scholarly journals Analysis of Soil Erodibility Factor for Hydrologic Processes in Kereke Watershed, North Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
G.A. Songu ◽  
R.D. Abu ◽  
N.M. Temwa ◽  
S.T. Yiye ◽  
S. Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
K Value ◽  
North Central ◽  
Soil Erodibility Factor

: Soil erodibility factor plays essential role in determining how susceptible soil is to hydrological processes such as detachment and removal by rainfall and runoff that could influence soil erosion and sediment entrainment by flooding in an area. This paper therefore determined the erodibility k-value of soil in the Kereke watershed with the purpose of assessing its susceptibility to hydrological processes. Data was collected on some soil properties such as soil texture, soil structure, soil organic matter content, soil carbon content, soil porosity, soil bulk density, soil moisture content and soil erodibility k-value. The systematic sampling procedure was used to select thirty-two settlements which served as catchment areas for data collection; from which thirty-two soil samples were collected for analysis. Tables and graph were used to present the data, and percentages were used to depict variations in the data set. Results of the study shows that the soil samples have high percent sand particles (71.6%), moderate amount of clay particles (15.7%), silt(12.7%), organic carbon (0.6%), organic matter (1.1%), bulk density (1.4 gcm-3 ), porosity (45.2%), moisture content (14.0%) and low soil erodibility k-value of 0.018. The soil erodibility k-value in the study area was considered to be low, and therefore the soils are moderately erodible. This probably accounts for the moderate intensity of soil erosion channels and entrained sediments by flooding observed in the study area. It is therefore recommended that soil management practices should be encouraged by farmers especially planting of cover crops, shifting cultivation and fallowing system. This will allow nutrients gain and improved bulk density to limit soil erodibility capacity and good soil management in the area. Key words: Soil erodibility factor, hydrological processes, Kereke watershed, North Central Nigeria

scholarly journals Spatial Variability Modeling of Soil Erodibility Index in Relation to Some Soil Properties at Field Scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gyamfi ◽  
J. M. Ndambuki ◽  
R.W. Salim
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Variability Modeling

<p class="1Body">Soil erosion is a major land degradation issue affecting various facets of human lives. To curtail soil erosion occurrence requires understanding of soil properties and how they influence soil erosion. To this end, the soil erodibility index which gives an indication of the susceptibility of soils to erosion was examined. In particular, we aimed to determine soil erodibility index at field scale and establish relationships that exist between selected soil properties and soil erodibility index. It was hypothesized that for soil erodibility index to vary spatially, then the existing soil properties should have varying spatial structure. Hundred disturbed and 100 undisturbed soil samples were collected from a 7.3 ha gridded area. The samples were analyzed for particle size distribution, bulk density, particle density, organic matter content and porosity. All soil analyses were conducted following standard procedures. Data were analyzed statistically and geostatistically on the basis of semivariograms. Sandy clay loam was the dominant soil texture in the studied field. Results indicate significant negative relationship between<strong> </strong>sand content, bulk density, particle density and organic matter with soil erodibility index. Silt correlated significantly with a positive relation with soil erodibility. Estimated erodibility for the sampled field ranged from 0.019 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mmto 0.055 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm. The order of dominance of erodibility ranges were 0.038-0.042 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0. 036-0.08 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0.032-0.036 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0.019-0.032 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm&gt; 0.042-0.055 t.ha.hr/ha.MJ.mm. Regression analysis revealed silt to be the most significant variable that influences soil erodibility. The best regression of soil properties on soil erodibility index gave an R<sup>2 </sup>of 0.90. A comparison of the regression equation with other studies indicated good performance of the equation developed.</p>

scholarly journals Characteristics of Soil Erodibility K Value and Its Influencing Factors in the Changyan Watershed, Southwest Hubei, China

Land ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Huang ◽  
Lirong Lin ◽  
Shuwen Ding ◽  
Zhengchao Tian ◽  
Xinyuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
K Value ◽  
K Factor

