scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterium Africanum from the Sputum of Butchers in a Municipal Abattoir in

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-314
Author(s):  
C.A. Agada ◽  
I.F. Ijabone ◽  
D. Igwe ◽  
S.I.B. Cadmus
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Mycobacterium Africanum ◽  
High Level

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) remains a major public health concern due to its high rate of person to person transfer as well as a high level of morbidity and mortality. The risk factors for transmission of zoonotic TB to humans are close physical contact with cattle, consumption of unpasteurised milk and milk products and unhealthy meat processing by butchers are common in developing countries like Nigeria. However, the circulating MTC among the occupationally exposed are unknown therefore the need to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis and to characterize the mycobacterial species in them. A crosssectional study was conducted among butchers, cattle traders and herders in Bodija Municipal Abattoir, Akinyele International Cattle Market and some herds respectively. Using systematic random sampling, 93 sputum samples were collected and analyzed by culture, Mycobacterium Genus Typing as well as Deletion Typing (Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)). Of the 93 sputa collected, two (2.2%) were positive for mycobacteria by culture which were confirmed to be Mycobacterium africanum by molecular characterization. These bacilli were isolated from two butchers; one of which had the habit of eating raw meat and cherish ‘wara’ (a local soft cheese made from milk). The isolation of M. africanum from butchers in this study raises public health concern on the contamination of the meat processed as well as highlights its importance in the epidemiology of tuberculosis in Nigeria.

Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus in Lebanon

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. TOKAJIAN ◽  
P. ABOU KHALIL ◽  
D. JABBOUR ◽  
M. RIZK ◽  
M. J. FARAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Multi Locus Sequence Typing ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Sequence Types

SUMMARYStaphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen and is a growing public health concern. In this study, 130 S. aureus, 93 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 37 methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), clinical isolates recovered from Lebanon were typed by protein A gene (spa) sequencing and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Forty-eight different spa types were identified and clustered into 30 different groups. MLST revealed 10 sequence types (STs) among the isolates. There were eight major MRSA clones defined as isolates with the same ST and the same SCCmec type. The majority of the PVL-positive isolates (53%) were ST80-MRSA-IVc. Systematic surveillance of both hospital and community isolates in Lebanon together with measures designed to limit the spread are required.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C among intravenous drug abusers in the Lebanese population

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02.1) ◽  
pp. 28S
Author(s):  
Mary Nakhoul ◽  
Carine Richa ◽  
Afif Jreij ◽  
Antoine Abou Rached
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern

Introduction: Injection drug users (IVDU) are prone to many blood born viral infections. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) constitute an important public health concern in this high-risk group. The aim of the study is to calculate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Lebanon. Methodology: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study between June 2015 and June 2016 on PWIDs recruited through the Lebanese non-governmental organizations in collaboration with the Lebanese ministry of public health. The participants were tested for HBs Antigen and HCV antibody using rapid test kits. The prevalence of each virus was then calculated. The correlation between both infections and other possible risk factors was also analyzed. Results: A total of 250 people were included in our study. 98% were males. Mean age was 31.9-year-old. The prevalence of HBV and HCV among PWID was 1.2% and 15.6%, respectively. Older age, longer duration of drug use, and the lack of awareness were found to be significantly correlated with higher rate of HCV infection. We noted a relatively high rate of sharing needles among PWIDs without significantly affecting the prevalence of both viruses. Conclusion: IVDU remains a major public health concern in Lebanon, being one of the most prevalent subpopulations for chronic viral hepatitis namely the HCV. Appropriate screening strategies, targeted educational programs and adequate HBV vaccination are of extreme importance for further viral prevention among this high-risk group.

scholarly journals Advanced Identification and Characterization of Listeria Species in Egyptian Local Soft Cheese

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Amany N. Dapgh ◽  
A. A. ELGedawy ◽  
Hussien A. Abouelhag ◽  
Asmaa S. Mansour ◽  
E. S. Gaber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Species Specific

Aims: one of the most important foodborne microorganisms is the Gram’s positive environmental wide spread Listeria spp. As the Listeria may be considered a public health concern so there is in needing to rapid, precise and reliable diagnosis of the organism in consumed food. The present study aimed to survey the presence of Listeria spp. among two popular consuming Egyptian white soft cheese using advanced biochemical, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular techniques. Methodology: Listeria spp. was investigated in 155 samples of two white soft cheeses (70 kareish cheese and 85 Damietta cheese) collected from street vendors and retail markets in Giza. The existence of Listeria spp. was tested through cultural and the identification was confirmed biochemically by Vitek2 compact system as well as molecular identification via diplex real time PCR using species specific primers. Results: The results of the study revealed the isolation of two Listeria spp. in a total number of 22 from155 samples (14.19%); 14 isolate out of 70 (20%) Kareish cheese while 8 isolates out of 85 (9.4%) Damietta cheese's samples. The 22 Listeria spp. isolates were differentiated into L. innocua 15 (68.18%), and L. monocytogenes 7 (31.81%) also their antimicrobial susceptibility was declared using advanced Vitek-2 compact system. The two Listeria spp. isolates were definitely confirmed by using diplex DNA hybridization real PCR technique. Conclusion: Soft raw milk based cheese is a popular food in Egypt and looked on as a risk for foodborne bacteria contamination. The data of this study pointed out that there is a potential risk of infection with Listeria, especially the public health concern L. monocytogenes. The current study presented Vitek-2 compact system as advanced technique for not only for identification and differentiation of Listeria strains but also for their antimicrobial susceptibility. Furthermore the using of diplex real PCR technique gives a chance for quick and precise identification.

scholarly journals First Description of Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus Due to TR46/Y121F/T289A Mutation in France

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 4331-4335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose-Anne Lavergne ◽  
Florent Morio ◽  
Loïc Favennec ◽  
Stéphane Dominique ◽  
Jacques F. Meis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Azole Resistance ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTAzole resistance inAspergillus fumigatusis an emerging public health concern. Recently, a novel fungicide-driven mutation in thecyp51Agene and its promoter, TR46/Y121F/T289A, leading to high-level resistance to voriconazole has been identified in The Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Denmark, Tanzania, and India in both clinical and environmental samples. Here we report the first description ofA. fumigatuscarrying this mutation in France, in a cystic fibrosis patient, underlining the need for extensive monitoring ofAspergillusresistance.

Reframing Fatness: Critiquing ‘Obesity’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethan Evans ◽  
Charlotte Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Policy Language ◽  
Religious Imagery ◽  
Fat Bodies

Over the last twenty years or so, fatness, pathologised as overweight and obesity, has been a core public health concern around which has grown a lucrative international weight loss industry. Referred to as a ‘time bomb’ and ‘the terror within’, analogies of ‘war’ circulate around obesity, framing fatness as enemy.2 Religious imagery and cultural and moral ideologies inform medical, popular and policy language with the ‘sins’ of ‘gluttony’ and ‘sloth’, evoked to frame fat people as immoral at worst and unknowledgeable victims at best, and understandings of fatness intersect with gender, class, age, sexuality, disability and race to make some fat bodies more problematically fat than others. As Evans and Colls argue, drawing on Michel Foucault, a combination of medical and moral knowledges produces the powerful ‘obesity truths’ through which fatness is framed as universally abject and pathological. Dominant and medicalised discourses of fatness (as obesity) leave little room for alternative understandings.

European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption: the ESAC programme

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Antimicrobial Consumption ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Major Public Health Concern

Resistance to antimicrobials has become a major public health concern, and it has been shown that there is a relationship, albeit complex, between antimicrobial resistance and consumption

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