scholarly journals A Cluster Model of Temperament as an Indicator of Antidepressant Response and Symptom Severity in Major Depression

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesa Paavonen ◽  
Olli Kampman ◽  
Ari Illi ◽  
Merja Viikki ◽  
Eija Setälä-Soikkeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Cluster Model ◽  
Antidepressant Response

Toward Optimal Treatments for Major Depression

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Blier ◽  
Herbert Ward
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Antidepressant Response ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
First And Second Generation

ABSTRACTThe treatment of major depression remains problematic for several reasons. In particular, the therapeutic response to medications usually does not manifest itself until a week after administration has begun, and more than half the patients will not experience a full recovery with the first antidepressant drug administration. There are, however, some pharmacologic strategies that can accelerate antidepressant response. When facing a treatment-resistant depression, combination therapy offers a more time-efficient approach to achieve remission than drug substitution. These interventions have been devised on a better understanding of the basis for the therapeutic response obtained with the first- and second-generation antidepressants, and evidence derived from controlled clinical trials of their superior effectiveness is growing. The rationale for such approaches will be described in this article, as well as their advantages and potential inconveniences. Ongoing research in this field continues to fuel the development of novel, better-tolerated, and more effective pharmacotherapies for depression.

Association between C-reactive protein (CRP) with depression symptom severity and specific depressive symptoms in major depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 344-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Köhler-Forsberg ◽  
Henriette N. Buttenschøn ◽  
Katherine E. Tansey ◽  
Wolfgang Maier ◽  
Joanna Hauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

A randomized trial of aerobic exercise for major depression: examining neural indicators of reward and cognitive control as predictors and treatment targets

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Brush ◽  
Greg Hajcak ◽  
Anthony J. Bocchine ◽  
Andrew A. Ude ◽  
Kristina M. Muniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Symptom Reduction ◽  
Depressive Symptom Severity ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Background Aerobic exercise has demonstrated antidepressant efficacy among adults with major depression. There is a poor understanding of the neural mechanisms associated with these effects. Deficits in reward processing and cognitive control may be two candidate targets and predictors of treatment outcome to exercise in depression. Methods Sixty-six young adults aged 20.23 years (s.d. = 2.39) with major depression were randomized to 8 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (n = 35) or light stretching (n = 31). Depressive symptoms were assessed across the intervention to track symptom reduction. Reward processing [reward positivity (RewP)] and cognitive control [error-related negativity (ERN)] were assessed before and after the intervention using event-related brain potentials. Results Compared to stretching, aerobic exercise resulted in greater symptom reduction (gs = 0.66). Aerobic exercise had no impact on the RewP (gav = 0.08) or ERN (gav = 0.21). In the aerobic exercise group, individuals with a larger pre-treatment RewP [odds ratio (OR) = 1.45] and increased baseline depressive symptom severity (OR = 1.18) were more likely to respond to an aerobic exercise program. Pre-treatment ERN did not predict response (OR = 0.74). Conclusions Aerobic exercise is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms in adults with major depression, particularly for those with increased depressive symptom severity and a larger RewP at baseline. Although aerobic exercise did not modify the RewP or ERN, there is preliminary support for the utility of the RewP in predicting who is most likely to respond to exercise as a treatment for depression.

scholarly journals Mental health literacy for anxiety disorders: how perceptions of symptom severity might relate to recognition of psychological distress

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Paulus ◽  
Lauren Page Wadsworth ◽  
Sarah A. Hayes-Skelton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – Improving mental health literacy is an important consideration when promoting expedient and effective treatment seeking for psychological disorders. Low recognition serves as a barrier to treatment and the purpose of this paper is to examine recognition by lay individuals of severity for three psychological disorders: social anxiety, generalized anxiety, and major depression using a dimensional approach. Design/methodology/approach – Vignettes of mild/subclinical, moderate, and severe cases of each disorder were rated for severity by a team of expert assessors and 270 participants (mean age=26.8; 76.7 percent women). Findings – Difference ratings were calculated comparing participants’ responses to scores from the assessors. A within-groups factorial ANOVA with LSD follow-up was performed to examine the effects of Diagnosis and Severity on difference ratings. Both main effects (Diagnosis, F(2, 536)=35.26, Mse=1.24; Severity, F(2, 536)=9.44, Mse=1.93) and the interaction were significant (F(4, 1,072)=13.70, Mse=1.13) all p’s < 0.001. Social anxiety cases were under-rated in the mild/subclinical and moderate cases, generalized anxiety cases were under-rated at all three severities, and major depression cases were over-rated at all three severities. Social implications – Judgments of severity may underlie the low recognition rates for social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Future efforts should focus on improved recognition and education regarding anxiety disorders in the population, particularly before they become severe. Originality/value – This project demonstrates the importance of considering judgments of symptom severity on a continuum, and in a range of cases, rather than just the ability to correctly label symptoms, when determining whether or not people recognize psychological disorders.

Beliefs about Depression in Patients and Their Partners

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter L. Cornwall ◽  
Jan Scott ◽  
Anne Garland ◽  
Ben R. Pollinger
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Caregiver Distress ◽  
Marital Functioning ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
Functioning Level ◽  
The Impact

We examined beliefs about depression in patients and their partners and explored the impact of beliefs on perceptions of marital functioning, level of distress and caregiving in partners, and clinical outcome of major depression. Fifteen patients meeting criteria for major depressive disorder and their co-habiting spouses were interviewed at baseline using the Reasons for Depression Questionnaire (Addis, Truax and Jacobson, 1995) and measures of symptom severity, distress, caregiver consequences and marital satisfaction. Outcome was assessed at 6 months. Identifying biological reasons for depression was significantly associated with patient severity of depression and with caregiver burden. Caregiver distress was significantly associated with endorsement of interpersonal reasons for depression. Concordance in reason giving between patients and partners was significantly associated with a good outcome. This is the first study to show that beliefs about depression held by patients and their partners may have an impact on the clinical outcome of major depression.

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