Experiences and attitudes toward aesthetic procedures in East Asia: a cross-sectional survey of five geographical regions

Background The demand for aesthetic procedures continues to grow globally, particularly in East Asian countries. The popularity of specific aesthetic procedures varies, however, depending on the particular East Asian geographical region being studied. This study aimed to evaluate the experiences of and attitudes toward aesthetic procedures in five East Asian countries/regions, including China, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan.Methods To recruit participants, an online questionnaire was designed and distributed on social media networks between May 2015 and March 2016. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 22.0.Results A total of 3,088 people responded (approximately 600 in each country/region). Of these, 940 participants (47.8%) responded that they had experienced at least one aesthetic procedure in the past. Taiwan had the highest number of participants who had experienced at least one procedure (264/940, 41%), with primarily non-surgical experiences. Only in South Korea did surgical cosmetic experiences exceed non-surgical cosmetic experiences (55.9% vs. 44.1%). The popularity of particular procedures and the motivation for undergoing aesthetic procedures varied by country.Conclusions The popularity of aesthetic procedures continues to evolve. Similar trends were observed across the East Asian regions; however, each country had its unique demands and preferences. The information provided by this study can help aesthetic plastic surgeons further understand the patients in their corresponding region, customize their practice, and develop the requisite skills.

Attitude of Clinical Dental Students to Bleaching of Vital and Non-Vital Teeth

Background: Bleaching is considered the most conservative and cost-effective aesthetic procedure. Vital and non-vital bleaching techniques commonly involve at-home, in-office, and over-the-counter techniques and can be internal (within the pulp chamber) or external (on the enamel surface). Aim: To assess the attitudes of clinical dental students towards the various aspects of tooth bleaching in Saudi Arabia Design and settings: This is an observational cross-sectional study that was carried out across different universities in Saudi Arabia. The study’s questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the demographics and knowledge of dental bleaching procedures, techniques, and materials. Results: A total of 674 dental students and interns from 14 different governmental and private dental colleges in Saudi Arabia completed the survey. The majority of participants were females, 461 (68.4%), attended governmental universities, 396 (58.8%), and did not use any bleaching techniques (62.8%). Dental interns had a higher level of knowledge (42%) followed by 5th-year students (33.7%), and 6th-year students (22.9%). Furthermore, participants who practiced tooth bleaching during clinical training and private universities’ students showed a significantly better bleaching knowledge Conclusion: Overall, dental schools should be encouraging their students to be involved in bleaching application. Additionally, there is a pressing need to focus more on dental bleaching material and procedures in dental school. Keywords: Tooth Bleaching, Dental Students, Bleaching Techniques.

452 Dermal Filler Injection Leading to Facial Cellulitis: A Case Report

Background Aesthetic medicine is a rapidly expanding field that is progressively becoming a normal part of society’s health and beauty regime. Hyaluronic Acid dermal filler injections are the second most widely performed aesthetic procedure, following Botulinum Toxin type A. Although serious complications are rare, they can have a detrimental impact on aesthetic outcome and general health. Infections following dermal fillers can be difficult to treat and have the potential to require hospital admission, intravenous antibiotics and surgical intervention. Case description We present a case of a 41-year-old female who suffered from facial cellulitis as a consequence of palpebro-malar groove dermal filler injections. The patient had 0.1ml of Monalisa dermal filler injected over her right malar prominence and suffered complications 6 days later, which eventually lead to the need for hospital admission on day 12 following the procedure for intravenous antibiotics. The management of this aesthetic procedure complication is outlined to highlight the risks and serious complications of these procedures. Conclusions Facial cellulitis is a rare adverse event following facial filler injection; however, it is an important risk factor to discuss during the consent process for these procedures. In addition, it is important that a highly trained and skilled professional performs these injections using a sterile non-touch technique due to the potential for serious complications and the anatomical proximity to vital structures.

Onabotulinumtoxin Type-A Dosage for Upper Face Expression Lines in Males: A Systematic Review of Current Recommendations

Background Botulinum toxin injection is the most commonly performed minimally invasive aesthetic procedure in men. Despite various recommendations by experts on the use of onabotulinumtoxin type A in the literature, distinct guidelines for its use in males and females do not exist. Objectives The aim of this study was to delineate safe and effective doses for the use of onabotulinumtoxin type A in males for correction of upper facial expression lines. Methods PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, the Cochrane database, and Google Scholar were searched from 2002 to 2019 inclusive. Three researchers independently assessed trials for inclusion, extracted data, checked for accuracy, and assessed the evidence with AGREE II. Results Average dosing recommended for the treatment of upper face expression lines was specific to glabellar frown lines, crow’s feet, and horizontal forehead lines. Changing trends and gender variation was noted in each of the studies. Six of the 11 recommendations suggest the need to alter dosing in male patients, although do not give separate recommendations. Conclusions There is an urgent need for up-to-date recommendations for the use of onabotulinumtoxin type A in upper face expression lines of male patients.

Power Assisted Liposculpture in Male Patients: A Spectrum of Definitions

Background Liposculpture procedures have gained popularity over the last two decades with the evolution of surgeons’ skills and technological advancement. According to the 2018 ASAPS report, liposuction is the second most popular aesthetic procedure in the United States. Objectives This study aims to demonstrate that a spectrum of liposculpture definitions can be achieved using power-assisted liposuction (PAL). Also, to describe the satisfaction and complication rates in mild, moderate, and high definition groups using the PAL technology. Methods We designed a single-center retrospective study, including male patients who underwent PAL – liposculpture of the chest, abdomen, back and arms. Inclusion criteria were: Male patients above 18 years of age, body mass index (BMI) under 30 kg/m2. Measured outcomes included: Extent of definition, complication rates and levels of satisfaction. Results 50 male patients were included in this study between January 2018 and November 2019. The average age was 37.34 years (range 25-56). The average BMI was 26.4 kg/m2 (range 24-30). 54.3% of patients opted for high definition (HD), while 36.4% for moderate definition (MoD) and 9.2% for mild definition (MiD). There were no major complications. HD subgroup registered the highest incidence of minor complications (21%). Patients satisfaction levels were high in all of the three subgroups, with the highest scores in the HD subgroup (9.3/10). Conclusions A spectrum of definitions can be safely achieved using the PAL technology, with high patients satisfaction in mild, moderate, and high definition liposculpture subgroups and low complication rates.

VASCULAR COMPLICATION DUE TO THE USE OF CALCIUM HYDROXYAPATITE: CASE REPORT

Introduction: Filler injection for augmentation and facial lling is a cosmetic procedure that has been increasingly common in recent decades. Objective: This work aims to report a patient's case. Methodology: Case report of a complication after an aesthetic procedure performed using calcium hydroxyapatite. Patient was a 27-year-old female whocomplained of ischemia in her upper lip. Conclusion: Among the complications of lling procedures, the one presented in the case, tissue necrosis due to loss of blood circulation, is the most serious. The treatment used, which included hyperbaric chamber, reduced the ischemic area.