scholarly journals Impact of Aerosol Direct Effect on Wintertime PM2.5 Simulated by an Online Coupled Meteorology-Air Quality Model over East Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Sekiguchi ◽  
Hikari Shimadera ◽  
Akira Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Aerosol Direct Effect

scholarly journals Air quality modeling with WRF-Chem v3.5 in East Asia: sensitivity to emissions and evaluation of simulated air quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1201-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhong ◽  
Eri Saikawa ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Vaishali Naik ◽  
Larry W. Horowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Air Quality Modeling ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Quality Modeling

Abstract. We conducted simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) version 3.5 to study air quality in East Asia at a spatial resolution of 20 km  ×  20 km. We find large discrepancies between two existing emissions inventories: the Regional Emission Inventory in ASia version 2 (REAS) and the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research version 4.2 (EDGAR) at the provincial level in China, with maximum differences of up to 500 % for CO emissions, 190 % for NO, and 160 % for primary PM10. Such discrepancies in the magnitude and the spatial distribution of emissions for various species lead to a 40–70 % difference in surface PM10 concentrations, 16–20 % in surface O3 mixing ratios, and over 100 % in SO2 and NO2 mixing ratios in the polluted areas of China. WRF-Chem is sensitive to emissions, with the REAS-based simulation reproducing observed concentrations and mixing ratios better than the EDGAR-based simulation for July 2007. We conduct additional model simulations using REAS emissions for January, April, July, and October of 2007 and evaluate simulations with available ground-level observations. The model results illustrate clear regional variations in the seasonal cycle of surface PM10 and O3 over East Asia. The model meets the air quality model performance criteria for both PM10 (mean fractional bias, MFB ⩽ ±60 %) and O3 (MFB ⩽ ±15 %) at most of the observation sites, although the model underestimates PM10 over northeastern China in January. The model predicts the observed SO2 well at sites in Japan, while it tends to overestimate SO2 in China in July and October. The model underestimates observed NO2 in all 4 months. Our study highlights the importance of constraining emissions at the provincial level for regional air quality modeling over East Asia. Our results suggest that future work should focus on the improvement of provincial-level emissions especially estimating primary PM, SO2, and NOx.

Impact of Long Transport on Taiwan’s Ozone Air Quality from East Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 692 ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien Hung Chen ◽  
Ken Hui Chang ◽  
Tu Fu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Transboundary Transport ◽  
Pollution Area

To clarify the influence of air pollutants emitted from East Asia on the ozone air quality in Taiwan, this study performs a long-term simulation result for 4 months using Taiwan Air Quality Model. Influence from the current (2007) and future (2020) East Asian emissions on the ozone concentration in Taiwan were simulated. The date ranges simulated were February, May, August, and October of 2007, representing the seasons of winter, spring, summer, and autumn. Influence from transboundary transport on Taiwan was assessed based on simulations of these 4 months. The influence of transboundary transport on the monthly average of daily peak ozone concentrations in Taiwan is 15.5 ppb. Worst case scenarios in 2020 will contribute an additional 3.7 ppb. If the size of ozone pollution area (≧120 ppb) is considered, transboundary transport contributed to 72 % of the polluted area in 2007; the ozone pollution area in the worst case scenario in 2020 will further increase by 47 % from 2007 levels.

scholarly journals Impact of biomass burnings in South East Asia on air quality and pollutants transport during the end of the 2019 dry season

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiep Nguyen Duc ◽  
Ho Quoc Bang ◽  
Nguyen Hong Quan ◽  
Ngo Xuan Quang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract At the end of the dry season, March and April in South East Asia (SEA), agricultural refuse burnings occur over the region, mainly in the countries of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam, in preparation for the wet rice plantation. In this study, the impact of biomass burnings at the height of the burning period in March 2019 in mainland SEA on air quality and pollutant transport is modelled using the Weather Research Forecast WRF-Chem air quality model with emission input from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Fire Emission Inventory from NCAR (FINN). FINN is derived from satellite remote sensing data and species emission factors. A simulation of the dispersion of pollutants from biomass burnings from 13 to 19 March 2019, when the burnings was most intense, was performed. Validation of the model prediction using observed meteorological and pollutants data such as AOD measurements on ground from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) and data from MODIS and CALIPSO satellites are carried out at various sites in the region. The results show that impact on air quality was most pronounced in Thailand and Laos but the effect of biomass burnings in mainland SEA at the end of the dry season is widespread in terms of pollutant dispersion and population exposure over the whole region and beyond. It is also shown that the transport of pollutants from biomass burnings in SEA to southern China, Taiwan and beyond is facilitated by the Truong Son mountain range, when under westerly wind, acting as a launching pad to uplift the pollutant plumes to higher altitude which then can be dispersed widely and transported farther from the biomass burning sources in Thailand and Laos.