Soil erodibility K factor is an important parameter for evaluating soil erosion vulnerability and is required for soil erosion prediction models. It is also necessary for soil and water conservation management. In this study, we investigated the spatial variability characteristics of soil erodibility K factor in a watershed (Changyan watershed with an area of 8.59 km2) of Enshi, southwest of Hubei, China, and evaluated its influencing factors. The soil K values were determined by the EPIC model using the soil survey data across the watershed. Spatial K value prediction was conducted by regression-kriging using geographic data. We also assessed the effects of soil type, land use, and topography on the K value variations. The results showed that soil erodibility K values varied between 0.039–0.052 t·hm2·h/(hm2·MJ·mm) in the watershed with a block-like structure of spatial distribution. The soil erodibility, soil texture, and organic matter content all showed positive spatial autocorrelation. The spatial variability of the K value was related to soil type, land use, and topography. The calcareous soil had the greatest K value on average, followed by the paddy soil, the yellow-brown soil (an alfisol), the purple soil (an inceptisol), and the fluvo-aquic soil (an entisol). The soil K factor showed a negative correlation with the sand content but was positively related to soil silt and clay contents. Forest soils had a greater ability to resist to erosion compared to the cultivated soils. The soil K values increased with increasing slope and showed a decreasing trend with increasing altitude.

Soil Management for Conservation and Sustainable Rice Production in an Irrigated Area of Eastern Nigeria

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L.A. Asadu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Cropping Season

An comparison of soilmanagement techniques In the different irrigation zones of Lower Anambra Irrigation Project (LAIP) In eastern Nigeria showed that heavy use of machinery led to Increases In bulk density and decreases In field water Infiltration rate. The relative proportion of clay In the irrigated fields Increased as a result of Irrigation, suggesting that mobilized clay from uncemented main and distribution canals Is carried and deposited In the rice fields. Both Irrigation and the use of machinery have had substantial negative effects on soli nutrient levels, and there is a danger of this process continuing. Soli management for sustainable production in the area should centre on applying organic matter in combination with inorganic fertilizers, monitoring the soli properties on yearly basis before the cropping season for fertilizer and lime recommendations, and varying the depth of tillage to Increase or maintain the effective soli depth.

scholarly journals Changes in physico-chemical properties of paddy soil due to water and fertilizer management

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
AKM Abul Ahsan ◽  
MMR Jahangir ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Md Anwarul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical

Soil physico-chemical properties are an important phenomenon for sustainable crop production and maintenance of optimum soil health. Hence, a laboratory measurement was conducted with soil samples of three years long experimental field of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to assess the changes in five selected soil physico-chemical properties viz. soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, total nitrogen and organic matter. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with two water regimes (continuous flooding and alternate wetting & drying) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments (N0 - control, N1- 140 kg N/ha as PU, N2- 104 kg N/ha as USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills), N3 - 5 t CD + PU @ 140 kg N /ha on IPNS basis and N4- 5 t CD + USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills @ 104 kg N/ha)) in the subplots under rice-rice cropping pattern with three replications. After three years, soil samples were collected at 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depths for measuring bulk density and at 0-10 cm depth for other soil properties and analyzed. Results found that % sand, % silt, % clay, bulk density and soil pH was not changed significantly compared to initial status. Percentage of total nitrogen and organic matter was significantly affected by irrigation and fertilization. Total nitrogen (%) was higher in AWD whereas organic matter (%) was higher in CF practice. The highest total nitrogen (%) and organic matter (%) was found in N4 treatment in which USG was applied in combination with cowdung as organic manure. It can be suggested that N4 treatment was formed good combination for sustaining chemical properties of soil. Further long- term experimentation will be needed to know the changes in soil properties for sustainable crop production and improving soil health. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (2), 65-71

scholarly journals Soil Erodibility Analysis and Mapping in Gilgel Gibe-I Catchment, Omo-Gibe River Basin, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gizaw Tesfaye ◽  
Tolesa Ameyu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Soil Permeability ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Texture Class

The soil erosion factor, erodibility, measures the susceptibility of soil particles to transport and detachment by erosive agents. Soil erosion and sedimentation models use soil properties and erodibility as the main input. However, in developing countries such as Ethiopia, data on soil erosion and soil-related properties are limited. For this reason, different researchers use different data sources that are adopted from a large scale and come with very different results. For this reason, the study was proposed to analyze and map the soil erodibility of the catchment area using primary data. 80 mixed soil samples were taken from the catchment with GPS coordinates and analyzed in the laboratory for soil texture class and soil organic matter. Accordingly, sandy clay loam is a dominant soil texture class covering 65% of the catchment area with 2.46% average soil organic matter, which is high in the mountainous part and lower in the lower valley of the catchment area. Most of the catchment area, which accounts for more than 78% of the area, was dominated by medium- or coarse-grained soil structure, and in the upper parts of the catchment area, 21% of the catchment area was covered with fine-grained soil structure. Similarly, 66% of the catchment area was covered with slow to moderate soil permeability, followed by slow soil permeability covering 21% of the area. Finally, the soil erodibility value of the Gilgel Gibe-I catchment was determined to be 0.046 ton h·MJ−1·mm−1 with a range of 0.032 to 0.063 ton·h·MJ−1·mm−1. In general, soils with slow permeability, high silt content, and medium- to fine-grained soil structures are the most erodible. They are conveniently separate; they tend to crust and form high drainage. Knowing this, the catchment has a moderate soil erodibility value. Thus, the study recommends evidence of land cover and the protection of arable land through suitable soil and water protection measures to improve soil permeability and soil structure.

