scholarly journals Effects of spectacles and telescopes on visual function in students with oculocutaneous albinism

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 758-767
Author(s):  
Siddeeqa Jhetam ◽  
Khathutshelo P Mashige
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Oculocutaneous Albinism ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Observational Study Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Spectacle Correction

Purpose: To investigate the effects of spectacle and telescope corrections on visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS) and reading rates (RR) in students with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA). Methods: An observational study design was conducted on 81 students with OCA. Distance and near VA, CS and RR were measured without correction, with spectacle correction and with a combination of spectacle correction and telescopes. Results: The mean distance and near VA values with a combination of spectacle correction and telescopes were significantly better than those without correction and with spectacle correction alone (p = 0.01). Mean CS values achieved with spectacles alone were significantly better than those obtained with a combination of spectacles and telescopes (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference between logCS values obtained without correction compared to those obtained with a combination of spectacle correction and telescopes. There were no significant differences between RR values obtained with a combination of spectacles and telescopes and those without and with spectacle correction alone (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: This article provides valuable information to eye care practitioners on the effects of spectacles and telescopes on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and reading rate in students with OCA. Keywords: Oculocutaneous albinism; visual acuity; telescope; contrast sensitivity; reading rate.

Visual Function and Subjective Quality of Life in Chinese Cataract Patients after Implantation with Aspheric Intraocular Lenses

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-740
Author(s):  
Yanwen Fang ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Xinhua Wu ◽  
Aizhu Miao ◽  
Yi Luo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Subjective Quality Of Life ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cataract Patients

Purpose. To evaluate and compare the objective and subjective visual function after implantation of 2 aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) in Chinese cataract patients. Methods. Forty-one eyes of 28 patients with cataract were randomly assigned to receive either the MC X11 ASP IOL or the AcrySof IQ IOL. Three months postoperatively, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, wavefront aberrations, and subjective visual quality were measured. The degree of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was recorded at last follow-up. Results. Postoperative mean monocular BCVA was 0.05±0.13 logMAR in the MC X11 group and 0.05±0.08 logMAR in the IQ group. There was no significant difference in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, subjective visual quality, and degree of PCO between the 2 groups. For a 6-mm pupil diameter, the mean spherical aberration (Z40) was 0.075±0.076 μm in the MC X11 group and 0.056±0.111 μm in the IQ group. However, 45.5% and 57.9% of the eyes in the MC X11 and IQ groups had values >0.10 μm, respectively. The mean RMS values of the high-order aberrations were similar between the 2 groups except the higher fifth- and sixth-order aberrations, which were significantly higher in the MC X11 group. Conclusions. Both IOLs provided similar and good visual outcomes. However, the data suggest that the amount of negative spherical aberration generated by current available aspheric IOLs might not be optimal for Chinese eyes.

scholarly journals 106Ruthenium eye plaque brachytherapy in the management of medium sized uveal melanoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Konstantine Purtskhvanidze ◽  
Gerit Kandzia ◽  
Dirk Neumann ◽  
Ulf Luetzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Median Period ◽  
Cataract Development ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eye Plaque ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Background: To evaluate 106 Ruthenium Brachytherapy in management of medium sized uveal melanoma, with emphasis on 5-year outcome and toxicity. Methods: From 2007 to 2015, 39 patients were treated with 106 Ru eye plaques brachytherapy. At the time of diagnosis, the mean tumor depth was 3.7 mm (±SD:1.6). Mean dose at the apex of the tumor was 141.4 Gy (± SD: 12.1 Gy). The mean sclera dose was 557.7 Gy (± SD: 257.3 Gy). Results: Mean follow-up was 69.5 months (± SD: 53.8 months). 34 patients (87.1%) remained free of recurrence. In 26 (66.7%) patients a total regression was achieved after a median period of 12 months (Range: 3-60 mon.). By the final examination, the visual acuity of 26 (66.7%) patients was better than 20/200. 12 (30.7%) patients had a visual acuity better than 20/40. Retinopathy was detected in 11 (28.2%) patients. After treatments only 1 (5.1%) patients had active vascular changes by the last examination. Moderate optic neuropathy was observed in 4 (10.3%) patients. Cataract development was diagnosed in 21 (53.8%) patients, although 16 (41%) of them had bilateral cataract development. Special emphasis was made on patients with larger tumors. Twelve out of the 39 patients had a tumor with a depth of 5mm or more. There was no significant difference neither in local control (75 % in tumors ≥5mm versus 92.6 % in tumors <5mm) nor in side effects between both groups. Conclusions: Our study proved 106 Ru -brachytherapy to be an excellent treatment option with regard to tumor control and preservation of the visual acuity in well-selected patients. The data suggest that this treatment is also suitable for tumors with a depth of more than 5mm.