Use of a Dynamic Air Quality Model to Reduce the Uncertainties of Seasonal and Annual Atmospheric Depositions for Mercury TMDLs

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (3) ◽  
pp. 1393-1414
Author(s):  
Kuo-Liang Lai ◽  
Janet Kremer ◽  
Susan Sciarratta ◽  
R. Dwight Atkinson ◽  
Tom Myers
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Atmospheric Depositions

scholarly journals Assessment of Emission Reduction and Meteorological Change in PM2.5 and Transport Flux in Typical Cities Cluster during 2013–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5685
Author(s):  
Panbo Guan ◽  
Hanyu Zhang ◽  
Zhida Zhang ◽  
Haoyuan Chen ◽  
Weichao Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Joint Control ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model

Under the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPCAP) implemented, China has witnessed an air quality change during the past five years, yet the main influence factors remain relatively unexplored. Taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) regions as typical cluster cities, the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) and Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extension (CAMx) were introduced to demonstrate the meteorological and emission contribution and PM2.5 flux distribution. The results showed that the PM2.5 concentration in BTH and YRD significantly declined with a descend ratio of −39.6% and −28.1%, respectively. For the meteorological contribution, those regions had a similar tendency with unfavorable conditions in 2013–2015 (contribution concentration 1.6–3.8 μg/m3 and 1.1–3.6 μg/m3) and favorable in 2016 (contribution concentration −1.5 μg/m3 and −0.2 μg/m3). Further, the absolute value of the net flux’s intensity was positively correlated with the degree of the favorable/unfavorable weather conditions. When it came to emission intensity, the total net inflow flux increased, and the outflow flux decreased significantly across the border with the emission increasing. In short: the aforementioned results confirmed the effectiveness of the regional joint emission control and provided scientific support for the proposed effective joint control measures.

scholarly journals Comparison of the RADM2 and RACM chemical mechanisms in O3 simulations: effect of the photolysis rate constant

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hung Chen ◽  
Tu-Fu Chen ◽  
Shang-Ping Huang ◽  
Ken-Hui Chang
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Bias Error ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Photolysis Rate ◽  
Photolysis Rates

AbstractSince the photolysis rate plays an important role in any photoreaction leading to compound sink and radical formation/destruction and eventually O3 formation, its impact on the simulated O3 concentration was evaluated in the present study. Both RADM2 and RACM were adopted with and without updated photolysis rate constants. The newly developed photolysis rates were determined based on two major absorption cross-section and quantum yield data sources. CMAQ in conjunction with meteorological MM5 and emission data retrieved from Taiwan and East Asia were employed to provide spatial and temporal O3 predictions over a one-week period in a three-level nested domain [from 81 km × 81 km in Domain 1 (East Asia) to 9 km × 9 km in Domain 3 (Taiwan)]. Four cases were analyzed, namely, RADM2, with the original photolysis rates applied in Case 1 as a reference case, RADM2, with the updated photolysis rates applied in Case 2, and RACM, with and without the updated photolysis rates applied in Cases 3 and 4, respectively. A comparison of the simulation and observed results indicates that both the application of updated photolysis rate constants and RACM instead of RADM2 enhanced all three error analysis indicators (unpaired peak prediction accuracy, mean normalized bias error and mean absolute normalized gross error). Specifically, RADM2 with the updated photolysis rates resulted in an increase of 12 ppb (10%) in the daily maximum O3 concentration in southwestern Taiwan, while RACM without the updated photolysis rates resulted in an increase of 20 ppb (17%) in the daily maximum O3 concentration in the same area. When RACM with the updated photolysis rate constants was applied in the air quality model, the difference in the daily maximum O3 concentration reached up to 30 ppb (25%). The implication of Case 4 (RACM with the updated photolysis rates) for the formation and degradation of α-pinene and d-limonene was examined.

A contribution to the air quality impact assessment of a roadway in Lisbon. The air quality model APOLO

1993 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel A. Miranda ◽  
Miguel S. Conceição ◽  
Carlos S. Borrego
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Quality Model
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