Chemical composition and anticancer effects of Zingiber officinale volatile oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
R.O. Imade ◽  
B.A. Ayinde ◽  
M.I. Choudhary ◽  
A. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Anticancer Effects

Zingiber officinale rhizome is used in ethnomedicine in treating tumor-related ailments. This study was undertaken to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of this plant. The oil was extracted using a Clavenger apparatus by hydro-distillation method. Preliminary screening was carried out with brine shrimp cytotoxicity test at 10-1000 µg/mL. The volatile oil was further tested on breast cancer (AU 565) and cervical cancer (HeLa) at 50 µg /mL using MTT assay and later subjected to GCMS analysis. LC50 of 157.75 µg/mL was obtained in the brine shrimp mortality assay. Z. officinale oil showed high anticancer activities with 50 and 43 % inhibitions against HeLa and AU 565 cells respectively. GCMS analysis revealed the major constituents of Z. officinale oil as a-citral (11.68 %) and a-citral (10.18 %). These results suggest the medicinal potency of this plant oil.

Chemical composition and anticancer effects of Hyptis Suaveolens L. Poit (lamiaceae) volatile oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
R.O. Imade ◽  
B.A. Ayinde ◽  
M.I. Choudhary ◽  
A. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Type Apparatus

The leaf of Hyptis suaveolens have found application in ethnomedicine in the treatment of various ailments including those that are related to tumor and cancer. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of its volatile oil. Volatile oil distilled from freshly collected leaves using a Clavenger-type apparatus was screened using tadpoles of Raniceps ranninus (10-40 µg/mL) and brine shrimp of Artemia salina (10-1000 µg/mL) with bench-top assay procedures for cytotoxicity while growth inhibitory activity was assessed using radicles of Sorghum bicolor seeds (1-30 mg/mL). The essential oils were further tested on breast cancer (AU 565) and cervical cancer (HeLa) at 50 µg /mL using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and afterwards subjected to Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometric (GCMS) analysis for its constituents. An LC50 of 188.67 and 8 µg/mL were obtained in the brine shrimp mortality and tadpole lethality assays respectively. The oil showed inhibitions of 86.74 and 21.8 % against AU 565 and HeLa cells respectively. GCMS analysis revealed the major constituents as sabinene (10.64 %) and (-)-4-terpineol (7.27 %). These results support its use in treating tumor-related ailments and should be considered for further studies.

scholarly journals Characteristics, Chemical Analysis and Biological Activities of Methanol Extracts of Lichens Pleurosticta acetabulum and Cladonia subulata

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovica Tomović ◽  
Marijana Kosanić ◽  
Branislav Ranković ◽  
Perica Vasiljević ◽  
Stevo Najman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Hela S3

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition of methanol extracts of the lichens Pleurosticta acetabulum and Cladonia subulata and their antioxidant, and anticancer activities. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts of lichens was determined by HPLC-UV method. The predominant phenolic compounds in these extracts were norstictic acid and salazinic acids in P. acetabulum, while hypoprotocetraric acid and fumarprotocetraric acid were the major metabolites detected in C. subulata. Total phenolics and flavonoids in the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically, with the varied amount from 21.31 to 73.45 mg GA/g and from 8.48 to 15.42 mg RU/g, respectively. The lichen extracts showed comparable and strong antioxidant activity, exhibited higher DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavengings, inhibitory activity towards lipid peroxidation and reducing power. Cytotoxic effects of lichens were tested against HeLa S3 and LS174 cell lines using MTT method.The cytotoxic effects of P. acetabulum and C. subulata extracts toward two cancer cell lines were in the range from 39.17 to >200 μg/mL IC50 value. The present study showed that the tested extracts of lichens demonstrated important antioxidant and anticancer effects. That suggests that these lichens can be used as new sources of the natural antioxidants and anti-cancer compounds.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity of Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Dried Ginger

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Akifa Begum ◽  
M. Jeevitha ◽  
S. Preetha ◽  
S. Rajeshkumar
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment

Zingiber officinale (also called ginger) is commonly used for traditional treatment of various diseases and for culinary purposes. This plant species is a herbaceous and develops yearly pseudostems around one meter tall bearing limited leaf cutting edges. The synthesis of metal nanoparticles and nanocomposites is an emerging area of research and exploration in the field of material science for their unique size and shape and have reliant features that are different from the regular bulk structure. The aim of the present study was to synthesize iron nanoparticles using dried ginger and evaluate their cytotoxic effects against brine shrimp. The nanoparticles were synthesized using dried ginger and characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity assessment was carried out using brine shrimp lethality assay. The iron nanoparticles did not show any cytotoxicity to the brine shrimp. This eco-friendly synthesis of iron nanoparticles from dried ginger has proved to be convenient, inexpensive and can be safely used in wide range of medicine and dental fields.

Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Effects of the Cultivated Ruta chalepensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-660
Author(s):  
Lynda Gali ◽  
Fatiha Bedjou
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Ruta Chalepensis ◽  
Low Concentrations

Background: Ruta chalepensis is a shrub from the Mediterranean basin widely used in the traditional medicine. The plant presents an interesting composition containing alkaloids, coumarins and volatile oil. The present work aims to study the antibacterial and the cytotoxic effects of the ethanol extract, its fractions, and the alkaloid extract from the cultivated Ruta chalepensis. Methods: Extracts were tested against five bacterial strains using the agar well diffusion method and the broth micro-dilution technique for the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Brine shrimp assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity. Results: Chloroform fraction exhibited a strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, and B. subtilis with inhibition diameters of 25.5±0.7 and 18.5±2.12mm at 50mg/ml and 100mg/ml, respectively. Butanol and aqueous fractions were found to be inactive against all the tested strains. Ethyl acetate was the only active fraction against E. coli. Alkaloids showed a strong growth inhibition of B. subtilis and S. aureus at low concentrations (22.5±0.71 and 18.00±0,00mm, respectively at 20mg/ml). The cytotoxicity evaluation using the brine shrimp larvae indicated a high effect of alkaloids with an LC50 of 27.51μg/ml supporting their antibacterial activity. Conclusion: These findings suggest a possible use of Ruta chalepensis as a source of antibacterial and anti-proliferative agents.

Nanocurcumin: A Double-Edged Sword for Microcancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (45) ◽  
pp. 5783-5792
Author(s):  
Kholood Abid Janjua ◽  
Adeeb Shehzad ◽  
Raheem Shahzad ◽  
Salman Ul Islam ◽  
Mazhar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Body ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Anticancer Effects

There is compelling evidence that drug molecules isolated from natural sources are hindered by low systemic bioavailability, poor absorption, and rapid elimination from the human body. Novel approaches are urgently needed that could enhance the retention time as well as the efficacy of natural products in the body. Among the various adopted approaches to meet this ever-increasing demand, nanoformulations show the most fascinating way of improving the bioavailability of dietary phytochemicals through modifying their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Curcumin, a yellowish pigment isolated from dried ground rhizomes of turmeric, exhibits tremendous pharmacological effects, including anticancer activities. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that curcumin mediates anticancer effects through the modulation (upregulation and/or downregulations) of several intracellular signaling pathways both at protein and mRNA levels. Scientists have introduced multiple modern techniques and novel dosage forms for enhancing the delivery, bioavailability, and efficacy of curcumin in the treatment of various malignancies. These novel dosage forms include nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, phospholipids, and curcumin-encapsulated polymer nanoparticles. Nanocurcumin has shown improved anticancer effects compared to conventional curcumin formulations. This review discusses the underlying molecular mechanism of various nanoformulations of curcumin for the treatment of different cancers. We hope that this study will make a road map for preclinical and clinical investigations of cancer and recommend nano curcumin as a drug of choice for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Fucoxanthin Holds Potential to Become a Drug Adjuvant in Breast Cancer Treatment: Evidence from 2D and 3D Cell Cultures

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4288
Author(s):  
Fernanda Malhão ◽  
Ana Catarina Macedo ◽  
Carla Costa ◽  
Eduardo Rocha ◽  
Alice Abreu Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
3D Cultures ◽  
3D Cell Cultures ◽  
Tumoral Cell ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
2D And 3D

Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a carotenoid derived from marine organisms that exhibits anticancer activities. However, its role as a potential drug adjuvant in breast cancer (BC) treatment is still poorly explored. Firstly, this study investigated the cytotoxic effects of Fx alone and combined with doxorubicin (Dox) and cisplatin (Cis) on a panel of 2D-cultured BC cell lines (MCF7, SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231) and one non-tumoral cell line (MCF12A). Fucoxanthin induced cytotoxicity against all the cell lines and potentiated Dox cytotoxic effects towards the SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The combination triggering the highest cytotoxicity (Fx 10 µM + Dox 1 µM in MDA-MB-231) additionally showed significant induction of cell death and genotoxic effects, relative to control. In sequence, the same combination was tested on 3D cultures using a multi-endpoint approach involving bioactivity assays and microscopy techniques. Similar to 2D cultures, the combination of Fx and Dox showed higher cytotoxic effects on 3D cultures compared to the isolated compounds. Furthermore, this combination increased the number of apoptotic cells, decreased cell proliferation, and caused structural and ultrastructural damages on the 3D models. Overall, our findings suggest Fx has potential to become an adjuvant for Dox chemotherapy regimens in BC treatment.

