns across space and time in different seed dormancy states is lacking. Using Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. (shepherd’s purse) seeds with primary and secondary dormancy, we investigated the dynamics of global genomic DNA methylation and explored the spatio-temporal distribution of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and histone H4 acetylated (H4Ac) epigenetic marks. Seeds were imbibed at 30 °C in a light regime to maintain primary dormancy, or in darkness to induce secondary dormancy. An ELISA-based method was used to quantify DNA methylation, in relation to total genomic cytosines. Immunolocalization of 5-mC and H4Ac within whole seeds (i.e., including testa) was assessed with reference to embryo anatomy. Global DNA methylation levels were highest in prolonged (14 days) imbibed primary dormant seeds, with more 5-mC marked nuclei present only in specific parts of the seed (e.g., SAM and cotyledons). In secondary dormant seeds, global methylation levels and 5-mC signal where higher at 3 and 7 days than 1 or 14 days. With respect to acetylation, seeds had fewer H4Ac marked nuclei (e.g., SAM) in deeper dormant states, for both types of dormancy. However, the RAM still showed signal after 14 days of imbibition under dormancy-inducing conditions, suggesting a central role for the radicle/RAM in the response to perceived ambient changes and the adjustment of the seed dormancy state. Thus, we show that seed dormancy involves extensive cellular remodeling of DNA methylation and H4 acetylation.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON VISUAL ANALYSIS METHODS OF TERRORISM EVENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Wenyue Guo ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Anzhu Yu ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Event Data ◽  
Thematic Map ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Global Terrorism Database ◽  
The Development Trend ◽  
Security Incidents

Under the situation that terrorism events occur more and more frequency throughout the world, improving the response capability of social security incidents has become an important aspect to test governments govern ability. Visual analysis has become an important method of event analysing for its advantage of intuitive and effective. To analyse events’ spatio-temporal distribution characteristics, correlations among event items and the development trend, terrorism event’s spatio-temporal characteristics are discussed. Suitable event data table structure based on “5W” theory is designed. Then, six types of visual analysis are purposed, and how to use thematic map and statistical charts to realize visual analysis on terrorism events is studied. Finally, experiments have been carried out by using the data provided by Global Terrorism Database, and the results of experiments proves the availability of the methods.

Spatio-temporal distribution and chemical characterization of groundwater quality of a wastewater irrigated system: A case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 636 ◽  
pp. 1089-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Jampani ◽  
Stephan Huelsmann ◽  
Rudolf Liedl ◽  
Sahebrao Sonkamble ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
System A ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Characterization of Vibrio cholerae isolates from freshwater sources in northwest Ohio

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Daboul ◽  
Logan Weghorst ◽  
Cara DeAngelis ◽  
Sarah Plecha ◽  
Jessica Saul-McBeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World

AbstractVibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of aquatic ecosystems worldwide, typically residing in coastal or brackish water. While more than 200 serogroups have been identified, only serogroups O1 and O139 have been associated with epidemic cholera. However, infections other than cholera can be caused by nonepidemic, non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains, including gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections. While V. cholerae can also survive in freshwater, that is typically only observed in regions of the world where cholera is endemic. We recently isolated V. cholerae from several locations in lakes and rivers in northwest Ohio. These isolates were all found to be non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains, that would not cause cholera. However, these isolates contained a variety of virulence genes, including ctxA, rtxA, rtxC, hlyA, and ompU. Therefore, it is possible that some of these isolates have the potential to cause gastroenteritis or other infections in humans. We also investigated the relative motility of the isolates and their ability to form biofilms as this is important for V. cholerae survival in the environment. We identified one isolate that forms very robust biofilms, up to 4x that of our laboratory control strains. Finally, we investigated the susceptibility of these isolates to a panel of antibiotics. We found that many of the isolates showed decreased susceptibility to some of the antibiotics tested, which could be of concern. While we do not know if these isolates are pathogenic to humans, increased surveillance to better understand the public health risk to the local community should be considered.ImportanceThis study found that Vibrio cholerae belonging to non-O1/non-O139 serogroups is present in freshwater lakes and rivers in northwest Ohio. Although non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains generally do not produce cholera toxin, and thus do not cause epidemic cholera, they often contain other virulence factors that may contribute to pathogenicity. In fact, we found that these local isolates contained an assortment of potential virulence genes. We also found that some of the isolates showed antibiotic resistance. While we do not currently know if the local V. cholerae strains are capable of causing disease in humans, increased monitoring for V. cholerae in the region is warranted in the interest of public health.

scholarly journals Modelling and predicting the spatio-temporal spread of COVID-19 in Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Giuliani ◽  
Maria Michela Dickson ◽  
Giuseppe Espa ◽  
Flavio Santi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has been firstly detected in China at the end of 2019 and it spread in few months all over the world. Italy is the second country in the World for number of cases, and the diffusion of COVID-19 has followed a peculiar spatial pattern. However, the interest of scientific community has been devoted almost exclusively to the prediction of the disease evolution over time so far. Methods: Official freely available data about the number of infected at the finest possible level of spatial areal aggregation (Italian provinces) are used to model the spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 infections at local level. An endemic-epidemic time-series mixed-effects generalized linear model for areal disease counts has been implemented to understand and predict spatio-temporal diffusion of the phenomenon. Results: Three subcomponents characterize the fitted model. The first describes the transmission of the illness within provinces; the second accounts for the transmission between nearby provinces; the third is related to the evolution of the disease over time. At the local level, the provinces first concerned by containment measures are those that are not affected by the effects of spatial neighbours. On the other hand, the component accounting for the spatial interaction with surrounding areas is prevalent for provinces that are strongly involved by contagions. Moreover, the proposed model provides good forecasts of the number of infections at local level while controlling for delayed reporting. Conclusions: A strong evidence is found that strict control measures implemented in some provinces efficiently break contagions and limit the spread to nearby areas. While containment policies may potentially be more effective if planned considering the peculiarities of local territories, the effective and homogeneous enforcement of control measures at national level is needed to prevent the disease control being delayed or missed as a whole. This may also apply at international level where, as it is for the EU or the USA, the internal border checks among states have largely been abolished.

scholarly journals Dengue emergence in the temperate Argentinian province of Santa Fe, 2009–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María S. López ◽  
Daniela I. Jordan ◽  
Evelyn Blatter ◽  
Elisabet Walker ◽  
Andrea A. Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Temporal Fluctuations ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The World ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) transmission occurs primarily in tropical and subtropical climates, but within the last decade it has extended to temperate regions. Santa Fe, a temperate province in Argentina, has experienced an increase in dengue cases and virus circulation since 2009, with the recent 2020 outbreak being the largest in the province to date. The aim of this work is to describe spatio-temporal fluctuations of dengue cases from 2009 to 2020 in Santa Fe Province. The data presented in this work provide a detailed description of DENV transmission for Santa Fe Province by department. These data are useful to assist in investigating drivers of dengue emergence in Santa Fe Province and for developing a better understanding of the drivers and the impacts of ongoing dengue emergence in temperate regions across the world. This work provides data useful for future studies including those investigating socio-ecological, climatic, and environmental factors associated with DENV transmission, as well as those investigating other variables related to the biology and the ecology of vector-borne diseases.

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