scholarly journals Examining the Effectiveness of Catch Crops as a Nature-Based Solution to Mitigate Surface Soil and Water Losses as an Environmental Regional Concern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemi Cerdà ◽  
Iván Franch-Pardo ◽  
Agata Novara ◽  
Srikanta Sannigrahi ◽  
Jesús Rodrigo-Comino
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Catch Crop ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Catch Crops ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Soil And Water

AbstractThe main goal of this research was to conduct a biophysical, economic, social, and perception-based approach to foresee the solutions that could be used to mitigate the soil loss problem cost-effectively in “La Ribera del Xúquer” district (Valencia Region, Spain). To achieve these goals, a farmer perception survey was carried out, and an assessment of the biophysical impact of catch crops on soil organic matter, bulk density, steady-state infiltration rate (double-ring infiltrometer) and runoff generation, and soil erosion (rainfall simulation experiments) was carried out in 2016. For the biophysical approach, two paired plots, i.e., catch crops vs. glyphosate herbicide treatment (in advance, control plot), were selected under clementine citrus production. The results show that soil organic matter increased from 1.14 to 1.63%, and bulk density decreased from 1.47 to 1.27 g cm−3 after 10 years of treatments using catch crops. They also facilitated higher infiltration rates from 16.7 to 171 mm h−1 and a delay in runoff generation from 149 to 654 s for control and catch crop plots. Both runoff rates (from 50.6 to 3.1%) and soil erosion (from 3.9 to 0.04 Mg ha−1 h−1) were reduced once the catch crops were deployed in the field. After surveying (2018–2019), farmers stated the use of catch crops as a speck of dirt and a cause of possible loss of reputation when used. Moreover, farmers (N = 73) would accept the catch crops as an effective nature-based alternative only if a subsidy of 131.17€ ha−1 would be paid. The survey results also demonstrated that the farmers' community would see catch crop more as a benefit for the planet's health and society. Few constraints, such as ageing of the farmers’ population, lack of education and negative perception for other management factors, are the critical detrimental factors for adopting catch crops as a nature-based solution to reduce soil and water losses. There is a need for an effective agrarian extension service to change the fate of the current agriculture and achieve sustainability by adopting new management strategies in contemporary agricultural practices.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of soil at Habla union of Basail upazila in Tangail

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-671
Author(s):  
Md Abdullah Miah ◽  
Nazia Uddin ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Md Erfanul Haq ◽  
Ajay Kumar Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Properties Of Soil

An experiment was conducted to examine the physicochemical properties of soil at Habla union under Basail upazila in Tangail based on the BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture) laboratory analysis of physical and chemical parameters during January to March, 2014. Total 30 soil samples from 10 points of Habla union were collected from 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, and 30-40 cm depth of the soil respectively. To determine the soil texture the results were compared with the standard value of SRDI and BARC. Among the 30 soil samples, 25 soils texture classes were found sandy clay loam, 4 were sandy clay and rest one was clay loam. The comparative analysis showed that the average texture class is sandy clay loam. The bulk density ranged from1.23 to 1.91 g/cm3 for the total samples which leads to decide that bulk density is gradually increasing with soil depth. The moisture percentage at different depth of soil were 39.23 to 57.23 % (for 0-15 cm), 43.02 to 58.35 % (for 15-30 cm) and 42.08 to 58.24% (for 30-45 cm).The pH obtained from soil samples of the study area were 4.66 to 5.55 (for 0-15cm), 5.37 to 6.18(for 15-30cm), 6.33to 6.60 (for 30-45 cm). The percentage of organic matter of the soil samples were 0.55 to 3.97 % (for 0-15cm), 0.55 to 3.24 % (for 15-30cm), 0.69 to 2.28 % (for 30-45cm).The organic matter content in the surface soil is relatively low compared to standard level that decreases steadily with depth. The percentage of nitrogen (N %) was observed in different depth of the soil were 0.078 to 0.126 % (for 0-15 cm), 0.049 to 0.126 % (for 15-30 cm), to 0.074 % (for 30-45 cm) which revealed that the percentages of total nitrogen were fall with the depth compared to standard level. In different depth of soil, it was observed that the level of phosphorus (P) was very low compared to standard level where the phosphorus (P) concentration of the soil samples were 1.18 to 2.90 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 1.30 to 9.95 mg/kg (for 15-30 cm), 1.58 to 10.92 mg/kg (for 30-45 cm). On the other hand, it was observed that the sulfur (S) concentration was increased with the depth of soil compared to standard level. The sulfur (S) concentration of the soil samples were 5.21 to 11.98 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 5.37 to 14.16 mg/kg (15-30 cm), 9.03 to 15.09 mg/kg (30-45 cm). The potassium (K) concentration of the soil samples were 0.038 to 0.102 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 0.031 to 0.90 mg/kg (for 15-30 cm) 0.055 to 0.171 mg/kg (for 30-45 cm), which indicated that the low K content compared to the standard level. The overall physicochemical parameter of soil samples were not optimum for good agricultural production. As we know all the parameters either directly or indirectly influence the soil fertility and productivity. This was probably the reason for low productivity of soil in the study area.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 664-671

