scholarly journals Using Ducted Fuel Injection to Attenuate Soot Formation in a Mixing-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Nilsen ◽  
Drummond E. Biles ◽  
Charles J. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine

Soot reduction for cleaner Compression Ignition Engines through innovative bowl templates

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808742095132
Author(s):  
José V Pastor ◽  
Antonio García ◽  
Carlos Micó ◽  
Felipe Lewiski
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Pollutant Reduction

Considering the need of pollutant emissions reduction and the high cost of the after-treatment systems, in-cylinder solutions for pollutant reduction are becoming more and more relevant. Among different proposals, new piston geometries are considered an attractive solution for reducing both soot and nitrogen oxides emissions in compression ignition engines. For this reason, this paper evaluates the soot formation and combustion characteristics of a novel piston geometry proposal, called stepped lip-wave, for light-duty engines. It is compared with other two well-known bowl geometries: re-entrant and stepped lip. The study was performed in an optical single-cylinder direct injection compression ignition engine. Two optical techniques (2 color pyrometry and OH* chemiluminescence) were applied for analyzing soot formation in each piston geometry. Test were performed at different engine loads, fuel injection characteristics and exhaust gas recirculation configuration. The re-entrant piston presents higher soot formation and a slower late oxidation process in comparison with the other two geometries. Stepped lip and stepped lip-wave present similar soot formation levels. However, stepped lip-wave showed a more efficient and faster soot oxidation process during the final combustion stages. Results confirm the potential of the stepped lip-wave concept to reduce soot emissions and achieve a cleaner energy production system.

Experimental and Numerical Analysis on the Influences of Direct Fuel Injection into Oxygen-Depleted Environment of a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Ratnak Sok ◽  
Kei Yoshimura ◽  
Kenjiro Nakama ◽  
Jin Kusaka
Keyword(s):  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Double Pulse ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Intake Stroke ◽  
Direct Fuel Injection ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

Abstract The oxygen-depleted environment in the recompression stroke can convert gasoline fuel into light hydrocarbons due to thermal cracking, partial oxidation, and water-gas shift reactions. These reformate species can influence the combustion characteristics of gasoline direct injection homogeneous charge compression ignition (GDI-HCCI) engines. In this work, the combustion phenomena are investigated using a single-cylinder research engine under a medium load. The main combustion phases are experimentally advanced by direct fuel injection into the negative valve overlap (NVO) compared with that of intake stroke under single/double pulse injections. NVO peak in-cylinder pressures are lower than that of motoring due to the limited O2 concentration, emphasizing that endothermic reactions occur during the overlap. This phenomenon limits the oxidation reactions, and the thermal effect is not pronounced. The 0-D chemical kinetics results present the same increasing tendencies of classical reformed species of rich-mixture such as C3H6, C2H4, CH4, CO, and H2 as functions of injection timings. Predicted ignition delays are shortened due to the additions of these reformed species. The influences of the reformates on the main combustion are confirmed by 3-D CFD calculations, and the results show that OH radicals are advanced under NVO injections relative to intake stroke injections. Consequently, earlier heat release and cylinder pressure are noticeable. Parametric studies on the effects of injection pressure, double-pulse injection, and equivalence ratio on the combustion and emissions are also discussed experimentally.

Some Problems Connected with High-Speed Compression-Ignition Engine Development

1932 ◽  
Vol 36 (261) ◽  
pp. 733-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Dicksee
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Development

In this paper the author does not propose to deal with any particular form or type of engine or fuel-injection system, but to discuss some of the problems which are encountered when engaged on the development of a high-speed compression-ignition engine.The main problems to be solved consist in devising suitable means for utilising to the fullest possible extent the oxygen available within the cylinder and for avoiding the production of smoke and noise and, in so far as it is connected with combustion conditions, smell.

Predicted Qualitative Effects of Alternate Liquid Fuels on Heavy-Duty Compression-Ignition Engines

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
End Effects ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
The Impact

It is always desirable for a heavy-duty compression-ignition engine, such as a diesel engine, to possess a capability of using alternate liquid fuels without significant hardware modification to the engine baseline. Because fuel properties vary between various types of liquid fuels, it is important to understand the impact and effects of the fuel properties on engine operating and output parameters. This paper intends and attempts to achieve that understanding and to predict the qualitative effects by studying analytically and qualitatively how a heavy-duty compression-ignition engine would respond to the variation of fuel properties. The fuel properties considered in this paper mainly include the fuel density, compressibility, heating value, viscosity, cetane number, and distillation temperature range. The qualitative direct and end effects of the fuel properties on engine bulk fuel injection, in-cylinder combustion, and outputs are analyzed and predicted. Understanding these effects can be useful in analyzing and designing a compression-ignition engine for using alternate liquid fuels.

scholarly journals Research on combustion process of gasoline homogenous charge compression ignition engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Corneliu Cofaru ◽  
Mihaela Virginia Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition

The paper presents the research designed to develop a HCCI (Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition) engine starting from a spark ignition engine platform. The chosen test engine was a single cylinder, four strokes provided with a carburettor. The results of experimental research data obtained on this version were used as a baseline for the next phase of the research. In order to obtain the HCCI configuration, the engine was modified, as follows: the compression ratio was increased from 9.7 to 11.5 to ensure that the air – fuel mixture auto-ignite and to improve the engine efficiency; the carburettor was replaced by a direct fuel injection system in order to control precisely the fuel mass per cycle taking into account the measured intake air-mass; the valves shape were modified to provide a safety engine operation by ensuring the provision of sufficient clearance beetween the valve and the piston; the exchange gas system was changed from fixed timing to variable valve timing to have the possibilities of modification of quantities of trapped burnt gases. The cylinder processes were simulated on virtual model. The experimental research works were focused on determining the parameters which control the combustion timing of HCCI engine to obtain the best energetic and ecologic parameters.

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