scholarly journals Rubblization: A Practical, Cost Effective and Sustainable Option for Repairing Deteriorated Airfield Pavement in the Empty Quarter Desert of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-234
Author(s):  
Waseem Ahmad Khatri ◽  
Mohammed Al Mehthel ◽  
Sami Al Ghamdi ◽  
Nezar Al Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cost Effective

Evaluation of Optimal Designs for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Specific to Residential Communities in Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar H. A. Dehwah ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems ◽  
Residential Communities ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

To meet the increasing energy demand and to shave the peak, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is currently planning to invest more on renewable energy (RE) seeking diversity of energy resources. Through the integration of demand side management measures and renewable energy distributed generation (DG) systems, the study outlined in this paper aims at investigating the potential of hybrid renewable energy systems in supplying energy demands for residential communities in an oil-rich country. The residential community considered in this study, located in the eastern region of KSA, has an annual electrical usage of 1,174 GWh and an electrical peak load of 335 MW that are met solely by the grid. The results of the analyses indicated that the implementation of cost-effective energy efficiency measures (EEMs) reduced electricity usage by 38% and peak demand by 51% as well as CO2 emissions by 38%. While, the analysis of the hybrid systems showed that purchasing electricity from the grid is the best option with a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.1/kWh based on the current renewable energy market and economic conditions of KSA, RE systems can be cost-effective to meet the loads of the residential communities under specific electricity prices and capital cost levels. This study can assist KSA decision makers establish effective and targeted policies that can facilitate and promote renewable technologies.

Optimal Hybrid Power Energy Systems for Residential Communities in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar H. A. Dehwah ◽  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Residential Communities ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Cost Of Energy

To meet the increasing energy demand and to shave the peak, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is currently planning to invest more on renewable energy (RE) seeking diversity of energy resources. Through the integration of demand-side management measures and renewable energy distributed generation (DG) systems, the study outlined in this paper aims at investigating the potential of hybrid renewable energy systems in supplying energy demands for residential communities in an oil-rich country. The residential community considered in this study, located in the eastern region of KSA, has an annual electrical usage of 1174 GWh and an electrical peak load of 335 MW that are met solely by the grid. The results of the analyses indicated that the implementation of cost-effective energy efficiency measures (EEMs) reduced the electricity usage by 38% and peak demand by 51% as well as CO2 emissions by 38%. Although the analysis of the hybrid systems showed that purchasing electricity from the grid is the best option with a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.1/kWh based on the current renewable energy market and economic conditions of KSA, RE systems can be cost-effective to meet the loads of the residential communities under specific electricity prices and capital cost levels.

scholarly journals Development of a web-based glaucoma registry at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia: A cost-effective methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Khandekar ◽  
Ohood Owaydha ◽  
Jonathan Song ◽  
Babar Zaman ◽  
Ibrahim Al Jadaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Web Based

Attitude of Clinical Dental Students to Bleaching of Vital and Non-Vital Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3322-3326
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abuhassna ◽  
Oubada Sulaiman ◽  
Nawaf Alotaibi ◽  
Khalid Alanazi ◽  
Faten Alshahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Bleaching ◽  
Aesthetic Procedure ◽  
Dental Schools

Background: Bleaching is considered the most conservative and cost-effective aesthetic procedure. Vital and non-vital bleaching techniques commonly involve at-home, in-office, and over-the-counter techniques and can be internal (within the pulp chamber) or external (on the enamel surface). Aim: To assess the attitudes of clinical dental students towards the various aspects of tooth bleaching in Saudi Arabia Design and settings: This is an observational cross-sectional study that was carried out across different universities in Saudi Arabia. The study’s questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the demographics and knowledge of dental bleaching procedures, techniques, and materials. Results: A total of 674 dental students and interns from 14 different governmental and private dental colleges in Saudi Arabia completed the survey. The majority of participants were females, 461 (68.4%), attended governmental universities, 396 (58.8%), and did not use any bleaching techniques (62.8%). Dental interns had a higher level of knowledge (42%) followed by 5th-year students (33.7%), and 6th-year students (22.9%). Furthermore, participants who practiced tooth bleaching during clinical training and private universities’ students showed a significantly better bleaching knowledge Conclusion: Overall, dental schools should be encouraging their students to be involved in bleaching application. Additionally, there is a pressing need to focus more on dental bleaching material and procedures in dental school. Keywords: Tooth Bleaching, Dental Students, Bleaching Techniques.