scholarly journals Estimation of the soil erodibility factor of a peri-urban catchment by group method of data handling and enhanced particle swarm optimization method

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Chander Kant ◽  
Mrinmoy Majumder ◽  
Dharmendra Kumar Tyagi ◽  
Ashish Prabhat Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Soil Erodibility Factor ◽  
Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization

Soil erosion has become a major deterrent in any watershed management program. The erodibility of the soil from the river banks has degraded watersheds all over the world. That is why in any watershed development programmers’ erodibility of soil becomes a significant design parameter. However, there is lack of efficient simulation model for estimation of soil erosion. The existing models are location sensitive and mostly empirical nature in the present investigation, the authors tried to estimate the soil erodibility factor of the USLE method with the help of Enhanced PSO. The data for development of model is generated by Normalized Design of Experiment method which assumes that maximum and minimum value can be represented by I and O respectively. The same model was developed with the help of GMDH also. As per the model matrices of GMDH model shows better reliability. The selected model was applied to predict soil erodibility factor for 21 no’s of location in west Tripura region. From the prediction and comparison with the actual data it was found that the selected models have an accuracy of 99.8% in predicted model and 89.8% in case study.

scholarly journals Soil erodibility indices under different land uses in Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya (India)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Olaniya ◽  
Pradip Kumar Bora ◽  
Susanta Das ◽  
Pukhrambam Helena Chanu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Modified Clay ◽  
K Index ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract In absence of soil erosion plots for determination of erodibility index (K) for erosion models like Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) or Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to estimate soil erosion, empirical relations are used. In the present study, soil erodibility index was determined for entire Ri-bhoi district of Meghalaya based on soil physical and chemical properties through empirical relationship and presented in a map form. Dominant land uses of the district were identified through geo-spatial tools which were viz. agriculture, forest, jhum land and wasteland. Soil samples from surface depth (01–15 cm) were collected from areas of different dominant land uses. Twenty five sampling points were selected under each land use type and geo-coded them on the base map of Ri-bhoi district. Apart from K-index, Clay Ratio, Modified Clay Ratio and Critical Soil Organic Matter were also determined for understanding the effect of primary soil particles on erodibility. In agriculture land use system K-index values were found in the range of 0.08–0.41 with an average of 0.25 ± 0.02. In case of jhum, forest and wasteland these were in the range of 0.08–0.42 with an average of 0.20 ± 0.01; 0.09–0.40 with an average of 0.22 ± 0.02, and 0.10–0.34 with an average value of 0.23 ± 0.02, respectively. Clay ratio (2.74) and Modified clay ratio (2.41) were observed to be higher in forest LUS, lower clay ratio (1.97) and modified clay ratio (1.81) were found in the wasteland indicating erosion susceptibility in forested area. The values of Critical Level of Organic Matter (CLOM) for the district ranged from 4.72 to 16.56. Out of 100 samples, only one sample had CLOM value less than 5 and rest 99 samples had values more than 5 indicating that the soils of the district had moderate to stable soil structure and offer resistance to erosion. All the indices values of geo-coded points were then interpolated in the Arc-GIS environment to produce land use based maps for Ri-bhoi district of Meghalaya. As K-index is a quantitative parameter which is used in models, the index can be then interpolated for estimation of soil erosion through USLE or RUSLE for any given situation.

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