scholarly journals A comparison of visual acuity measured by ETDRS chart and Standard Logarithmic Visual Acuity chart among outpatients

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-540
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Ding-Wei Liu ◽  
Jing-Lin Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Better Than

AIM: To compare the results of visual acuity (VA) measured by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart, 5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity (5SL) chart, and 2.5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity (2.5SL) chart in outpatients of age 12-80y. METHODS: Each patient (totally 2000 outpatients) had both eyes tested with ETDRS chart at 4 m, 5SL chart at 5 m, and 2.5SL chart at 2.5 m in random order. The VA values of outpatients were categorized by ages. VA values were expressed by logMAR recording method. RESULTS: The mean VA results of ETDRS charts, 5SL, and 2.5SL chart were 0.52±0.28, 0.50±0.30, and 0.46±0.28 logMAR, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the three eye charts in the whole group (P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001). For all subjects, the correlation of VA tested with three charts was statistically significant (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.944, 0.937, 0.946, all P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001). Bland–Altman analysis shows the 95% limits of agreement between the 5SL and 2.5SL chart were -0.182 to 0.210, -0.139 to 0.251, and -0.151 to 0.235 logMAR, respectively). CONCLUSION: The agreement between the three eye charts is not high. The VA measured by 5SL chart is slightly better than that by ETDRS chart and 5SL chart would be a suitable alternative when ETDRS chart are not available in the clinical situation. The VA measured by 2.5SL chart is about 0.5 line better than VA tested with ETDRS chart, which may overestimate VA.

scholarly journals Comparison of clinical effects of two brands of toric intraocular lens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinan Liu ◽  
Qianru Wu ◽  
Hongyuan Cai ◽  
Xiaoyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Corneal Astigmatism ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Toric Intraocular Lens ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background This study aimed to compare the clinical effects of two brands of toric intraocular lens used in surgical correction of cataract with corneal astigmatism. Methods 35 patients (50 eyes) with corneal astigmatism who underwent ophthalmic surgery from April 2019 to July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 25 eyes of 20 patients were implanted with Rayner 623T, while 25 eyes of 15 patients with Alcon AcrySof Toric intraocular lens (IOL). Three months after surgery, the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), residual astigmatism, rotational degree of intraocular lens, contrast sensitivity, objective visual quality and the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) scale score were compared. Results The mean postoperative UCDVA (logMAR) and BCDVA (logMAR) in the Rayner group were 0.17 ± 0.20 and 0.08 ± 0.15, respectively (P > 0.05), while those in the Alcon group were 0.21 ± 0.16 and 0.10 ± 0.11, respectively (P > 0.05). The mean residual astigmatism in the Rayner group was (0.69±0.40) while that in the Alcon group was (0.62±0.49), (P >0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in IOL rotational stability, contrast sensitivity and objective visual quality (P > 0.05). The NEI VFQ-25 scale score was 85.16±5.91 in the Rayner group while that was 82.08±6.16 in the Alcon group, (P > 0.05). Conclusions The two brands of toric intraocular lens- Rayner 623T and Alcon AcrySof Toric showed no significant difference in their clinical effects.

Pediatric Cataract Surgery: Comparison between Ages at Surgery and Contrast Sensitivity Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Aquirina Caesari Putri ◽  
Rozalina Loebis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Natural World ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pediatric Cataract ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pediatric cataracts are major causes of children’s blindness. Surgery has proven to be beneficial in terms of visual function prognosis. Contrast sensitivity evaluation after surgery is as important as visual acuity considering that natural world consists of various objects in low-to-medium contrasts. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difference of contrast sensitivity outcomes based on ages at surgery. Method: Retrospective data of children with pediatric developmental cataract from July 2013 to November 2015 were collected. All children who underwent cataract surgery at 60-months-old or less were randomized into two groups, ≤24 months and >24-to-60 months. Contrast sensitivity was then examined with preferential-looking method using Hiding Heidi low-contrast test face chart. The main outcome measures were contrast sensitivity of both groups. Age-at-evaluation, cataract onset, duration of follow-up, duration of deprivation and visual acuity were also noted. Result: Of 14 children (23 eyes), 11 eyes (47,8%) were in ≤24 months group, 12eyes (52,2%) were in >24-to-60 months group. All eyes underwent cataract extraction and similar type of intraocular lens implantation. Mean age-at-surgery was 28,2 months±16,8 (SD). Mean contrast sensitivity for each group was 47,50 %±42,29 and 18,33%±27,38, respectively, with p-value 0,031. Further analysis of Spearman’s correlation test demonstrated significant negative correlation (rs = -0,559; p = 0,006) between the two groups. Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in contrast sensitivity between those who underwent surgery at ≤24 months and >24-to-60 months. Children who underwent surgery at older ages tend to have better contrast sensitivity afterwards.