scholarly journals Application of self-assembly peptides targeting the mitochondria as a novel treatment for sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Ho Hong ◽  
M. T. Jeena ◽  
Ok-Hee Kim ◽  
Kee-Hwan Kim ◽  
Ho Joong Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Mitochondrial Ros ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Apoptotic Effect

AbstractCurrently, there is no appropriate treatment option for patients with sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Meanwhile, pronounced anticancer activities of newly-developed mitochondria-accumulating self-assembly peptides (Mito-FF) have been demonstrated. This study intended to determine the anticancer effects of Mito-FF against sorafenib-resistant Huh7 (Huh7-R) cells. Compared to sorafenib, Mito-FF led to the generation of relatively higher amounts of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as the greater reduction in the expression of antioxidant enzymes (P < 0.05). Mito-FF was found to significantly promote cell apoptosis while inhibiting cell proliferation of Huh7-R cells. Mito-FF also reduces the expression of antioxidant enzymes while significantly increasing mitochondrial ROS in Huh7-R cells. The pro-apoptotic effect of Mito-FFs for Huh7-R cells is possibly caused by their up-regulation of mitochondrial ROS, which is caused by the destruction of the mitochondria of HCC cells.

scholarly journals Apoptosis Induced by Tanshinone IIA and Cryptotanshinone Is Mediated by Distinct JAK/STAT3/5 and SHP1/2 Signaling in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hoon Jung ◽  
Tae-Rin Kwon ◽  
Soo-Jin Jeong ◽  
Eun-Ok Kim ◽  
Eun Jung Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Better Than

Though tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone possess a variety of biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimetabolic, and anticancer effects, the precise molecular targets or pathways responsible for anticancer activities of tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) still remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone on the Janus activated kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling during apoptotic process. We found that both tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone induced apoptosis by activation of caspase-9/3 and Sub-G1 accumulation in K562 cells. However, they have the distinct JAK/STAT pathway, in which tanshinone IIA inhibits JAK2/STAT5 signaling, whereas cryptotanshinone targets the JAK2/STAT3. In addition, tanshinone IIA enhanced the expression of both SHP-1 and -2, while cryptotanshinone regulated the expression of only SHP-1. Both tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone attenuated the expression of bcl-xL, survivin, and cyclin D1. Furthermore, tanshinone IIA augmented synergy with imatinib, a CML chemotherapeutic drug, better than cryptotanshinone in K562 cells. Overall, our findings suggest that the anticancer activity of tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone is mediated by the distinct the JAK/STAT3/5 and SHP1/2 signaling, and tanshinone IIA has the potential for combination therapy with imatinib in K562 CML cells.

scholarly journals In vivo and in vitro antiplasmodial activities of some plants traditionally used in Guatemala against malaria.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
F F Franssen ◽  
L J Smeijsters ◽  
I Berger ◽  
B E Medinilla Aldana
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Simarouba Glauca

We present an evaluation of the antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects of four plants commonly used in Guatemalan folk medicine against malaria. Methanol extracts of Simarouba glauca D. C., Sansevieria guineensis Willd, Croton guatemalensis Lotsy, and Neurolaena lobata (L.)R.Br. significantly reduced parasitemias in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Dichloromethane fractions were screened for their cytotoxicities on Artemia salina (brine shrimp) larvae, and 50% inhibitory concentrations were determined for Plasmodium falciparum in in vitro cultures. Both chloroquine-susceptible and -resistant strains of P. falciparum were significantly inhibited by these extracts. Of all dichloromethane extracts, only the S. glauca cortex extract was considered to be toxic to nauplii of A. salina in the brine shrimp test.

scholarly journals Direct Cytotoxic and Indirect, Immune-Mediated Effects of Local Anesthetics Against Cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Wu Chuang ◽  
Oliver Kepp ◽  
Guido Kroemer ◽  
Lucillia Bezu
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Oncological Surgery ◽  
Residual Cancer ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Fundamental Research

Local anesthetics are frequently employed during surgery in order to control peri- and postoperative pain. Retrospective studies have revealed an unexpected correlation between increased long-term survival and the use of local anesthetics during oncological surgery. This effect of local anesthetics might rely on direct cytotoxic effects on malignant cells or on indirect, immune-mediated effects. It is tempting to speculate, yet needs to be formally proven, that the combination of local anesthetics with oncological surgery and conventional anticancer therapy would offer an opportunity to control residual cancer cells. This review summarizes findings from fundamental research together with clinical data on the use of local anesthetics as anticancer standalone drugs or their combination with conventional treatments. We suggest that a better comprehension of the anticancer effects of local anesthetics at the preclinical and clinical levels may broadly improve the surgical treatment of cancer.

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