Measurement of Piston and Piston Ring Assembly Friction Force

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaharu Goto ◽  
Shun-ichi Aoyama ◽  
Shin-ichi Nagumo ◽  
Yasuo Nakajima ◽  
Michio Onoda
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Ring Assembly

Friction Force Measurements Using the Instantaneous IMEP Method and Comparison With RINGPAK Simulations

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoungjin Kim ◽  
Thomas M. Kiehne ◽  
Ronald D. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Firing Condition ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Bench Tests ◽  
Ring Assembly ◽  
Analysis System

Even though many researchers have measured the piston/ring assembly friction force over the last several decades, accurate measurement of the piston/ring assembly friction force is a still challenging problem. The floating liner method is not widely used, in spite of its accuracy, due to the substantial modifications required to the engine. On the other extreme, bench tests of the piston/ring assembly cannot completely simulate the real firing condition although bench tests are rapid, consistent, and cost effective. In this study, friction forces of the piston/ring assembly were measured using the instantaneous IMEP method and compared with modeling results using Ricardo’s RINGPAK software. In this research, a flexible flat cable was used to connect the connecting rod strain gage signal to the analysis system instead of using a grasshopper linkage. Therefore, the piston/ring assembly friction force was measured with the minimum change to the engine hardware.

Theoretical Modeling and Simulation of Piston Ring Assembly of an IC Engine

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore Mistry ◽  
D. V. Bhatt ◽  
N. R. Sheth
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Hydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Lubrication System ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Frictional Loss ◽  
Frictional Losses ◽  
Ring Assembly ◽  
Ring Geometry

Frictional losses in an IC engine are observed between 17–19% of total induced horsepower. 35–45% frictional losses observed due to piston ring assembly only from the above-referred total frictional loss. Lubrication system is for reducing the frictional losses and under the total hydrodynamic lubrication system, if made it feasible, above referred losses can be reduced considerably. Wear normally observed at TDC and BDC during the power stroke. Experimental set-up is prepared by using used piston-cylinder assembly of an engine. Experiment methodology is adopted based on certain assumption and simulated the entire system with an extra drive system by an electric motor with a provision of various speed availability. Various pockets on cylinder liner of 2mm diameter are located on the periphery of cylinder liner to offer lubrication to the system. Care was taken to control the rate of lubrication flow with the help of control knob. Seven different profiles on piston ring were generated and measured. Friction force is calculated by power consumption measurement under different dynamic condition with a variation of 5-speed, 3- lubricants and different 8- types of piston ring geometry are experimented under different combination and results are tabulated. Graphs are plotted for friction force v/s speed for different lubricants and piston ring profiles. Effect of lubricants (SAE30, 15W40& 2T) and ring geometry are compared.

Break-In Liner Wear and Piston Ring Assembly Friction in a Spark-Ignited Engine

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Ma ◽  
Naeim A. Henein ◽  
Walter Bryzik ◽  
John Glidewell
Keyword(s):  
Piston Ring ◽  
Ring Assembly

Analysis of Tribological Performance of Piston Ring Lubrication

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibin Guo ◽  
Wanyou Li ◽  
Dequan Zou ◽  
Xiqun Lu ◽  
Tao He
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Starved Lubrication ◽  
Piston Ring Lubrication ◽  
Cylinder Bore ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

In this paper a mixed lubrication model considering lubricant supply conditions on cylinder bore has been developed for the piston ring lubrication. The numerical procedures of both fully flooded and starved lubrication were included in the model. The lubrication equations and boundary conditions at the end of strokes were discussed in detail. The effects of piston ring design parameters, such as ring face profile and ring tension, on oil film thickness, friction force and power loss under fully flooded and starved lubrication conditions due to available lubricant supply on cylinder bore were studied. The simulation results show that the oil available in the inlet region of the oil film is important to the piston ring friction power loss. With different ring face crown heights and tensions, the changes of oil film thickness and friction force were apparent under fully flooded lubrication, but almost no changes were found under starved lubrication except at the end of a stroke. In addition, the oil film thickness and friction force were affected evidently by the ring face profile offsets under both fully flooded and starved lubrication conditions, and the offset towards the combustion chamber made a large contribution to forming thicker oil film during the expansion stroke. So under different lubricant supply conditions on the cylinder bore, the ring profile and tension need to be adjusted to reduce the friction and power loss. Moreover, the effects of lubricant viscosity, surface composite roughness, and engine operating speed on friction force and power loss were also discussed.

