scholarly journals Diversity of Endophytic Fungi from Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) Plant and Their Inhibitory Effect to Fusarium oxysporum Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROHANI CINTA BADIA GINTING ◽  
NAMPIAH SUKARNO ◽  
UTUT WIDYASTUTI ◽  
LATIFAH KOSIM DARUSMAN ◽  
STHEGTKO KANAYA
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Red Ginger

scholarly journals Endophytic Fungi from Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants and Their Inhibitory Effect on Plant Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Nampiah Sukarno ◽  
Rohani Cinta Badia Ginting ◽  
Utut Widyastuti ◽  
Latifah Kosim Darusman ◽  
Sihegiko Kanaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Guazuma Ulmifolia ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza

The medicinal plants Centella asiatica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Guazuma ulmifolia, and Hydrocotyle verticillata are widely used  in Indonesian traditional medicine, but little is known about their associated endophytic fungi. This research aimed to study the diversity of endophytic fungi derived from functional parts of these plants and to evaluate their potential as antifungal agents against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. A total of 17 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained: nine from leaves of G. ulmifolia, three each from leaves of C. asiatica and H. verticillata, and two from rhizomes of C. xanthorrhiza. The genus Colletotrichum was found in all plants studied, but each plant was associated with different species. Colletotrichum aeschynomenes was associated with C. xanthorrhiza, C. siamense was associated with C. asiatica, and C. tropicale was associated with G. ulmifolia and H. verticillata. The species Curvularia affinis, Diaporthe tectonae, Lasiodiplodia mahajangana, Parengyodontium album, Talaromyces trachyspermus, and Speiropsis pedatospora were found only in G. ulmifolia; while Didymella coffeae-arabicae and Muyocopron laterale were found only in H. verticillata. The endophytic fungi showed inhibition activity against F. oxysporum with inhibition values of 6.0-78.9%, T. trachyspermus JBd10 and C. affinis JBd14 gave the highest inhibition activity.

scholarly journals INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE VAR RUBRUM EXTRACT AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Firnanda Iptita Dewi ◽  
Manik Retno Wahyunitisari
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Red Ginger

Background: gram-negative bacteria-salmonella typhi and gram-positive bacteria-staphylococcus aureus are types of bacteria that cause infectious disease among several areas in Indonesia. Staphylococcus aureus often found in skin lesions injury. Red ginger extract (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) has been known for its medicinal value especially as an antibacterial agent. Purpose: This study aims to test the ability of Zingiber officinale var rubrum on inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: the activity of the antibacterial agent was calculated based on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using dilution method. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of extract was determined by incubating bacteria with the extract overnight at 37 0C. Changes in turbidity and inhibition on bacterial growth were then observed. Result: The results show that minimum concentration for inhibitory effect was 1000 μg/mL.Conclusion: extract of Zingiber officinale var rubrum have an inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus but no activity of killing bacterial was observed on the concentration given.

scholarly journals Potensi Cendawan Endofit Asal Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) untuk Mengendalikan Cendawan Patogen Candida albicans In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Mulya Sari ◽  
Nampiah Sukarno ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Rohani Cinta Badia Br Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Red Ginger ◽  
Chemical Groups

Endophytic fungi isolated from red ginger (Zingiber officinale) can inhibit growth of Fusarium oxysporum, but the ability of the fungi to control Candida albicans  as human pathogen has not been reported. The aims of this research were to study the mechanism of ten endophytic fungi isolates derived from red ginger to control C. albicans in vitro using dual culture methode and fungal extract, and to determine fungal bioactive chemical groups produced by the fungi. Three out of ten isolates tested, Talaromyces assiutensis JMa 7, T. assiutensis JMbt 3, and Curvularia affinis JMbt 9 inhibited growth of C. albicans with inhibition zones were 4.0 mm, 4.9 mm, and 11.3 mm, respectively. The cultures of the three potential endophytic fungi were extracted by maceration method using 3 solvents i.e ethyl acetate, n-hexane and ethanol. The three isolates were grown in PDB separately for 21 days incubation. At harvest, the culture filtrate was extracted by ethyl acetate and n-hexane, while fungal mycelia were extracted by all the three solvents. Ethyl acetate extracts obtained from culture filtrate of all the three fungal isolates consistently inhibited C. albicans with inhibition zones were 2.0-3.8 mm. For n-hexane extract, however, only Talaromyces assiutensis JMbt 3 that had positive effect with inhibition zone was 2.0 mm. All extracts from mycelia did not have any effects on C. albicans. The ethyl acetate extract of T. assiutensis JMbt 3 was analysed to determine its chemical groups using visible color on thin layer chromatography (TLC). The results showed that the bioactive compounds was terpenoids, and antioxidant.

scholarly journals A pair of effectors encoded on a conditionally dispensable chromosome of Fusarium oxysporum suppress host-specific immunity