scholarly journals Prevalence of amblyopia and patterns of refractive error in the amblyopic children of a tertiary eye care center of Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sapkota ◽  
A Pirouzian ◽  
NS Matta
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Ocular Pathology ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Refractive error is a common cause of amblyopia. Objective: To determine prevalence of amblyopia and the pattern and the types of refractive error in children with amblyopia in a tertiary eye hospital of Nepal. Materials and methods: A retrospective chart review of children diagnosed with amblyopia in the Nepal Eye Hospital (NEH) from July 2006 to June 2011 was conducted. Children of age 13+ or who had any ocular pathology were excluded. Cycloplegic refraction and an ophthalmological examination was performed for all children. The pattern of refractive error and the association between types of refractive error and types of amblyopia were determined. Results: Amblyopia was found in 0.7 % (440) of 62,633 children examined in NEH during this period. All the amblyopic eyes of the subjects had refractive error. Fifty-six percent (248) of the patients were male and the mean age was 7.74 ± 2.97 years. Anisometropia was the most common cause of amblyopia (p < 0.001). One third (29 %) of the subjects had bilateral amblyopia due to high ametropia. Forty percent of eyes had severe amblyopia with visual acuity of 20/120 or worse. About twothirds (59.2 %) of the eyes had astigmatism. Conclusion: The prevalence of amblyopia in the Nepal Eye Hospital is 0.7%. Anisometropia is the most common cause of amblyopia. Astigmatism is the most common types of refractive error in amblyopic eyes. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2013; 5(9):38-44 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v5i1.7820

scholarly journals Effect of Ranibizumab Treatment in Cases of Choroidal Neovascular Membranes Secondary to Pathological Myopia versus Age-Related Macular Degeneration

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Abdaltawab ◽  
Z F Ismail ◽  
W M A Ebeid ◽  
S M Fawzy
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Intravitreal Injections ◽  
P Value ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Pathological Myopia ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Aim of the Work The aim of this work is to compare the response of treatment with ranibizumab in terms of visual acuity in cases of CNV secondary to pathological myopia versus CNV secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Methods This prospective, comparative study included ten eyes newly diagnosed as having CNV secondary to pathological myopia, and 10 eyes newly diagnosed as having subfoveal active CNV secondary to AMD. All patients had 3 monthly intravitreal Injections of 0.50 mg (in 0.05 ml of solution) ranibizumab with monthly evaluation of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) by Landolt C chart, and also calculated in Logarithm of Minimum Angle of Resolution (Log MAR). Results pretreatment there was no significant difference between the two groups as the mean VA (Log Mar) was 1.31 ± 0.2 in AMD group and 1.17 ± 0.3 in MCNV group of P value = 0.431 and also post three IVI of ranibizumab showed no significant difference between the two groups as the mean VA (Log Mar) was 1.22 ± 0.2 for AMD and 1.22 ± 0.5 for MCNV of P value = 0.635. Conclusion there was no significant difference in BCVA between AMD and MCNV groups after three intravitreal injections of ranibizumab.

scholarly journals Anatomical and Visual Effects of Implantable Phakic Contact Lens on Correction of Myopia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ekram ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Kamal Elshafei ◽  
Asmaa Anwar Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Farouk Sayed Othman Abdelkader
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical effects of implantable phakic contact lens (IPCL) (Care Group, India) on anterior segment and its visual outcomes .Patients and methods: In a prospective interventional case series study, 60 highly myopic eyes of 32 patients were subjected to IPCL implantation in the Ophthalmology Department of Minia University Hospital, Egypt from January 2019 to June 2021. All patients had complete ophthalmic examination and were followed up for 1 year. Pentacam was used for preoperative and postoperative estimation of anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and IPCL vault in the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months. Assessment of corneal endothelium was done using specular microscope preoperatively and after 12 months. Preoperative and postoperative refraction and visual acuity were measured. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in ACD, ACA, and ACV. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) by the 12th month (P=0.163). The mean preoperative endothelial cell count (ECD) was significantly reduced from 2929.3±248 cells/mm2 to 2737.9±303 cells/mm2 at the 12th month (P<0.001). with a statistically highly significant improvement of mean Log Mar uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) from 1.48±0.19 preoperatively to 0.46±0.11 by the end of follow up (P<0.001) with insignificant difference between preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative UCVA (P=0.209). In the 12th month, the mean vault was 240±540 μm. No sight threatening complications occurred.Conclusion: Although IPCL induced anatomical changes, it was safe and effective for correction of high myopia.