Piston Ring-Cylinder Bore Friction Modeling in Mixed Lubrication Regime: Part I—Analytical Results

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgen Akalin ◽  
Golam M. Newaz
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Mixed Lubrication ◽  
Asperity Contact ◽  
Friction Modeling ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
Cylinder Bore

An axi-symmetric, hydrodynamic, mixed lubrication model has been developed using the averaged Reynolds equation and asperity contact approach in order to simulate frictional performance of piston ring and cylinder liner contact. The friction force between piston ring and cylinder bore is predicted considering rupture location, surface flow factors, surface roughness and metal-to-metal contact loading. A fully flooded inlet boundary condition and Reynolds boundary conditions for cavitation outlet zone are assumed. Reynolds boundary conditions have been modified for non-cavitation zones. The pressure distribution along the ring thickness and the lubricant film thickness are determined for each crank angle degree. Predicted friction force is presented for the first compression ring of a typical diesel engine as a function of crank angle position.

Numerical Simulation on the Lubrication Performance of Surface Textured Piston Rings

2011 ◽  
Vol 199-200 ◽  
pp. 734-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Ying Chang ◽  
Xian Liang Zheng ◽  
Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Hydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Area Density ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Lubrication Performance

Surface texturing has been successfully employed in some tribological applications in order to diminish friction and wear. This technology may be used in a piston ring to decrease the friction and wear of the contact between a piston ring and cylinder liner. A numerical simulation of lubrication between a surface textured piston ring and cylinder liner based on the hydrodynamic lubrication theory was conducted. The influence of surface texture parameters on piston ring lubrication performance was obtained by solving the mathematical equations with a multi-grid method. The results show that under the micro-dimple area density of 5%-40% the minimum oil film thickness increases and the dimensionless friction force decreases with the increasing of it. Under the dimple area density of 40%-60%, the minimum oil film thickness and the dimensionless friction force change slightly. Under various dimple area densities the optimum dimple depth at the given working condition in this paper is about 5µm.

An analytical study of tribological parameters between piston ring and cylinder liner in internal combustion engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kamal Ahmed Ali ◽  
Hou Xianjun ◽  
Richard Fiifi Turkson ◽  
Muhammad Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Ring Assembly ◽  
Ring Dynamics ◽  
Tribological Parameters

This paper presents a model to study the effect of piston ring dynamics on basic tribological parameters that affect the performance of internal combustion engines by using dynamics analysis software (AVL Excite Designer). The paramount tribological parameters include friction force, frictional power losses, and oil film thickness of piston ring assembly. The piston and rings assembly is one of the highest mechanically loaded components in engines. Relevant literature reports that the piston ring assembly accounts for 40% to 50% of the frictional losses, making it imperative for the piston ring dynamics to be understood thoroughly. This analytical study of the piston ring dynamics describes the significant correlation between the tribological parameters of piston and rings assembly and the performance of engines. The model was able to predict the effects of engine speed and oil viscosity on asperity and hydrodynamic friction forces, power losses, oil film thickness and lube oil consumption. This model of mixed film lubrication of piston rings is based on the hydrodynamic action described by Reynolds equation and dry contact action as described by the Greenwood–Tripp rough surface asperity contact model. The results in the current analysis demonstrated that engine speed and oil viscosity had a remarkable effect on oil film thickness and hydrodynamic friction between the rings and cylinder liner. Hence, the mixed lubrication model, which unifies the lubricant flow under different ring–liner gaps, is needed via the balance between the hydrodynamic and boundary lubrication modes to obtain minimum friction between rings and liner and to ultimately help in improving the performance of engines.

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