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ayukawa ◽  
Shuta Asai ◽  
Pamela Gan ◽  
Ayako Tsushima ◽  
Yasunori Ichihashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Effector Genes ◽  
Dispensable Chromosome ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractMany plant pathogenic fungi contain conditionally dispensable (CD) chromosomes that are associated with virulence, but not growth in vitro. Virulence-associated CD chromosomes carry genes encoding effectors and/or host-specific toxin biosynthesis enzymes that may contribute to determining host specificity. Fusarium oxysporum causes devastating diseases of more than 100 plant species. Among a large number of host-specific forms, F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Focn) can infect Brassicaceae plants including Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and cabbage. Here we show that Focn has multiple CD chromosomes. We identified specific CD chromosomes that are required for virulence on Arabidopsis, cabbage, or both, and describe a pair of effectors encoded on one of the CD chromosomes that is required for suppression of Arabidopsis-specific phytoalexin-based immunity. The effector pair is highly conserved in F. oxysporum isolates capable of infecting Arabidopsis, but not of other plants. This study provides insight into how host specificity of F. oxysporum may be determined by a pair of effector genes on a transmissible CD chromosome.

scholarly journals The effect of chitosan on limitation of growth and development of some pathogenic fungi for ornamental plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Saniewska
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
Tulip Bulbs

The inhibitory effect of crab-shell chitosan, medium (200-800 cps) and high molecular weight ( 800-2000 cps) (purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals) toward <i>Alternaria alternata, Botrytis tulipae, Fiisarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>callistephi, Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>tulipae, Phoma narcissi</i> and <i> Phoma poolensis</i> was evaluated <i>in vitro</i> and in <i>vivo</i>. The chitosan evidently inhibited in vitro growth of all tested pathogens, with a marked effect at higher concentrations above 200 μg/cm<sup>3</sup>. Chitosan at a concentration of 1,25; 2,5 and 5,0 mg/cm<sup>3</sup> didn't have inhibitory action in appearance of fungi growth on naturally contaminated <i>Callistephus chinensis</i> seeds. At the same concentrations, chitosan applied as bulb scales dressing of <i>Hymenocallis narcissiflora</i> bulbs, before inoculation or after inoculation with <i>Phoma narcissi</i>, inhibited the development of necrotic spots on scales. Chitosan used preventively or curatively at a concentrations of 1,25; 2,5 and 5,0 mg/cm<sup>3</sup> indicated inhibitory effect on development of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>tulipae</i> on tulip bulbs. Chitosan at a concentration of 10 mg/cm<sup>3</sup> applied preventively (first spray 12th June) was very effective in the control of <i>Puccinia antirrhini</i> on snapdragon in the field. The strongest inhibitory effect was observed on snapdragon treated 8 times at week intervals.

scholarly journals Screening and characterization of endophytic fungi as antagonistic agents toward Fusarium oxysporum on eggplant (Solanum melongena)

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1377-1384
Author(s):  
FAJAR RAHMAH NURAINI ◽  
RATNA SETYANINGSIH ◽  
ARI SUSILOWATI
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Agar Plug

Nuraini FR, Setyaningsih R, Susilowati A. 2017. Screening and characterization of endophytic fungi as antagonistic agents toward Fusarium oxysporum on eggplant (Solanum melongena). Biodiversitas 18: 1377-1384. Fusarium oxysporum is a soil borne pathogenic fungus that causes wilt disease in members of the family Solanaceae including the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). One approach to resolving the problem of wilt disease in eggplant is to find endophytic microbes with antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum. The study reported here aimed to isolate such endophytic fungal antagonists from growing eggplants, to determine their antagonistic mechanisms, and to identify them. Samples of pathogenic fungi from diseased plants, assumed to be F. oxysporum, were obtained from the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. These were used to evaluate the antagonistic potential of endophytic fungi obtained from healthy eggplants in Dawung Village, Matesih, Karanganyar, Central Java. Specimens of various plant parts were collected from the healthy eggplants. The surfaces of these samples were sterilized for four minutes to remove contaminants, and then crushed excisions were cultured on a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Antagonistic tests between endophytic and pathogenic fungi used the agar plug diffusion technique. Identification of fungi isolates was carried out on the basis of morphological characteristics. Six endophytic fungi isolated had antagonist activity against F. oxysporum. The antagonistic mechanism of FEB1, FEB2, FEB5 and FED1 was competition; FED2 was antibiosis, and FED3 was parasitism. Based on their morphological characteristics, FEB2, FEB5 and FED3 were identified as Helicomyces spp.; FEB1 was a Rhizopus sp.; FED1 was a Mucor sp.; and FED2 was a species of Penicillium.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Fungal Plant Pathogens by Aqueous Extracts of Arum cyreniacum

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Abdulrraziq ◽  
Sami M. Salih ◽  
Sultan F. Alnomasy ◽  
Ziyad M. Aldosari ◽  
Bader S. Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens ◽  
The Family

Arum cyreniacum is an important member of the family of Araceae because of its bio-activities. Hence this work aimed to establish a link between Arum cyreniacum and its uses as bio-control against plant pathogenic fungi which had never hitherto been established. This work was carried out to evaluate the activity of the aqueous extracts of tubers, leaves, and flowers of Arum cyreniacum against three different types of pathogenic fungi, Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores and Aspergillus niger. The antifungal activity of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum was determined by poisoned food technique. The results showed that Arum cyreniacum had an inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner on Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores, while Aspergillus niger was resistant to all extracts. However, the great inhibition activity against tested fungi was associated with increasing concentrations of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum. Data in this work indicated that the use of Arum cyreniacum could be a valid alternative for bio-control of plant pathogenic fungi.

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