scholarly journals Production of Metallic Iron from the Pudo Magnetite Ore using End-of-Life Rubber Tyre as Reductant: The Role of an Underlying Ankerite Ore as a Fluxing Agent on Productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
E. Abotar ◽  
J. B. Dankwah ◽  
P. Koshy ◽  
J. R. Dankwah
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Metallic Iron ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Magnetite Ore ◽  
Domestic Microwave Oven ◽  
West Region ◽  
Titaniferous Magnetite ◽  
Composite Pellets ◽  
Fluxing Agent

This research work investigated the nature of a nonmagnetic ore from Pudo in the Upper West Region of Ghana and its fluxing effect on the extent of reduction of the Pudo titaniferous magnetite ore using pulverised samples of charred carbonaceous materials generated from end-of-life vehicle tyres (ELT) as reductants. Reduction studies were conducted on composite pellets of the Pudo titaniferous magnetite iron ore containing fixed amounts of charred ELT and varying amounts (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) of the nonmagnetic fluxing material in a domestic microwave oven and the extent of reduction was calculated after microwave irradiation for 40 minutes. Analyses by XRF, SEM/EDS and XRD of the nonmagnetic ore revealed an Ankerite type of ore of the form Ca0.95Fe0.95Mn0.1 (CO3)2. From the microwave reduction studies it was observed that premium grade metallic iron could be produced from appropriate blends of the Pudo iron ores using ELT as reductant, with a measured extent of reduction up to 103.8%. Further, the extent of reduction was observed to increase with an increase in the amount of the nonmagnetic fluxing material (Ankerite) that was added as fluxing agent.   Keywords: Ankerite, End-of-life Rubber Tyres, Fluxing Agent, Extent of Reduction

Production of Metallic Iron from Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) Using End-of-Life Rubber Tyre and its Blends with Metallurgical Coke as Reductants

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
James Ransford Dankwah ◽  
Pramod Koshy
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Metallic Iron ◽  
Horizontal Tube ◽  
Metallurgical Coke ◽  
Argon Gas ◽  
Composite Pellets ◽  
Infrared Gas Analyser ◽  
Horizontal Tube Furnace

The production of metallic iron from iron oxide using end-of-life tyres (RT) and its blends with metallurgical coke as reductants has been investigated through experiments conducted in a laboratory scale horizontal tube furnace. Composite pellets of iron oxide (96.89 % Fe2O3) with RT, coke and coke/RT blends (in four different proportions) were rapidly heated at 1500 °C under high purity argon gas and the off gas was continuously analysed for CO and CO2 using an online infrared gas analyser (IR). The extent of reduction after ten minutes, level of carburisation of the reduced metal and the total amount of CO2 emissions were determined for each carbonaceous reductant. The results indicate that metallic iron can be effectively produced from Fe2O3 using RT and its blends with coke as reductant. The extent of reduction and level of carburisation are significantly improved when coke is blended with RT. Blending of coke with RT resulted in significant decrease in CO2 emissions.

Mossbauer Study of the Role of Aluminum and Chromium in Nitrogen Implanted Iron

1991 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kopcewicz ◽  
J. Jagielski ◽  
A. Turos ◽  
D. L. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Metallic Iron ◽  
Conversion Electron ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Mössbauer Study ◽  
Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Conversion Electron Mossbauer Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACTThe role of alloying elements such as Cr and Al in the formation and stability of the nitride phases formed due to N ion implantation into metallic iron was studied by conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS). The thermal stability of nitride phases upon 1 h annealing was greatly increased as a result of co-implanting either Cr or Al with N as compared to pure α-Fe implanted only with N.

Death, taxes and uncertainty: Economic motivations in end-of-life decision making

2021 ◽  
pp. 147775092110114
Author(s):  
George Slade Mellgard ◽  
Jacob M Appel
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Ethical Conflicts ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
End Of Life Decision ◽  
Death Taxes

Economic motivations are key drivers of human behavior. Unfortunately, they are largely overlooked in literature related to medical decisionmaking, particularly with regard to end-of-life care. It is widely understood that the directions of a proxy acting in bad faith can be overridden. But what of cases in which the proxy or surrogate appears to be acting in good faith to effectuate the patient’s values, yet doing so directly serves the decision-maker’s financial interests? Such situations are not uncommon. Many patients care as deeply about economic wellbeing of their families as they do for their own lives and health. This brief work examines three scenarios that raise ethical issues regarding the role of pecuniary motives in making critical medical decisions. Each scenario presents a potential financial conflict of interest between an incapacitated patient and a third-party decision-maker and offers a framework for integrating ethical and legal concerns into clinical care. It is our hope that this work prepares physicians for unexpected ethical conflicts of interest and enables them to further the interests of his or her patients.

