KNOCK Detection with Series Cylinder Pressure Sensors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Haertl ◽  
Josef Kainz ◽  
Harry Schuele ◽  
Johannes Beer ◽  
Matthias Gaderer
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Knock Detection

scholarly journals Cylinder pressure sensors for smart combustion control

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Vollberg ◽  
Dennis Wachter ◽  
Thomas Kuberczyk ◽  
Günter Schultes
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Full Detail ◽  
Relative Pressure ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Combustion Control

Abstract. Different sensor concepts for time-resolved cylinder pressure monitoring of combustion engines are realized and evaluated in this paper. We distinguish a non-intrusive form of measurement outside the cylinder, performed by means of a force compression rod from intrusive, real in-cylinder measurement by means of pressure membrane sensors being exposed to the hot combustion process. The force compression rod has the shape of a sine wave with thinner zones equipped with highly sensitive foil strain gauges that experience a relatively moderate temperature level of 120 ∘C. The sensor rod delivers a relative pressure value that may be influenced by neighbour cylinders due to mechanical coupling. For the intrusive sensor type, two different materials for the membrane-type sensor element were simulated and tested, one based on the ceramic zirconia and the other based on stainless steel. Due to the higher thermal conductivity of steel, the element experiences only 200 ∘C while the zirconia element reaches 300 ∘C. Metallic chromium thin films with high strain sensitivity (gauge factor of 15) and high-temperature capability were deposited on the membranes and subsequently structured to a Wheatstone bridge. The pressure evolution can be measured with both types in full detail, comparable to the signals of test bench cylinder pressure sensors. For the preferential steel-based sensor type, a reliable laser-welded electrical connection between the thin films on the membrane and a copper wire was developed. The in-cylinder pressure sensors were tested both on a diesel test bench and on a gas-fired engine. On the latter, an endurance test with 20 million cycles was passed. Reliable cylinder pressure sensors with a minimum of internal components are thus provided. The signals will be processed inside the sensor housing to provide analysis and aggregated data, i.e. mass fraction burned (MFB50) and other parameters as an output to allow for smart combustion control.

Cylinder-Pressure-Based Engine Control Using Pressure-Ratio-Management and Low-Cost Non-Intrusive Cylinder Pressure Sensors

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Sellnau ◽  
Frederic A. Matekunas ◽  
Paul A. Battiston ◽  
Chen-Fang Chang ◽  
David R. Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Engine Control ◽  
Cylinder Pressure

A Research on Engine Phase and Speed Estimation Method Based on Cylinder Pressure Sensor

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Wang ◽  
Fuyuan Yang ◽  
Minggao Ouyang ◽  
Ying Huang
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Speed Estimation ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
State Control ◽  
Experimental Proof ◽  
Crank Angle

Cylinder pressure based combustion state control is a direction that has drawn much attention in the field of internal combustion engine control, especially in the field of diesel HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) research. In-cylinder pressure sensors have the potential to diagnose or even replace many traditional sensors, including camshaft and crankshaft sensors. This paper did research on engine synchronization method based on in-cylinder pressure signal. The research was based on a 4-cylinder high pressure common rail diesel engine equipped with 4 PSG (Pressure Sensor Glow Plug) type piezo-resistance cylinder pressure sensors, intended for HCCI research. Through theoretical analysis and experimental proof, methods and models for cylinder identification, engine phase estimation and engine speed estimation are given and further verified by experiments. Results show that cylinder pressure sensor could be used to identify cylinder instead of cam shaft sensor. The models for engine phase and speed estimation have been proved to have precision of 3° crank angle and 4.6rpm, respectively. The precision of engine phase and speed estimation provides a possibility for the engine to run if the crankshaft sensor fails, but more researches have to be carried out with respect to crankshaft sensor replacement.

Diesel Engine Combustion Sensing Methodology Based on Vibration Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponti Fabrizio ◽  
Ravaglioli Vittorio ◽  
Cavina Nicolò ◽  
De Cesare Matteo
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Combustion Control ◽  
Real Time Analysis

The increasing request for pollutant emissions reduction spawned a great deal of research in the field of combustion control and monitoring. As a matter of fact, newly developed low temperature combustion strategies for diesel engines allow obtaining a significant reduction both in particulate matter and NOx emissions, combining the use of high EGR rates with a proper injection strategy. Unfortunately, due to their nature, these innovative combustion strategies are very sensitive to in-cylinder thermal conditions. Therefore, in order to obtain a stable combustion, a closed-loop combustion control methodology is needed. Many works demonstrate that a closed-loop combustion control strategy can be based on real-time analysis of in-cylinder pressure trace that provides important information about the combustion process, such as start of combustion, center of combustion and torque delivered by each cylinder. Nevertheless, cylinder pressure sensors on-board installation is still uncommon, due to problems related to unsatisfactory measurement long term reliability and cost. This paper presents a newly developed approach that allows extracting information about combustion effectiveness through the analysis of engine vibrations. In particular, the developed methodology can be used to obtain an accurate estimation of the indicated quantities of interest combining the information provided by engine speed fluctuations measurement and by the signals coming from acceleration transducers mounted on the engine. This paper also reports the results obtained applying the whole methodology to a light-duty turbocharged common rail diesel engine.

A Cylinder Pressure-Based Knock Detection Method for Pre-chamber Ignition Gasoline Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Fayaz Palakunnummal ◽  
Sahu Priyadarshi ◽  
Mark Ellis ◽  
Marouan Nazha
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Knock Detection

Limitations of Ionization Current Sensors and Comparison with Cylinder Pressure Sensors

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Peron ◽  
A. Charlet ◽  
P. Higelin ◽  
B. Moreau ◽  
J. F. Burq
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Ionization Current ◽  
Current Sensors

Estimation of cycle-resolved in-cylinder pressure and air-fuel ratio using spark plug ionization current sensing

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Lee ◽  
Y G Guezennec ◽  
G Rizzoni
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Current Signal ◽  
Ionization Current ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Combustion Diagnostics

In recent years, several new sensor technologies have been developed and implemented within automotive industries due to the increasing requirements for improved engine performance and emission reduction. It requires detailed and specified knowledge of the combustion process inside the engine cylinder along with a sophisticated technique in engine diagnostics and control. During the last few years, the ionization current signal detection has been the emerging technology in the new sensor developments, in which the spark plug is used as a combustion probe, to improve the performance and emissions of an automobile engine. In this paper, a novel methodology will be presented which allows the cycle-resolved as well as the mean-value estimation of the air-fuel ratio and in-cylinder pressure based on the ionization current signal measurements. The implementation details of this methodology as well as extensive results will be presented for a wide range of air-fuel ratios. The main advantage of this new approach to process the ionization signal is its strong potential for real-time estimation of the air-fuel ratio and combustion diagnostics of individual cylinders and engine cycles. All the complex physics during the actual events (combustion process, ion generation, engine dynamics, etc.) are automatically self-extracted by this technique from acquired data in an initial off-line mapping phase. Once this has been performed, the air-fuel ratio and in-cylinder pressure can easily be estimated for each individual cylinder and combustion event in real-time with few computational requirements. Hence, this methodology has a high potential for the real-time combustion diagnostics and engine control based on the air-fuel ratio and in-cylinder pressure, while eliminating the requirements for installing expensive air-fuel ratio and in-cylinder pressure sensors. The results indicate that estimation of the cycle-resolved air-fuel ratio and in-cylinder pressure is reasonably accurate and robust, despite the inherently noisy character of the ionization signals, with estimation errors typically in the order of 2 per cent or less, except for very fuel-rich conditions.

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