First Successful Deployment of a Cost-Effective Chemical Plug to Stimulate Selectively Using CT in Saudi Arabia Gas Fields - A Case History

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Ghazal ◽  
Justin T. Abel ◽  
Ali Al-Saihati ◽  
Muhammad Buali ◽  
Azmi Al-Ruwaished ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Case History ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Fields

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of More Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment in Patients with High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Saudi Arabia: A Modelling Study of Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ziyad Almalki ◽  
Yasser Alatawi ◽  
Adnan Alharbi ◽  
Bader Almaklefi ◽  
Suliman Alfaiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Intensive Control ◽  
Intensive Blood Pressure

Objective. The current literature suggests that more intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment is clinically more effective than less intensive treatment in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this analysis, we evaluated the potential clinical benefit and cost-effectiveness of more intensive BP treatment in patients at high risk of developing CVD over their lifetimes. Methods. A Markov state-transition model was developed for the BP strategies to estimate the lifetime incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per quality-adjusted-life-year (QALY) using evidence published from a meta-analysis. The other model inputs were retrieved from previous studies. Estimated costs were collected from five hospitals in Riyadh. The model used a lifetime framework adopting Saudi payer perspective and applied a 3% annual discount rate. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) to evaluate the robustness and uncertainty of the estimates. Results. Treating 10,000 patients with high CVD risk with more intensive BP therapy would avert a total of 873 CV events over their remaining lifetimes as compared with a less intensive strategy. The projections showed that more intensive BP therapy would be cost-effective compared to the less intensive strategy with incremental costs per QALY of $20,358. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis suggested more intensive control would be cost-effective compared with the less intensive control of BP 87.25 % of the time. Conclusion. The result of this study showed that more intensive BP treatment appears to be a cost-effective choice for patients with a high risk of CVD in Saudi Arabia when compared with a less intensive BP strategy. Thus, this finding provides strong evidence for the adoption of this strategy within the Saudi healthcare system.

scholarly journals A needs-based methodology to project physicians and nurses to 2030: the case of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Gailey ◽  
Tim A. Bruckner ◽  
Tracy Kuo Lin ◽  
Jenny X. Liu ◽  
Mohammed Alluhidan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Worker ◽  
Workforce Planning ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment

Abstract Background The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), as part of its 2030 National Transformation Program, set a goal of transforming the healthcare sector to increase access to, and improve the quality and efficiency of, health services. To assist with the workforce planning component, we projected the needed number of physicians and nurses into 2030. We developed a new needs-based methodology since previous global benchmarks of health worker concentration may not apply to the KSA. Methods We constructed an epidemiologic “needs-based” model that takes into account the health needs of the KSA population, cost-effective treatment service delivery models, and worker productivity. This model relied heavily on up-to-date epidemiologic and workforce surveys in the KSA. We used demographic population projections to estimate the number of nurses and physicians needed to provide this core set of services into 2030. We also assessed several alternative scenarios and policy decisions related to scaling, task-shifting, and enhanced public health campaigns. Results When projected to 2030, the baseline needs-based estimate is approximately 75,000 workers (5788 physicians and 69,399 nurses). This workforce equates to 2.05 physicians and nurses per 1000 population. Alternative models based on different scenarios and policy decisions indicate that the actual needs for physicians and nurses may range from 1.64 to 3.05 per 1000 population in 2030. Conclusions Based on our projections, the KSA will not face a needs-based health worker shortage in 2030. However, alternative model projections raise important policy and planning issues regarding various strategies the KSA may pursue in improving quality and efficiency of the existing workforce. More broadly, where country-level data are available, our needs-based strategy can serve as a useful step-by-step workforce planning tool to complement more economic demand-based workforce projections.

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