A study of factors which influence the job satisfaction of stockpeople on commercial pig farms

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
R C Segundo ◽  
P R English ◽  
G Burgess ◽  
S A Edwards ◽  
O MacPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Farm Livestock

The role of stockmanship in relation to the wellbeing of farm animals has been emphasised in the UK Codes of Recommendations for the Welfare of Farm Livestock (MAFF, 1983). Moreover, previous research work has demonstrated important effects of good and bad stockmanship not only on welfare but also on growth, lactational and reproductive performance of pigs and other farm livestock (Hemsworth et al, 1987). There is a need, therefore, to establish the factors which motivate and demotivate stockpeople since the degree of job satisfaction is likely to have a considerable influence on the attitude and performance of stockpeople and on their empathy with the animals in their care. With this objective in mind, a questionnaire was designed to investigate the aspects which could have an influence on the job satisfaction of the stockpeople involved in pig production.

Theories of Nation Building: An Analysis for Academicians and Nation Builders to Employ Nepali Army

Unity Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Anand Sing Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Historical Times

Some of the theories of nation building have been dedicated to the study of link between nation and nationalism; others are attributed to explore nation building, state building, social integration, national integration and even conflict transformation during various historical periods. However, nation building is a normative concept used by academicians and nation builders alike to study the role of armed forces in nation building in recent times. Although research has conducted on ethnicity and nation building in Nepal, a little is known about application of theoretical perspective to explore the role of Nepali Army in nation building. Apparently, this article argues that the level of theoretical awareness of academicians and nation builders needs improvement and multiple theories of nation building are relevant to explore the role of Nepali Army in nation building during various enclaves of Nepali nation. Important issues like what are the relevant theories in Nepali context to analyse nation building? Their implication during the historical times to study the link of Nepali Army with nation building needs to be studied. Hence, this paper comparatively examines a nation building theories and their relevant implications during various enclaves of Nepali nation particularly applauding the role on Nepali Army. Conceptual framework based on Saunder's Research Onion Peeled (2007) method was used with qualitative design in a way of inductive approach to conduct the research work to investigate the research questions. Comparative document study, library research, quick survey with policy makers, government employees, professors, university students APF Officers and Army Officers based on purposive sampling method have been used. Study found that Nepali nation passes through its own way of building the nation in various enclaves, none of the theories are complete to study the employment of Nepali Army to produce visible and encouraging results. The level of theoretical awareness of academicians and nation builders needs further improvement. For this, multiple theories particularly related to social transformation, infrastructural development in support of centre to periphery relation; social integration and nationalism are appropriate.

Microstructural Size Dependency in Nonlinear Lateral Stability of Random Reinforced Microshells via Meshfree-Based Applied Mathematical Modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150164
Author(s):  
Jie-Hua Sun ◽  
Zhi-Dong Zhou ◽  
Saeid Sahmani ◽  
Babak Safaei
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Meshfree Method ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Probabilistic Technique ◽  
Prime Objective ◽  
Shear Deformable

The prime objective of this research work is to develop an efficient small scale-dependent computational framework incorporating microstructural tensors of dilatation gradient, rotation gradient, and deviatoric stretch gradient to analyze nonlinear lateral stability of cylindrical microshells. The numerical strategy is established based upon a mixed formation of the third-order shear deformable shell model and modified strain gradient continuum mechanics. The graphene nanoplatelet reinforcements are assumed to be randomly dispersed in a checkerboard scheme within the resin matrix. Accordingly, to extract the effective material properties, the Monte Carlo simulation together with a probabilistic technique are employed. The numerical solution for the microstructural-dependent nonlinear problem is carried out via the moving Kriging meshfree method having the capability to accommodate accurately the essential boundary conditions using proper moving Kriging shape function. It is represented that the role of the stiffening characters related to the effect of microstructural dilatation gradient, rotation gradient, and deviatoric stretch reduces continuously by going to deeper territory of the load-deflection stability path. Moreover, it is indicated that among various microstructural gradient tensors, the stiffening character of the rotation gradient is higher than deviatoric stretch gradient, and the stiffening character of the latter is more considerable than the dilatation gradient tensor.

Doro Rekufa and Tsvitsa: Beer, Animals and Death Rituals among the Ndau of South Eastern Zimbabwe

Utafiti ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Plan Shenjere-Nyabezi
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Death Rituals ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Attitudes Towards Death ◽  
Death Signals

Despite Westernization and particularly the advent of Christianity and its widespread entrenchment on the African continent, traditional indigenous rituals continue to constitute an integral part of African religious belief systems and practices. This article presents the results of an ethnoarchaeological study of two death rituals that are conducted by the Ndau people of south eastern Zimbabwe. The rituals are a demonstration of attitudes towards death and beliefs about the role of the dead among the living. The Ndau do not believe that death signals and represents the end of life. In the same vein and perhaps more importantly, the Ndau do not believe that death just happens. It is caused by human agency out of jealousies, hatred and conflict among the living. These beliefs are central to the two rituals presented and discussed here: the first ritual is conducted to ascertain cause of death and the second to bring back the spirit of the deceased from a temporary state of limbo immediately after death. Meat and beer are central to these rituals, firstly as offerings to the deceased and secondly as an important part of the living celebration of the rituals. The paper then explores some interpretive implications of the rituals from an archaeological perspective.

End of life care in the community: the role of ambulance clinicians

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Pettifer ◽  
Rosanna Bronnert
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Life Care
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document