Effects of Orthokeratology Lens On Axial Length Elongation in Myopia With Anisometropia Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyang Chen ◽  
Kai-Ming Chen ◽  
Ying Shi ◽  
Zhao-Da Ye ◽  
Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Abstract AimTo investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) lens on axial length (AL) elongation in myopia with anisometropia children.MethodsThirty-seven unilateral myopia (group 1) and fifty-nine bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were involved in this 1-year retrospective study. And bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were divided into group 2A (diopter of the lower SER eye under − 2.00D) and group 2B(diopter of the lower SER eye is equal or greater than − 2.00D). The change in AL were observed.The datas were analysed using SPSS 21.0.Results(1) In group 1, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eye were 24.70 ± 0.89 mm and 23.55 ± 0.69 mm, respectively. In group 2A, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 24.61 ± 0.84 mm and 24.00 ± 0.70 mm respectively. In group 2B, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 25.28 ± 0.72 mm and 24.70 ± 0.74 mm. After 1 year, the change in AL of the L eyes was faster than the H eyes in group 1 and group 2A (all P<0.001).While the AL of the H eyes and L eyes had the same increased rate in group 2B. (2) The effect of controlling AL elongation of H eyes is consistent in three groups (P = 0.559).The effect of controlling AL elongation of L eyes in group 2B was better than that in group 1 and group 2A (P < 0.001). And the difference between group 1 and group 2A has no statistical significance. (3) The AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 1.16 ± 0.55mm to 0.88 ± 0.68mm after 1 year in group 1.And in group 2A, the AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 0.61 ± 0.34mm to 0.48 ± 0.28mm. There was statistically significant difference (all P<0.001). In group 2B, the baseline AL difference in H eyes and L eyes has no significant difference from that after 1 year (P = 0.069).ConclusionsMonocular OK lens is effective on suppression AL growth of the myopic eyes and reduce anisometropia value in unilateral myopic children. Binocular OK lenses only reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye under − 2.00D. Binocular OK lenses cannot reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye equal or greater than − 2.00D. Whether OK lens can reduce refractive anisometropia value is related to the spherical equivalent refractive of low refractive eye in bilateral myopia with anisometropia children after 1-year follow-up.

scholarly journals A profile and treatment outcome of seasonal hyper-acute panuveitis

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Seasonal hyper-acute panuveitis (SHAPU) is a sight-threatening disease and its management is challenging. Objective: To study the profile and evaluate the visual outcome of the patients of clinicallydiagnosed cases of SHAPU after treatment. Subjects and methods: A retrospective interventional hospital-based study was carried out involving 21 subjects with clinically-diagnosed SHAPU. The data were retrieved from the record section of the hospital and analyzed. The variables studied were demographic pattern, clinical condition, duration of presentation and visual acuity before and after the treatment. Statistics: The data were analyzed using Epi Info version 2000. Percentage prevalence, mean values with standard deviation, relative risk, 95% CI and p value were calculated. P value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: Among the 21 cases, the numbers of male and female were 11 (52.4 %) and 10 (46.7 %) respectively. A comparative analysis of gender in children and adults did not show any significant difference (RR=0.47, 95% CI = 0.22 - 1.01, Fisher exact test: p = 0.14). The mean for all ages was 7 ± 12.68 years, while the mean age in pediatric cases was 4.5 ± 3.91 years. Thirteen (61.9%) cases occurred in children below fifteen years. Fifteen (71.4 %) cases reported during September and October. Presenting visual acuity of all cases was less than 3/60. All of them received medical treatment. By the end of the 4th week, seven (33.3 %) patients regained vision to 6/18. Conclusion: SHAPU is more prevalent in pediatric age group. It is equally prevalent among males and females. The visual acuity can improve with early medical treatment. Keywords: SHAPU; panuveitis; steroid; phthisis bulbi DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v2i1.3702 Nep J Oph 2010;2(1) 35-38

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