scholarly journals Effect of Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Plant Type on Bacterial Diversity in Semi-Arid Parts in Central Sudan. Part I: Omdurman North Region

OALib ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 02 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hayat Ibrahim Hassan ◽  
Hatil Hashim El-Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Central Sudan ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Effect of soil physico-chemical properties and plant type on bacterial diversity in semi- arid parts in central Sudan. Part ii. Sharq El-neel region, Khartoum state

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Hayat Hassan ◽  
Hatil EL-Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Index Value

<p>Total viable counts of bacteria and bacterial diversity of the different soil samples from three different localities in Sharq EL-Neel region: Soba, AL-Aelafoon and Um Dawan Ban sub-regions were carried out. Soil physical and chemical characteristics (pH, EC,SP,solublecations: Na, K, Ca, Mg and anion P, organic carbon, total nitrogen and soil texture)in each studied sub-regions were measured. Qualitative analysis of microorganisms isolated from the studied soil samples reveal a total of thirteendifferent species of bacteria, of which two are unidentified. The ten species are classified under Bacillus genus. In Sharq EL-Neel regionsoil samples, total bacterial counts ranged from 9.5 × 10<sup>4 </sup>cfu g<sup>-1</sup> to 1×10<sup>3</sup> with a mean of 4×10<sup>3 </sup>cfu g<sup>-1</sup>. The quantitative data on microbial population recorded in the present study was analysed using two diversity indices. High Shannon-Weiner diversity Index value for bacteria was obtained in AL-Aelfoon sub-region (1.79361), whereas high Simpson's index value was obtained in Um Dawan Ban sub-region (2.80).ActinomycesActinomyces spp. and Streptomyces spp. Where the most abundant microorganisms identified in the three sub-regions. Total bacterial count in Soba soil was positively correlated with pH (r= 0.0194) and sand (r= 0.3205); the total bacterial count in AL-Aelafoon soilwas positively correlated with EC (r= 0.1062), clay (r= 0.3816), silt (r= 0.1936), SP (r= 0.9302), K (r= 0.6252), Ca (r= 0.0015) and Mg (r= 0.1556), whereas the total bacterial count in Um Dawan Ban soil was positively correlated with clay (r= 0.2614), silt (r= 0.0216), SP (r= 0.565), K (r= 0.9645), P (r= 0.0197), Ca (r= 0.7377), Mg (r= 0.0267), N (r= 0.5215) and O.C (r= 0.3214). There were obvious differences in correlation coefficients among the selected criteria (46 % from the total number of correlation coefficients were positively correlated between bacterial counts and soil physico-chemical properties whereas 54% from the total number were positively correlated between plant type and bacterial counts).</p>

scholarly journals Effect of tree canopy on species composition, diversity and biomass of herbaceous vegetation and soil characteristics in semi-arid forests of the Aravalli hills

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shriya Garg ◽  
Rajendra Kr. Joshi ◽  
Satish Chandra Garkoti
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Canopy Gaps ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Herbaceous Vegetation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Background: Herbaceous vegetation is of great ecological importance and responds quickly to environmental changes. Present study was aimed to understand the variation in herbaceous species composition, diversity, biomass and soil physicochemical properties in canopy gaps and under the canopy of semi-arid forests in the Aravalli hills. Methods: Four permanent plots consisting of canopy gaps and under canopy were established. To study herbs phytosociological attributes and biomass, 10 quadrats of 0.5 x 0.5 m size were laid in each plot. For soil physico-chemical properties, 5 soil samples were collected randomly at 0-10 cm depth from each plot. Relationship between biodiversity indices, herbs biomass and soil physicochemical properties was determined using Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and correlation analyses. Results: The sites differed in terms of herbaceous species composition, diversity, biomass and soil physico-chemical properties. Canopy gaps were dominated by grasses while forbs were higher under the canopy. Across the sites, poaceae was the dominant family. All species showed contagious distribution pattern. Oplismenus burmannii reported highest IVI (138.0; 230.5) under the canopy while Achyranthes aspera (56.15) and Eragrostis ciliaris (53.1) had highest IVI in canopy gaps. Diversity indices were higher in canopy gaps. Herbaceous community biomass in canopy gaps ranged from 700-900 gm-2 while under the canopy it ranged from 30-70 gm-2. Cenchrus ciliaris (597.97 gm-2) and Chrysopogon sp. (391.2 gm-2) constituted major proportion of biomass in canopy gaps. The soil of under canopy regions had lower pH and bulk density, but higher soil moisture (%), electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (TN), SOC stock and soil TN stock than the canopy gaps. Linear positive relationship between species diversity and biomass; negative relationship between soil chemical properties and herbaceous biomass was found in study area. Even though canopy had positive effects on soil physico-chemical properties, overall negative effect on herbaceous diversity and biomass was seen. Conclusions: Reduced light for photosynthesis and tree root competition for soil resources may be the major factors negatively affecting herbaceous diversity and biomass. Canopy had a significant impact and herbs species composition, diversity, biomass and soil physico-chemical properties showed distinct differences in relation to it.

Wheat yield and physico-chemical properties of a sodic soil from semi-arid area of Iran as affected by applied gypsum

Geoderma ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 246-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rasouli ◽  
Ali Kiani Pouya ◽  
Najafali Karimian
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Arid Area ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Semi Arid

Effects of conservation and standard tillage on soil physico-chemical properties and overall quality in a semi-arid agrosystem

Soil Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roua Amami ◽  
Khaled Ibrahimi ◽  
Farooq Sher ◽  
Paul J. Milham ◽  
Dhouha Khriji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals A pyrosequencing insight into sprawling bacterial diversity and community dynamics in decaying deadwood logs of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Hoppe ◽  
Dirk Krüger ◽  
Tiemo Kahl ◽  
Tobias Arnstadt ◽  
François Buscot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Saproxylic Insects ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Abstract Deadwood is an important biodiversity hotspot in forest ecosystems. While saproxylic insects and wood-inhabiting fungi have been studied extensively, little is known about deadwood-inhabiting bacteria. The study we present is among the first to compare bacterial diversity and community structure of deadwood under field conditions. We therefore compared deadwood logs of two temperate forest tree species Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing to identify changes in bacterial diversity and community structure at different stages of decay in forest plots under different management regimes. Alphaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant taxonomic groups in both tree species. There were no differences in bacterial OTU richness between deadwood of Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies. Bacteria from the order Rhizobiales became more abundant during the intermediate and advanced stages of decay, accounting for up to 25% of the entire bacterial community in such logs. The most dominant OTU was taxonomically assigned to the genus Methylovirgula, which was recently described in an experiment of Fagus sylvatica woodblocks. Besides tree species we were able to demonstrate that deadwood physico-chemical properties, in particular remaining mass, relative wood moisture, pH and C/N ratio serve as drivers of community composition of deadwood-inhabiting bacteria.

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